← 返回单词列表

keep

★★★★★

🇺🇸 /kˈip/ 🇬🇧 [kiːp]

name 编号: K00177 牛津3000 BNC #171 COCA #156

keep 的核心概念是“保持、看守并让某物继续处于某种状态”；它既可作动词表示维持、遵守和持续，也可作名词表示城堡主塔或生活供养等。

💡 记忆钩子

把 keep 想成一只手牢牢护住某样东西：护住状态，就是“保持、继续”；护住承诺，就是“遵守”；护住物品或人，就是“保管、供养”。这只被守住的地方后来也叫 keep，即城堡中受保护的主塔。

📝 学习建议

先掌握“保持/继续”以及“遵守承诺”两条主线，再学习表示“保存、保管”和各种固定结构的用法。
不要把 keep 一律理解成“拥有”；它常强调让某状态持续，例如“保持安静”或“继续做某事”。

📖 中文释义

name

common 姓氏

📖 Keep 是英语姓氏，通常作为人名的一部分出现。

💡 用于人名中，通常置于名字之后。它不是普通词义中的动词或名词用法，也不应仅凭拼写推断其具体含义。

Keeps plural

noun

core 城堡主塔

📖 在城堡或堡垒内部、城墙保护之中的主要高塔，通常是防守和居住的核心部分。

💡 常见模式是“the keep of a castle”或“a castle keep”。这是历史建筑义，现代日常谈话中不常用，且不能泛指所有城堡建筑。

countable historical uncountable

The soldiers gathered in the castle keep.

士兵们聚集在城堡主塔里。
common 生活供养

📖 指维持某人生活所需的食物、钱财或其他供养；也可以泛指维持健康生活的费用。

💡 常见模式是“work for one's keep”或“pay for someone's keep”。该义通常带有固定搭配色彩，不能直接把 keep 换成普通的“工资”或“收入”。

countable uncountable

He worked on the farm for his keep.

他在农场干活，以换取生活供养。
common 保存状态；状况

📖 指某物被保存或照料后的状态，尤其用于评价其保存得好不好。

💡 常见模式是“in good keep”或“in poor keep”。这是较老式或较少见的表达，现代英语中谈物品状态时通常会选用更直接的词。

countable uncountable

The old painting is still in good keep.

这幅旧画保存得仍然很好。
rare 固定盖件

📖 在工程或机械语境中，指用来把某个部件固定在位置上的盖子或卡件。

💡 通常出现在专业名词或技术说明中，不能按日常英语中的“保存”来理解。需要结合具体机械部件判断其所指对象。

countable uncountable
rare 看守；照料

📖 古旧用法，指看守、照料或留意某人某物，也可指承担这种责任。

💡 主要见于古英语、历史文本或仿古文体。现代英语中通常改用表示照料、看守或注意的常用词。

countable obsolete uncountable
rare 所负责看管之物

📖 古旧用法，指交由某人负责保管或照料的对象。

💡 只在古老或文学性文本中较可能遇到，现代交流中不宜主动使用。不要把它理解为普通的“保持”。

countable obsolete uncountable
rare 被供养的情妇

📖 旧式委婉说法，指在婚外关系中由对方供养、通常还存在性关系的女性。

💡 这是历史性、委婉且带成人内容的用法，现代英语中可能显得冒犯或过时。仅在理解历史文本时识别即可，不建议用于日常表达。

countable euphemistic obsolete uncountable

keeps plural

verb

core 保持；继续

📖 让某种行为、状态或做法持续下去，不中断或不放弃；这是 keep 最核心的用法之一。

💡 常见模式是“keep + 名词”或“keep + 形容词”，如表示保持安静或保有某物。它强调持续维持，不一定表示单纯拥有；否定句中注意不要机械译成“不要有”。

transitive

Please keep the door closed.

请让门保持关闭。

She kept her room tidy all week.

她整个星期都保持房间整洁。
core 遵守承诺

📖 按自己说过的话去做，不违背诺言或约定。

💡 常见模式是“keep one's word/promise”。这里的 keep 不是“把话保存起来”，而是让承诺有效并照约履行；宾语通常是 word、promise 等表示承诺的词。

transitive

He always keeps his promises.

他总是信守承诺。
common 保有；备有

📖 把某物留在自己手中或某个地方，使它继续作为储备、财物或可用物品存在。

💡 常见模式是“keep + 物品 + for用途”或“keep + 物品 + in地点”。它可以表示储存或备有，不一定表示永远不丢弃；谈借来的东西时也要根据语境区分“保留”和“归还”。

transitive

I keep some cash in my desk for emergencies.

我在桌子里放些现金，以备紧急情况使用。
common 使处于某状态

📖 把某人或某物放在并维持于特定环境、位置或状态中，通常是为了保护或管理。

💡 常见模式是“keep + 宾语 + 介词短语/形容词”。不要在这种结构里随意加介词；结构中的第二个成分说明被保持的地点或状态。

ditransitive transitive

Keep the medicine out of children's reach.

把药放在儿童够不到的地方。
rare 使留在某处

📖 古旧用法，指使某人留在家中或某处，不让其外出。

💡 主要见于古典或历史文本。现代英语通常会用更明确的表达说明某人被留在哪里或为什么不能外出。

archaic transitive
rare 处于某状态

📖 古旧不及物用法，指某人或某物持续处于某种状态或位置。

💡 现代英语中通常用“stay”或其他更具体的动词。遇到该义时要根据后文判断是“停留”还是“保持状态”，不要套用最常见的及物结构。

intransitive obsolete
core 持续做某事

📖 表示某个动作反复或连续进行，常带有“一直做下去”的意思。

💡 基本模式是“keep + 动词-ing”，不能在这里用动词原形表示持续动作。它常用于提醒、抱怨或描述习惯性重复，例如某人一直说话或一直尝试。

intransitive

She kept asking the same question.

她一直在问同一个问题。

Keep practicing and you will improve.

继续练习，你就会进步。
common 保持某状态

📖 不改变自己的姿势、动作或状态，继续维持原样。

💡 常见模式是“keep + 形容词”或“keep + 形容词/副词表示的状态”。它和“keep doing”不同：前者保持状态，后者持续进行动作。

copulative intransitive

Keep still while I take the picture.

我拍照时请保持不动。
rare 居住；经营

📖 英国旧式用法，指居住在某处或经营某种场所。

💡 属于过时的英国用法，现代英语中不要把它当作普通的“住”或“经营”来使用。通常只能根据历史语境辨认。

UK intransitive obsolete
rare 等待；守候

📖 古旧用法，指等待某人或留意其到来。

💡 现代英语一般改用“wait for”或“watch for”。只在旧文本中看到时按“守候”理解即可。

obsolete
common 担任板球守门员

📖 在板球运动中担任守门员，站在击球手身后的球门处接球和防守。

💡 通常用于板球报道，常见模式是“keep for + 球队/国家”。这是体育专门义，不要按一般的“保管”理解。

intransitive

She kept for her school team last season.

上个赛季她为校队担任板球守门员。
rare 留意；照料

📖 古旧用法，指小心留意某事或照料某人某物。

💡 现代英语通常用“take care”或“watch out”等表达。遇到该义时应结合上下文判断是“照料”还是“警惕留意”。

intransitive obsolete
rare 举行；开课

📖 过时用法，指会议、学校等正在举行或照常进行。

💡 现代英语中通常用“be in session”或“take place”。不要把现代 keep 直接用于表达“会议举行”。

intransitive obsolete
common 遵守；恪守

📖 按照规则、信仰、约定或义务去做，不偏离也不违反它们。

💡 常见模式是“keep + rule/law/faith”等。它与“keep a promise”相近，但宾语可以是规则、法律或信仰等更广泛的规范；不要只理解为“记住”。

transitive

Everyone must keep the rules.

每个人都必须遵守规则。
rare 常去；常出入

📖 较旧用法，指经常到访某个地方。

💡 属于过时或带文学色彩的用法，现代英语通常用“frequent”或“visit often”。不要把它和“保持某处”混为一谈。

broadly dated transitive
common 庆祝节日

📖 按照传统或宗教习惯庆祝、遵守某个节日或纪念日。

💡 常见模式是“keep + 节日/宗教日名称”。这是较正式或较传统的表达，日常口语常改用“celebrate”；它也可以强调遵守节日规定。

dated transitive

Many families keep the holiday with a special meal.

许多家庭用特别的餐食来庆祝这个节日。
rare 收好；放回原处

📖 新加坡英语用法，指把物品收起来或放回适当的位置。

💡 常见模式是“keep + 物品 + 地点”或直接说“keep it”。这是地区性用法，其他英语地区通常更常说“put away”或“put back”。

Singapore transitive

keeps present,singular,third-person keeping participle,present kept participle,past kept past keep first-person,present,singular kept first-person,past,singular keep present,second-person,singular keepest archaic,present,second-person,singular kept past,second-person,singular keptst archaic,past,second-person,singular keptest archaic,past,second-person,singular keepeth archaic,present,singular,third-person kept past,singular,third-person keep plural,present kept past,plural keep present,subjunctive kept past,subjunctive keep imperative,present - imperative,past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 25 组

prevent (food) from rotting;

同义词集: preserve keep

preserved meats

keep potatoes fresh

上位: cook, fix, make, prepare, ready 下位: can, conserve, corn, cure, freeze-dry, pickle, put up, salt, tin

prevent the action or expression of; ;

同义词集: restrain keep keep back hold back

hold back your anger

keep your cool

she struggled to restrain her impatience at the delays

下位: baffle, blink, blink away, check, confine, contain, control, curb, harness, hold, hold in, moderate, regulate, rein, rule, swallow, wink

stick to correctly or closely; ;

同义词集: observe keep maintain

The pianist kept time with the metronome

keep count

I cannot keep track of all my employees

maintain by writing regular records; ;

同义词集: keep maintain

keep a diary

maintain a record

keep notes

上位: enter, put down, record

supply with necessities and support; ;

同义词集: sustain keep maintain

She alone sustained her family

The money will sustain our good cause

There's little to earn and many to keep

上位: have, have got, hold 下位: carry, patronage

hold and prevent from leaving

同义词集: keep

The student was kept after school

上位: confine, detain

retain possession of;

同义词集: keep hold on

Can I keep my old stuffed animals?

She kept her maiden name after she married

反义: lose 上位: have, have got, hold 下位: deduct, deny, harbor, harbour, hive away, hold, hold back, keep back, lay in, preserve, put in, recoup, refuse, retain, salt away, save, stack away, stash away, store, withhold 参见: hold, hold back, keep back, retain, withhold

look after; be the keeper of; have charge of

同义词集: keep

He keeps the shop when I am gone

上位: have, have got, hold 下位: conserve, keep up, maintain, preserve

maintain for use and service;

同义词集: keep maintain

I keep a car in the countryside

She keeps an apartment in Paris for her shopping trips

上位: have, have got, hold

have as a supply; ;

同义词集: keep

I always keep batteries in the freezer

keep food for a week in the pantry

She keeps a sixpack and a week's worth of supplies in the refrigerator

上位: have, have got, hold

store or keep customarily

同义词集: keep

Where do you keep your gardening tools?

上位: store

retain rights to; ;

同义词集: keep open hold open keep save

keep my job for me while I give birth

keep my seat, please

keep open the possibility of a merger

上位: book, hold, reserve

allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature; ; ; ; ; ;

同义词集: retain continue keep keep on

We cannot continue several servants any longer

She retains a lawyer

The family's fortune waned and they could not keep their household staff

Our grant has run out and we cannot keep you on

We kept the work going as long as we could

She retained her composure

this garment retains its shape even after many washings

上位: keep up, prolong, sustain

stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state; ;

同义词集: prevent keep

We must prevent the cancer from spreading

His snoring kept me from falling asleep

Keep the child from eating the marbles

反义: allow, let, permit 下位: blank, defend, exclude, hinder, hold, impede, keep out, restrain, restrict, shut, shut out

behave as expected during of holidays or rites; ;

同义词集: observe celebrate keep

Keep the commandments

celebrate Christmas

Observe Yom Kippur

下位: commemorate, mark, mourn

conform one's action or practice to; ;

同义词集: observe keep

keep appointments

she never keeps her promises

We kept to the original conditions of the contract

反义: breach, break, go against, infract, offend, transgress, violate

supply with room and board;

同义词集: keep

He is keeping three women in the guest cottage

keep boarders

上位: accommodate, lodge

raise;

同义词集: keep

She keeps a few chickens in the yard

he keeps bees

上位: farm, grow, produce, raise 下位: herd

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., `keep clean'; ;

同义词集: keep maintain hold

hold in place

She always held herself as a lady

The students keep me on my toes

下位: bear on, carry on, conserve, continue, distance, preserve, uphold 参见: arrest, avoid, check, contain, delay, detain, endure, exclude, go, hold back, hold out, hold up, isolate, keep apart, keep down, keep off, keep out, keep up, last, live, live on, number, prolong, resist, sequester, sequestrate, set apart, shut, shut out, stand firm, stop, survive, sustain, turn back, withstand

continue a certain state, condition, or activity; ; ;

同义词集: continue go on proceed go along keep

Keep on working!

We continued to work into the night

Keep smiling

We went on working until well past midnight

反义: discontinue 上位: act, move 下位: hold, ride

maintain in safety from injury, harm, or danger

同义词集: keep preserve

May God keep you

上位: protect

fail to spoil or rot

同义词集: keep stay fresh

These potatoes keep for a long time

上位: remain, rest, stay

a cell in a jail or prison

同义词集: hold keep

上位: cell, jail cell, prison cell

the main tower within the walls of a medieval castle or fortress

同义词集: keep donjon dungeon

上位: fastness, stronghold

the financial means whereby one lives; ;

同义词集: support keep livelihood living bread and butter sustenance

each child was expected to pay for their keep

he applied to the state for support

he could no longer earn his own livelihood

上位: resource 下位: amenities, comforts, conveniences, creature comforts, maintenance, subsistence

🌳 词源

动词源自中古英语 kepen，和“看守、照料、留意”有关；名词由该动词派生。姓氏义另有来源说明不足。

From Middle English kepen (“to keep, guard, look after, watch”), from Old English cēpan (“to seize, hold, observe”), from Proto-West Germanic *kōpijan, from Proto-Germanic *kōpijaną (“to look, heed, watch, observe”) (compare West Frisian kypje (“to look”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵab-, *ǵāb- (“to look after”) (compare Lithuanian žẽbti (“to eat reluctantly”), Russian забо́та (zabóta, “care, worry”)). The dialectal sense of the verb meaning “to put back” or “put away” may be analyzed as a semantic loan from a local language—compare Welsh cadw and Mandarin 收 (shōu).

🔄 变式

- imperat keepest archaic keepeth archaic keeping present Keeps plural kept 1st_sg keptest archaic keptst archaic

🏷 单词标签 & 词根