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increase
★★★★★
🇺🇸 /ˌɪnkɹˈis/
表示数量、程度或规模变大;作名词时还可指增加的量、增加过程,以及历史上的男性名字“约瑟夫”。
💡 记忆钩子
核心画面是“东西往上长”:数量自己变大是动词“增加”,让数量变大也是“增加”;变大的幅度或过程就是名词“增加”,长出新的后代则引申为“繁殖”。名字义是另一条词源线,来自表示“增添、增加”的希伯来名字约瑟夫。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握动词的两种基本用法:数量自己增加,以及某人或某事使数量增加;再学习名词用法。
- 不要只把它机械记成“增加的数量”,它也可以表示“增加这一过程”,并且在少数语境中表示后代或针织中的加针。
📖 中文释义
name
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rare 男性名字📖 历史上的男性名字“约瑟夫”,与普通的“增加”义不是同一个日常用法。historical
noun
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core 增加的量📖 指某个数量比原来多出来的部分,重点是“增加了多少”。例如风险、价格或人数的上升幅度都可以这样说。💡 常用结构是“an increase in + 数量或领域”或“an increase of + 增加的数值”。作可数名词时常指一次具体的上升,作不可数名词时可泛指增加现象。中文使用者容易漏掉前面的冠词,或把“增加了多少”误写成表示过程的结构。countable uncountableThere was a sharp increase in food prices this year.今年食品价格大幅上涨。
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core 增加过程📖 指数量、程度或规模逐渐变大的过程,重点是“变大这件事”,而不只是最后多出来的数额。💡 常用结构是“an increase in + 名词”来描述某种变化过程,也可和“gradual、steady、rapid”等词搭配。它通常描述趋势或变化,不表示具体执行增加动作的人。表达具体“使某物增加”时,应改用动词。countable uncountableThe increase in traffic has made the roads much noisier.交通量的增加使道路变得吵闹多了。
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common 后代;繁殖出的个体📖 指生物繁殖后产生的新个体,也就是后代;这里仍可联想到“不断长出新的成员”。这个义项比“增加”义少见,常见于较正式或讨论繁殖的语境。💡 通常用“the increase of + 生物”或“increase”与表示后代的词搭配,具体表达要根据上下文判断。该义项偏正式,日常英语通常直接说“后代”或“繁殖”。不要把所有表示数量增加的句子都理解成生物后代。countable uncountableThe farm carefully recorded the increase of its sheep each spring.这个农场每年春天都会仔细记录羊群新增的数量。
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rare 加针📖 在针织术语中,指新做出一个或多个针目,使织物的针目数量增加。countable uncountable
increases
plural
verb
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core 变得更多或更大📖 指数量、程度或规模自己变大,画面是东西沿着“往上长”的方向发展。主语是发生变化的事物,而不是使它变化的人。💡 常用句型是“数量或程度 + increase”,也可说“increase by + 数值”或“increase to + 总数”。这是不及物用法,后面不能直接接被增加的对象。中文使用者容易把它和及物用法混用,想表达“使价格上涨”时要改用及物结构。intransitiveHer confidence increased after she passed the exam.她通过考试后信心增强了。The temperature increased by five degrees overnight.一夜之间气温升高了五度。
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core 使变得更多或更大📖 指主动让某个数量、程度或规模变大,也就是把“往上长”施加到另一个对象上。主语是造成变化的人、组织或事物。💡 常用句型是“increase + 名词”,如增加产量、费用或效率;说明增加幅度用“increase + 名词 + by + 数值”。说明增加后的目标总量时用“increase + 名词 + to + 数值”。不要在已经有直接宾语时再随意加介词“to”。transitiveThe company increased production to meet demand.公司提高了产量以满足需求。We need to increase the budget by ten percent.我们需要把预算增加百分之十。
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common 繁殖;多产📖 指通过生育产生新的个体,使种群不断增加;这是“长出更多成员”这一核心画面的生物学用法。💡 通常以动物、植物或其他生物作主语,常用于正式、生物学或历史语境。它可以描述生物有繁殖能力,也可以描述数量因繁殖而增加。日常谈论人或动物时,通常使用更直接的“繁殖”或“生育”表达。Rabbits increase quickly when food is plentiful.食物充足时,兔子繁殖得很快。
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rare 月亮渐圆📖 在天文学的旧式表达中,指月亮逐渐显露更多表面、变得更圆;可以看作月面“越来越长出来”。intransitive
increases
present,singular,third-person
increasing
participle,present
increased
participle,past
increased
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 7 组
make bigger or more;
同义词集:
increase
The boss finally increased her salary
The university increased the number of students it admitted
反义: decrease, lessen, minify
上位: alter, change, modify
下位: advance, amplify, augment, blow up, boost, broaden, build, build up, enlarge, escalate, expand, extend, heighten, inflate, intensify, kite, lengthen, magnify, manifold, maximise, maximize, multiply, raise, ramp up, regenerate, rev, rev up, rise, step up, stretch, supercharge, up, widen, work up
become bigger or greater in amount
同义词集:
increase
The amount of work increased
反义: decrease, diminish, fall, lessen
下位: accrue, accumulate, add, amass, appreciate, apprise, apprize, broaden, climb, compound, conglomerate, crescendo, cumulate, deepen, explode, full, gain, gather, grow, heighten, intensify, irrupt, mount, pile up, pyramid, revalue, rise, snowball, spike, swell, wax, widen
the act of increasing something
同义词集:
increase
step-up
he gave me an increase in salary
反义: decrease, diminution, reduction, step-down
下位: accrual, accruement, accumulation, addition, advance, aggrandisement, aggrandizement, amplification, appreciation, augmentation, elevation, enlargement, escalation, exaggeration, expanding upon, expansion, inclusion, intensification, rise, split, split up, stock split, strengthening, surge, upsurge
the amount by which something increases
同义词集:
increase
increment
they proposed an increase of 15 percent in the fare
反义: decrease, decrement
上位: amount
下位: amplification, boost, cost increase, gain, hike, raise, rise, salary increase, supplement, supplementation, wage hike, wage increase
a change resulting in an increase
同义词集:
increase
the increase is scheduled for next month
反义: decrease, drop-off, lessening
上位: alteration, change, modification
下位: augmentation, concentration, explosion, jump, leap, run-up, runup, waxing
a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important;
同义词集:
increase
increment
growth
the increase in unemployment
the growth of population
反义: decrease, decrement
上位: physical process, process
下位: accession, accretion, accumulation, broadening, multiplication, proliferation, relaxation, widening
a quantity that is added;
同义词集:
addition
increase
gain
there was an addition to property taxes this year
they recorded the cattle's gain in weight over a period of weeks
下位: accretion
🌳 词源
动词和普通名词义来自中古英语,最终源自拉丁语中表示“生长、增加”的词。名字义是希伯来名字约瑟夫的意译。
From Middle English encresen, borrowed from Anglo-Norman encreistre, from Latin increscere (“to increase”), from in (“in, on”) + crescō (“grow”).
The noun is from Middle English encres, from the verb.
🔄 变式
increased
past
increases
plural
increasing
present
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