← 返回单词列表
learn
★★★★★
🇺🇸 /lˈɚn/
🇬🇧 /lɜːn/
主要表示“学习、学会”,也可表示后来得知某事;此外还可作少见名词和姓氏。
💡 记忆钩子
把知识或技能沿着一条“痕迹”追出来:先主动学习或练习,终于学会;经历教训后从中吸取经验;也可以是从消息中得知某事。少数方言里,它还可表示“教训某人”,姓氏则是另一个独立分支。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握动词的“学习并学会”和“得知”两条主线,再记“从经历中吸取教训”;名词和方言义项不必优先使用。
- 不要把它只理解成“学习”。在表示“得知消息”时,通常相当于“获悉”,而不是亲自去学习。
📖 中文释义
name
-
common 姓氏📖 作为姓氏时,它表示一个人的家族姓,而不是动词“学习”的意思。💡 常见格式是“名字 + learn”,或单独在名单、署名中出现。作为姓氏时首字母大写,不能按普通动词小写使用。不要因为拼写相同,就把人名中的它理解成“学习”。Dr. Learn will speak at the conference.Learn 博士将在会议上发言。
Learns
plural
noun
-
rare 一次学习或了解📖 这里把“学习、了解”的过程当作一件事来谈,类似于“快速了解一下”。这个名词义比动词义少见,主要见于非正式用法。💡 常见结构是“a quick learn of something”,表示快速了解某事。它带有非正式色彩,正式写作中通常改用更普通的名词。不要把它和最常见的动词用法混淆。
learns
plural
verb
-
core 学习并学会📖 通过练习、观察或接受指导,逐渐获得知识或做某件事的能力,重点是从不会到会的过程。💡 常见结构是“learn to do something”或“learn how to do something”,也可以说“learn something”。后面接技能时不要误用成“learn someone to do”;表示教别人要用其他表达。这个义项既可表示正在学习,也可表示已经学会。She is learning to play the guitar.她正在学习弹吉他。I learned how to fix the bike.我学会了怎么修这辆自行车。
-
common 参加课程学习📖 表示参加课程、课堂或其他有组织的教育活动,强调在某个学习环境中接受教育。💡 常见结构是“learn at/in a school”或“learn a subject”,也可以直接说“learn”。现代英语中谈具体课程时,常根据语境改用“study”或“take a course”。不要把它机械地理解成只表示“学会某项技能”。The children learn English at school.孩子们在学校学习英语。
-
core 从教训中学习📖 从错误或不好的经历中得到经验,以后改进做法;这里的“学习”来自亲身经历,而不只是课堂或书本。💡 最常见结构是“learn from something/someone”,尤其是“learn from your mistakes”。介词通常用“from”,不能按中文习惯直接说成“learn your mistakes”。这个结构强调吸取经验,不只是知道发生过什么。We all learn from our mistakes.我们都会从错误中吸取教训。
-
common 学习某学科📖 表示系统地学习某个学科或知识领域,重点是学习内容本身。💡 常见结构是“learn a subject”,例如学习医学、历史或语言。表示在学校或大学主修、系统研读时,现代英语中“study”往往更自然。不要把“learn”只限于短期学会一项技能。She learned medicine at university.她在大学学习医学。
-
core 得知,获悉📖 从别人、新闻或某种信息来源那里知道一个事实;这里不是自己去学习,而是信息进入了自己的认知。💡 常见结构是“learn that...”或“learn about something”,也可说“learn of something”。在这个义项中,后面通常接消息、事实或情况,而不是技能。不要把“learn that”误译成“学习那个事实”,它通常表示“得知”。I learned that the meeting had been canceled.我得知会议已经取消了。She learned about the accident from the news.她从新闻中得知了那起事故。
-
rare 教训某人📖 在非标准口语或方言中,它可以反过来表示“教训、使某人得到教训”,相当于让对方从后果中学会规矩。💡 常见于“learn someone”这类非标准结构,带方言或口语色彩。标准英语中不要用它表示“教某人”,应使用“teach someone”。学习者在正式表达中应避免这个义项。
learns
present,singular,third-person
learning
participle,present
learned
participle,past
learned
past
learnt
participle,past
learnt
past
learn
first-person,present,singular
learned
first-person,past,singular
learn
present,second-person,singular
learnest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
learned
past,second-person,singular
learnedst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
learneth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
learned
past,singular,third-person
learn
plural,present
learned
past,plural
learn
present,subjunctive
learned
past,subjunctive
learn
imperative,present
-
imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 6 组
gain knowledge or skills; ;
同义词集:
learn
larn
acquire
She learned dancing from her sister
I learned Sanskrit
Children acquire language at an amazing rate
下位: absorb, assimilate, hit the books, ingest, study, take in
get to know or become aware of, usually accidentally;
同义词集:
learn
hear
get word
get wind
pick up
find out
get a line
discover
see
I learned that she has two grown-up children
I see that you have been promoted
下位: ascertain, catch, discover, find, trip up
be a student of a certain subject
同义词集:
learn
study
read
take
She is reading for the bar exam
下位: audit, drill, exercise, practice, practise, prepare, train
commit to memory; learn by heart
同义词集:
memorize
memorise
con
learn
Have you memorized your lines for the play yet?
上位: hit the books, study
下位: alternate, understudy
impart skills or knowledge to;
同义词集:
teach
learn
instruct
I taught them French
He instructed me in building a boat
上位: inform
下位: coach, condition, develop, drill, edify, educate, enlighten, ground, lecture, mentor, prepare, reinforce, reward, talk, train, tutor
find out, learn, or determine with certainty, usually by making an inquiry or other effort; ; ;
同义词集:
determine
check
find out
see
ascertain
watch
learn
I want to see whether she speaks French
See whether it works
find out if he speaks Russian
Check whether the train leaves on time
下位: test
🌳 词源
动词源自古英语,词源与“踪迹、痕迹”有关,原始意象可理解为沿着痕迹追索知识;姓氏可能是苏格兰盖尔语姓氏 McLaren 的缩略形式。
From Middle English lernen (“to learn", also, "to teach"”), from Old English leornian (“to learn", rarely also, "to teach”), from Proto-West Germanic *liʀnōn, from Proto-Germanic *lizaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(le-)lóys-e, stative from the root *leys- (“track, furrow, trace, trail”).
The spelling with ⟨ea⟩ is of Early Modern English origin and reflects a lengthening of /ɛ~e/ to /eː/ before /rn/ in Late Old English or Early Middle English, then later lowering to /ɛː/; the modern pronunciation reflects still later reshortening.
Cognate with Old Frisian lernia, lerna (“to learn”), Middle Low German lernen (“to learn", also, "to teach”), Middle Dutch leernen (“to learn", also, "to teach”) (whence Dutch lernen (“to study scripture”)), German lernen (“to learn”). See also lore and lear.
🔄 变式
-
imperat
learned
1st_sg
learnedst
archaic
learnest
archaic
learneth
archaic
learning
present
Learns
plural
learnt
past
🏷 单词标签 & 词根