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help
★★★★★
🇺🇸 /hˈɛlp/
🇬🇧 /hɛlp/
help 的核心是“提供帮助、让事情变得更容易”。它既可以作动词表示帮助,也可以作名词表示帮助、援助或提供帮助的人或工具,还可以作感叹词表示紧急求助。
💡 记忆钩子
想象一个人伸手把别人从困难中拉出来:伸手这个动作是动词 help,伸出的援手或帮手是名词 help,遇到危险时大喊 Help! 是求助;因此“忍不住做某事”中的 can't help 也可理解为无法把自己的反应控制住。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“帮助某人做某事”和“需要帮助”这两个核心用法,再学习 help 表示软件帮助、帮助材料等引申义。
- 不要把 help 只理解成“救命”;日常语境中它通常只是普通的“帮忙”。注意“帮助某人做某事”通常说 help someone do something 或 help someone to do something,而不是机械地逐字套用中文结构。
📖 中文释义
intj
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core 救命;帮帮我📖 人在危险、痛苦或无法独自应付时喊出的求助声,相当于大声说“快来帮我”。💡 直接说“Help!”或“Help me!”来求助,也可以说“Help, someone!”来呼喊周围的人。这是强烈而紧急的感叹词,不适合普通的小忙请求。语气和场景比句子是否完整更重要。Help! I can't get out of this room.救命!我出不了这个房间了。
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common 笑死我了📖 网络聊天中故意夸张地喊“救命”,表示某件事太好笑,自己快笑得受不了了,并不是真的遇险。💡 常见于聊天开头,如“Help, that's so funny!”或把 help 的字母拉长。它属于非正式网络表达,通常带有夸张和玩笑意味。不要把这种用法用于正式写作或真正的紧急情况。InternetHelpppp, that video is too funny!救命,那段视频也太好笑了!
noun
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core 帮助;援助📖 为了让某人完成事情、摆脱困难或解决问题而提供的援助,是名词 help 最基本的意思。💡 常用“need help with something”“ask for help”和“give someone help”这样的结构。这里的 help 通常不可数,不说“a help”来表示一般意义的帮助。要表达一次具体的援助,可以根据语境说“a bit of help”或使用更具体的名词。uncountable usuallyI need some help with my homework.我的家庭作业需要一些帮助。
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common 帮手;有帮助的东西📖 指某个人或某样东西本身能为完成任务提供帮助,因此可以说某人或某物“很有帮助”。💡 常用“be a great help to someone”表示“对某人很有帮助”。这里的 help 仍通常不加冠词,重点是它带来的作用,而不是把对象正式命名为“助手”。若要明确指一名助手,通常使用更具体的词。uncountable usuallyYour advice was a great help to me.你的建议对我帮助很大。
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common 帮助文档📖 在软件或电子设备中,help 指可以打开查看的说明资料,用来教用户怎样使用功能或解决问题。💡 计算机语境中常用“the help”或“the help menu”,表示软件里的帮助系统或帮助菜单。它通常是不可数名词,不要把它误解成有人正在亲自帮忙。正式技术说明中也常用它指整套在线帮助文档。uncountable usuallyYou can find the answer in the program's help.你可以在这个程序的帮助文档里找到答案。
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rare 学习辅助材料📖 指帮助学习或解题的资料、提示或辅助工具,是从“提供帮助”具体化出来的用法。💡 这个意思通常出现在特定教育语境中,并且可以把 help 当作可数名词使用。日常英语里更自然的说法往往是“study aid”或直接说具体的资料名称。不要把它和普通不可数的 help 混为一谈。countable usually
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rare 家务或农场雇工📖 旧式用法中,help 可以统称受雇来做家务、照料房屋或在农场和企业工作的人员。💡 常见结构是“the help”,但这种说法如今显得过时,有时还会让人觉得把工作人员简单归类。现代语境中应根据工作说“domestic worker”“employee”等更具体、更尊重的称呼。学习者不宜在普通交谈中主动使用这一义项。uncountable usually
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common 求助;支持📖 指为解决严重或反复出现的问题而接受的心理、医疗、社会或训练方面的支持,核心仍是帮助人摆脱困境。💡 常用“ask for help”“get help”和“a cry for help”等结构。它可以指专业支持,也可以指向亲友求助,具体范围由上下文决定。涉及心理健康或危险时,语气通常比普通的“帮个忙”更严肃。uncountable usuallyShe finally asked for help with her anxiety.她终于为自己的焦虑寻求帮助。
helps
plural
noun
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rare 冷水中的保温蜷缩姿势📖 指人在冷水中抱膝蜷缩、尽量减少身体散热的一种求生姿势,和普通的“帮助”没有关系。💡 通常出现在救生说明或训练材料中,和“take the position”等结构连用。它是专门缩写,不是日常名词,也不能根据普通 help 的意思来猜。一般学习者只需识别其含义,无须主动使用。abbreviation alt-of initialism uncountable
verb
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core 帮助某人或某物📖 主动提供力量、时间、知识或行动,使某人或某物更容易完成任务或解决问题。💡 常用“help someone do something”“help someone to do something”或“help with something”。help 后接动词时,英语中常省略 to,不能说成“help someone doing”来表达通常的帮助。宾语可以是人,也可以是需要改进或完成的事情。transitiveCan you help me carry these boxes?你能帮我搬这些箱子吗?
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common 帮人取食物或饮料📖 在用餐场合,指替别人把食物或饮料拿到面前,属于“帮助某人得到某物”的具体用法。💡 常见结构是“help someone to something”,尤其用于把食物或饮料递给客人。这里的 to 不能随意省略,因为它引出所提供的食物或饮料。这个用法较正式或较受地域影响,普通场景也常直接说“serve”或“get someone something”。transitiveLet me help you to some more soup.我再给你盛些汤吧。
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common 有助于促成📖 某个因素虽然不是直接完成动作,却让某种结果更容易出现,相当于“对……起作用”。💡 常用“help do something”或“help something do something”,也可说“help to do something”。主语通常是方法、条件或事物,而不是主动伸手帮忙的人。不要把它误解成主语亲自完成了后面的动作。transitiveFresh air helps me sleep better.新鲜空气有助于我睡得更好。
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core 帮忙📖 不说明具体帮助对象或内容,只表示主动提供援助;常用于回应请求或提出帮忙。💡 常见于“offer to help”“need someone to help”和“help!”等结构。单独使用时,help 后面不必带宾语,因为上下文已经说明要帮什么。不要为了对应中文“帮助某人”而强行添加没有必要的宾语。intransitiveI saw her carrying too many bags and offered to help.我看到她提着太多袋子,就主动提出帮忙。
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core 忍不住;无法避免📖 在否定或疑问语境中,表示人无法控制自己不去做某事,或无法避免注意到某事;核心仍是“无法把反应控制住”。💡 最重要的模板是“can't help doing something”,也可以说“can't help but do something”。这里的 help 不是“帮助”,而是“控制住、避免”;不能说“can't help to do”来表达忍不住。这个结构常带有无奈、尴尬或承认事实的语气。transitiveI couldn't help laughing at his impression of the teacher.我忍不住笑了,因为他模仿老师的样子太逗了。
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rare 替某人办理或购买📖 在部分地区的英语中,指替别人做一件具体的事,例如代买东西;可以看作把“提供帮助”扩展成“替人办事”。💡 常见结构是“help someone do something”,但这里的重点是替对方完成事务。这个用法带有明显的地域色彩,在更广泛的英语中可能会被理解为普通的协助。为避免歧义,可以直接说“buy something for someone”或“run an errand for someone”。Hong-Kong Singapore
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rare 请帮忙;表示不满📖 部分地区的口语祈使用法,用来带着不耐烦、失望或恼火的语气表示“真受不了”或“拜托了”。💡 通常单独用于句首的祈使语气,表达情绪而不一定是在请求实际援助。它属于地域性很强的非正式口语,正式英语和多数英语地区不宜照搬。学习者看到时应结合上下文判断它是在求助还是在发牢骚。Singapore Singlish imperative
helps
present,singular,third-person
helping
participle,present
helped
past
holp
archaic,past
helped
participle,past
holp
archaic,participle,past
holpen
archaic,participle,past
help
first-person,present,singular
helped
first-person,past,singular
holp
archaic,first-person,past,singular
help
present,second-person,singular
helpest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
helped
past,second-person,singular
helpedst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
holp
archaic,past,second-person,singular
helpeth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
helped
past,singular,third-person
holp
archaic,past,singular,third-person
help
plural,present
helped
past,plural
holp
archaic,past,plural
help
present,subjunctive
helped
past,subjunctive
holp
archaic,past,subjunctive
help
imperative,present
-
imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 12 组
improve the condition of
同义词集:
help
aid
These pills will help the patient
上位: ameliorate, amend, better, improve, meliorate
下位: benefit, bring around, cure, do good, heal
improve; change for the better
同义词集:
help
New slipcovers will help the old living room furniture
上位: ameliorate, amend, better, improve, meliorate
help to some food; help with food or drink
同义词集:
serve
help
I served him three times, and after that he helped himself
上位: cater, ply, provide, supply
take or use
同义词集:
avail
help
She helped herself to some of the office supplies
上位: exploit, work
the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose; ; ;
同义词集:
aid
assist
assistance
help
he gave me an assist with the housework
could not walk without assistance
rescue party went to their aid
offered his help in unloading
上位: activity
下位: accommodation, boost, comfort, encouragement, facilitation, hand, helping hand, lift, ministration, recourse, refuge, relief, resort, self-help, service, succor, succour, support, thanks
give help or assistance; be of service; ;
同义词集:
help
assist
aid
Everyone helped out during the earthquake
Can you help me carry this table?
She never helps around the house
上位: back up, support
下位: alleviate, assist, attend, attend to, avail, bootstrap, care, ease, expedite, facilitate, give care, hasten, serve, wait on
contribute to the furtherance of
同义词集:
help
This money will help the development of literacy in developing countries
上位: advance, boost, encourage, further, promote
abstain from doing; always used with a negative;
同义词集:
help oneself
help
I can't help myself--I have to smoke
She could not help watching the sad spectacle
上位: forbear, refrain
be of use
同义词集:
help
facilitate
This will help to prevent accidents
上位: serve
a means of serving;
同义词集:
avail
help
service
of no avail
there's no help for it
a person or thing that is a resource that helps make something easier or possible to do;
同义词集:
aid
assistance
help
visual aids in teaching
his job was to give technical assistance over the phone
上位: resource
a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose;
同义词集:
assistant
helper
help
supporter
my invaluable assistant
they hired additional help to finish the work
上位: worker
下位: accomplice, actor's assistant, aide, attendant, attender, auxiliary, cat's-paw, confederate, deputy, dresser, enforcer, facilitator, fashion model, foot soldier, hatchet man, instrument, lieutenant, manakin, manikin, mannequin, mannikin, model, pawn, poser, secretarial assistant, secretary, subordinate, subsidiary, tender, underling
🌳 词源
名词和动词都源自古英语,最初都表示“帮助、援助、救济”;感叹词则由动词的求助用法发展而来。
From Middle English helpen, from Old English helpan (“to help, aid, assist, benefit, relieve, cure”), from Proto-West Germanic *helpan, Proto-Germanic *helpaną (“to help”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱelb-, *ḱelp- (“to help”).
Cognate with North Frisian halep, heelpe, help (“to help”), Saterland Frisian hälpe (“to help”), West Frisian helpe (“to help”), Cimbrian hölfan (“to help”), Dutch helpen (“to help”), German helfen (“to help”), Low German helpen, hölpen, hülpen (“to help”), Luxembourgish hëllefen (“to help”), Yiddish העלפֿן (helfn, “to help”), Danish hjælpe (“to help”), Faroese and Icelandic hjálpa (“to help”), Norwegian Bokmål hjelpe (“to help”), Norwegian Nynorsk hjelpa, hjelpe (“to help”), Swedish hjälpa (“to help”), Gothic 𐌷𐌹𐌻𐍀𐌰𐌽 (hilpan, “to help”), Lithuanian šelpti (“to help, support”).
🔄 变式
-
imperat
helped
1st_sg
helpedst
archaic
helpest
archaic
helpeth
archaic
helping
present
helps
plural
holp
archaic
holpen
archaic
🏷 单词标签 & 词根