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kill
★★★★★
🇺🇸 /kˈɪl/
🇬🇧 /ˈkɪl/
kill 主要表示“杀死、使生命终止”,也可引申为使某物停止、取消、失效,或在非正式语境中表示“造成剧痛、彻底击败、耗掉时间”等。作名词时可指杀戮、被杀的对象或一次击杀;作专名时是姓氏。
💡 记忆钩子
把 kill 想成“让目标彻底停下来”:对人或动物是夺走生命,对机器是使其停止,对计划是取消,对时间是把它消耗掉;在比赛或口语中,这个“彻底解决”又引申为击败对手、打出制胜球或表现得非常出色。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“杀死”和“消灭、停止、取消”这条核心线,再学习口语和专业引申义。
- kill 不只表示字面上的杀人;在“kill time”等短语中通常没有暴力含义,不能机械地译成“杀时间”。
📖 中文释义
name
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common 姓氏📖 Kill 可以是英语中的姓氏,与动词“杀死”只是拼写相同。💡 常见模式是“名字 + Kill”或“the Kill family”。谈论具体人物时按姓氏使用,不要给它添加动词的动作意义。姓氏通常首字母大写。Dr. Kill will speak at the conference.基尔医生将在会议上发言。
Kills
plural
noun
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core 杀戮;杀死这一行为📖 指杀死某人或某物这一行为本身,强调“致死”这个动作或结果。💡 常见模式是“a clean kill”或“the act of killing”。它通常可数,表示一次具体的杀戮;谈论抽象的杀戮行为时也可用作不可数概念。不要把它和动词混用。The hunter wanted a quick, clean kill.猎人希望迅速、干净利落地完成猎杀。
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common 致命一击📖 特指最终导致死亡的那一击,而不是整个杀戮过程。💡 常见模式是“deliver the kill”或“the killing blow”。这个意义多用于描述狩猎、战斗或动作过程,语气比普通的“杀死”更具体。不要把它理解成所有造成伤害的攻击。The final shot was the kill.最后那一枪是致命一击。
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common 被杀的对象📖 指已经被杀死的动物、人或其他目标,也就是杀戮留下的对象或结果。💡 常见模式是“drag/carry/find one’s kill”。这里的 kill 通常指具体的猎物或被杀目标,常与物主限定词连用。上下文若是游戏或军事场景,也可能指一次击杀而不是尸体。The fox carried its kill into the woods.狐狸把猎物叼进了树林。
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common 一次击杀;击杀数📖 在游戏、军事或战争语境中,指一次杀死或摧毁敌方人员、车辆等目标,也可指统计出的击杀数。💡 常见模式是“get/confirm a kill”和“five kills”。通常是可数名词,复数表示击杀次数或数量。具体是游戏得分还是现实中的军事击杀,要由语境判断。countableShe scored three kills in the final round.她在最后一轮拿到了三次击杀。
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common 排球扣杀得分📖 在排球中,指把球打到对方无法防守、从而直接赢得这一回合的球。💡 常见模式是“score a kill”或“record ten kills”。这是排球术语,通常用可数形式谈论球员的得分次数。不要把它泛化为所有体育项目中的普通得分。Her powerful spike gave the team a kill.她强有力的扣球为球队赢得了一分。
kills
plural
noun
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rare 纽约地区水道📖 在纽约地区地名中,kill 可以指小溪、海湾水道或连接水域的狭窄通道。New-York
kills
plural
verb
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core 杀死📖 使人、动物或其他有生命的目标死亡,是 kill 最基本、最直接的意义。💡 常见模式是“kill someone/something”或“be killed”。它是及物动词,通常直接接宾语;表达“被杀”时用被动结构。根据语境可用于犯罪、战争、疾病、事故或夸张表达。transitiveSmoking can kill people slowly.吸烟可能会慢慢夺走人的生命。The falling tree killed two people.倒下的树砸死了两个人。
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core 使停止运转📖 把机器、发动机、灯光或程序等变得不再运行,核心仍是“让它彻底停下来”。💡 常见模式是“kill the engine/process/connection”。它直接接被停止的设备或程序,语气通常比“turn off”更强调强制或彻底停止。对普通家电只说关掉时,使用“turn off”往往更自然。transitiveHe killed the engine and checked the map.他熄灭发动机,然后查看地图。
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core 取消;终止📖 使计划、项目、报道或提议停止并不再继续,相当于把它“扼杀”掉。💡 常见模式是“kill a plan/story/project”。这是比“cancel”更形象、更强的说法,常暗示某事已经被决定不再推进。它通常直接接被取消的事项,不要误加介词。figuratively transitiveThe editor killed the story before publication.编辑在报道发表前把它撤掉了。
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common 使惊艳;使无法应对📖 非正式或夸张地表示某人或某事非常惊艳、震撼,令别人几乎无法应对;“dressed to kill”则指打扮得极其漂亮。💡 常见模式是“be dressed to kill”或“that dress kills”。多用于非正式、夸张的口语,不能按字面理解为真的杀人。表达一般的“令人印象深刻”时,用“impress”更稳妥。excessive figuratively transitiveShe was dressed to kill at the awards ceremony.她在颁奖典礼上打扮得格外惊艳。
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common 使剧痛;折磨📖 表示疼痛、不适或精神压力非常强烈,仿佛把人折磨得受不了。💡 常见模式是“something is killing me”或“kill someone with pain”。这种用法通常是夸张的口语表达,不表示真的致死。身体部位作主语时,中文学习者容易误用成“我杀了脚”,应理解为“我的脚疼得厉害”。excessive figuratively intransitive transitiveThese shoes are killing my feet.这双鞋把我的脚磨疼了。
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common 使难受或反感📖 表示某种浪费、遗憾或令人厌恶的事情让人感到非常难受,通常是强烈的情绪反应。💡 常见模式是“It kills me to do something”。这里通常接不定式从句,表示“做某事让我很难受”,多用于遗憾、内疚或无奈。它不是字面上的致死表达,也不等于单纯的“讨厌”。figuratively transitiveIt kills me to see good food go to waste.看到好好的食物被浪费掉,我心里很难受。
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core 消磨;浪费📖 把时间、机会或资源一点点用掉,尤其常指为了等待而消磨时间。💡 最常见模式是“kill time”,也可说“kill a few hours”。通常表示用某种活动打发时间,不一定含有严重浪费的批评。不要把这个短语理解成暴力行为。transitiveWe played cards to kill time at the airport.我们在机场打牌来消磨时间。
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common 彻底击败📖 非正式地表示压倒、击败某个对手,或使对方完全失去反击能力。💡 常见模式是“kill the competition/opposition”。这是比“beat”更强、更口语化的说法,常用于比赛、商业竞争或夸张评论。正式写作中表达普通的获胜,优先使用“defeat”或“outperform”。figuratively informal transitiveOur team killed the competition in the final.我们队在决赛中彻底击败了对手。
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common 使公司倒闭📖 使一家公司无法继续经营,最终退出市场或倒闭。💡 常见模式是“kill a company/business”。这是比“put out of business”更简略、更形象的表达,常用于竞争、政策或市场变化的分析。正式语境中若需避免夸张,可使用“force a company out of business”。transitiveCheap imports nearly killed the local business.廉价进口商品差点让这家本地企业倒闭。
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common 严厉惩罚📖 口语中夸张地表示会受到严厉责罚,通常并不是真的要杀人。💡 常见模式是“someone will kill me”或“my parents are going to kill me”。它常表示害怕被责骂、惩罚或追究责任,属于非正式夸张说法。对不熟悉这种夸张习惯的正式场合,应改用“punish”或“be angry with”。excessive figuratively informal transitiveMy parents will kill me if I miss the train.如果我错过火车,我爸妈会狠狠教训我。
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rare 打出制胜球📖 在某些球类运动中,指以力量和落点打出对手无法防守的球,从而赢得一分。transitive
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rare 使球出界或停止比赛📖 在特定球类运动术语中,指使球离开有效比赛状态,导致比赛暂时停止。transitive
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common 大获成功📖 尤其在喜剧或舞台表演中,表示表演极其成功,观众反应热烈。💡 常见模式是“kill with an audience”或“kill onstage”。这是非正式的表演行业说法,通常表示赢得观众,而不是伤害观众。也可用“the comedian killed”表示“这位喜剧演员发挥得非常好”。The comedian killed with the late-night audience.这位喜剧演员赢得了深夜节目观众的热烈反响。
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rare 使数值变为零📖 在非正式数学或科学语境中,指把某个量设为零或使其归零。informal transitive
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rare 强制断开网络连接📖 在网络或计算机系统中,指未经用户主动操作就断开其连接。Internet transitive
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rare 使金属完全熔化📖 在冶金或工程语境中,指使金属完全熔化。
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rare 熟练地进行性行为📖 俚语中的成人用法,指以熟练方式进行性插入;这是露骨的性义,不适合一般正式交流。slang
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common 过度用力;累坏自己📖 非正式地表示把自己累得过度,仿佛要把自己“耗尽”或“弄垮”。💡 常见模式是“kill yourself doing something”或“don’t kill yourself”。通常用于劝人不要过度劳累,也可用于夸张地描述拼命工作。这里的反身代词不能省略,否则可能改变结构或造成歧义。informal reflexiveDon't kill yourself trying to finish everything tonight.别为了今晚完成所有事情把自己累坏了。
kills
present,singular,third-person
killing
participle,present
killed
participle,past
killed
past
kill
first-person,present,singular
killed
first-person,past,singular
kill
present,second-person,singular
killest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
killed
past,second-person,singular
killedst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
killeth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
killed
past,singular,third-person
kill
plural,present
killed
past,plural
kill
present,subjunctive
killed
past,subjunctive
kill
imperative,present
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imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 18 组
the destruction of an enemy plane or ship or tank or missile
同义词集:
kill
the pilot reported two kills during the mission
上位: destruction, devastation
the act of terminating a life
同义词集:
killing
kill
putting to death
上位: conclusion, ending, termination
下位: asphyxiation, beheading, death, decapitation, despatch, dispatch, euthanasia, fell, genocide, homicide, mercy killing, poisoning, race murder, racial extermination, ritual killing, sacrifice, self-annihilation, self-destruction, slaughter, suffocation, suicide
end or extinguish by forceful means
同义词集:
stamp out
kill
Stamp out poverty!
上位: end, terminate
destroy a vitally essential quality of or in
同义词集:
kill
Eating artichokes kills the taste of all other foods
上位: destroy, destruct
cause to cease operating
同义词集:
kill
kill the engine
上位: cut, switch off, turn off, turn out
tire out completely
同义词集:
kill
The daily stress of her work is killing her
上位: beat, exhaust, tucker, tucker out, wash up
mark for deletion, rub off, or erase
同义词集:
kill
obliterate
wipe out
kill these lines in the President's speech
drink down entirely; ;
同义词集:
toss off
pop
bolt down
belt down
pour down
down
drink down
kill
He downed three martinis before dinner
She killed a bottle of brandy that night
They popped a few beer after work
上位: drink, imbibe
the body of an animal, or bodies of animals, killed by a person or another animal
同义词集:
kill
上位: body, dead body
cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly;
同义词集:
kill
This man killed several people when he tried to rob a bank
The farmer killed a pig for the holidays
下位: annihilate, asphyxiate, assassinate, brain, bump off, butcher, carry off, decimate, destroy, dispatch, do in, draw, draw and quarter, drown, electrocute, eliminate, eradicate, erase, execute, exterminate, extinguish, fry, hit, impale, kill off, knock off, lapidate, liquidate, lynch, martyr, massacre, mow down, murder, neutralise, neutralize, off, overlay, overlie, pip, poison, polish off, put down, put to death, quarter, remove, saber, sabre, sacrifice, shoot, slaughter, slay, smother, stake, stone, strangle, strangulate, suffocate, throttle, tomahawk, vaporize, waste, wipe out, zap
参见: exterminate, kill off
cause the death of, without intention
同义词集:
kill
She was killed in the collision of three cars
deprive of life
同义词集:
kill
AIDS has killed thousands in Africa
hit with great force
同义词集:
kill
He killed the ball
上位: hit
hit with so much force as to make a return impossible, in racket games
同义词集:
kill
She killed the ball
上位: hit
overwhelm with hilarity, pleasure, or admiration
同义词集:
kill
The comedian was so funny, he was killing me!
上位: overcome, overpower, overtake, overwhelm, sweep over, whelm
be the source of great pain for
同义词集:
kill
These new shoes are killing me!
上位: ache, hurt, suffer
thwart the passage of;
同义词集:
kill
shoot down
defeat
vote down
vote out
kill a motion
he shot down the student's proposal
上位: blackball, negative, veto
be fatal;
同义词集:
kill
cigarettes kill
drunken driving kills
上位: be
🌳 词源
动词和相关名词来自中古英语,词源尚无定论,可能与表示“击打、伤害”或“杀死”的日耳曼语词有关。表示水道的名词来自荷兰语;姓氏则可能来自 Kilian、地名或意第绪语中表示“凉”的词。
From Middle English killen, kyllen, cüllen (“to strike, beat, cut”), of obscure origin. Cognate with Scots kele, keil (“to kill”).
* Perhaps from unattested Old English *cyllan, from Proto-West Germanic *kwulljan, from Proto-Germanic *kwuljaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to throw, hit, hurt by throwing”).
* Or, possibly a variant of Old English cwellan (“to kill, murder, execute”) (see quell).
* Or, from Old Norse kolla (“to hit on the head, harm”), related to Norwegian kylla (“to poll”), Middle Dutch kollen (“to knock down”), Icelandic kollur (“top, head”); see also coll, cole).
Compare also Saterland Frisian källe (“to hurt”), Middle Dutch kellen (“to kill, hurt”), Middle Low German kellen, killen (“to ache strongly, cause one great pain”) (whence German Low German kellen, killen (“to hurt, injure, torment, vex”)), Middle High German kellen (“to torment; torture”).
🔄 变式
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imperat
killed
1st_sg
killedst
archaic
killest
archaic
killeth
archaic
killing
present
Kills
plural
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