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gain

★★★★

🇺🇸 /ɡˈeɪn/

adj 编号: G00062 牛津3000 BNC #1113 COCA #1253

gain 主要表示“获得、增加、取得优势或进展”，也可作名词表示“收益、获得的东西”，并有少数技术和专门用法。它还可以是姓氏。

💡 记忆钩子

把 gain 想成“向自己这边多拿到一点”：可以拿到东西或好处，因而取得胜利、变得更强、体重增加，也可以在追赶中逐渐靠近目标，最后到达某处。名词 gain 就是这种“拿到的好处或增加的量”；技术上则表示让信号变强的倍数。

📝 学习建议

先掌握动词“获得、取得进展”和名词“收益、增加量”，再学习“追上、到达、增重”等延伸用法。
不要把 gain 只理解成“赚钱”；它也常表示获得朋友、优势、经验、力量或进展。
表示体重增加时，gain 通常需要结合体重或数量语境理解，不要机械地译成“获得”。

📖 中文释义

adj

rare 直接的；近的

📖 表示路线或方向直接、距离较近，或需要经过的路程较短，是方言或古旧用法。

dialectal obsolete
rare 合适的；方便的

📖 表示某事物适合使用、安排方便或已经准备妥当，属于方言或古旧用法。

dialectal obsolete
rare 容易的；顺手的

📖 表示事情做起来容易、可以忍受，或某人手脚灵活，是方言用法。

dialectal
rare 体面的；适中的

📖 表示人或事物诚实体面，或价格、程度适中，属于方言用法。

dialectal

more gain comparative most gain superlative

adv

rare 直接地；迅速地

📖 表示用最近的路线或方法直接、快速地完成某事，是方言或古旧用法。

dialectal obsolete
rare 合适地；方便地

📖 表示做事合适、方便、灵巧或程度适中，属于方言用法。

dialectal
rare 还算；相当

📖 表示某种程度上还可以、尚能接受，是方言用法。

dialectal

more gain comparative most gain superlative

name

common 姓氏

📖 Gain 可以作为英语、苏格兰语或法语姓氏使用；在姓名中表示家族姓，而不是“获得”这个动作。

💡 通常放在名字前后取决于姓名体系和具体人的习惯，书写时首字母大写。看到它出现在人名中时，应先判断它是不是姓氏，再决定是否解释普通词义。

Dr. Gain will lead the research team.

盖恩博士将带领研究团队。

Gains plural

noun

core 获得；收益

📖 表示获得某种好处、利益或成果的过程，重点是“得到并因此有所收获”。

💡 常见模式是 gain from something，表示“从某事中获益”，也可说 the gain of something，表示“获得某物”。不要把它只限于金钱收益，它也可以指经验、优势或其他好处。

countable uncountable

The company saw a gain in efficiency after the changes.

改动后，这家公司在效率方面有所提高。

She made a steady gain in confidence.

她的自信心稳步提高了。
common 所得；收益

📖 表示已经获得的利益、成果或财物，也就是“拿到手的收获”。

💡 常见模式是 financial gains、personal gains 或 share the gains；谈具体多项收益时常用复数 gains。它通常强调所得，不一定表示违法或不正当获利。

countable uncountable

The gains from the project will be shared by the team.

项目的收益将由团队成员分享。
rare 信号增益

📖 在电子和通信技术中，表示信号被放大的倍数或放大程度，是专门术语。

💡 常见模式是 adjust the gain、increase the gain 或 signal gain，通常和设备、信号或放大器一起使用。这个意义不能按日常的“收益”来理解。

countable uncountable

gains plural

noun

rare 承梁缺口

📖 在建筑或木工中，指支撑楼板梁的木材或大梁上切出的方形或斜面缺口，用来嵌入另一根梁的末端。

gains plural

prep

rare 反对；对着

📖 表示与某物相对或反对，属于古旧用法，现代英语中通常不用它表达这个意思。

obsolete

verb

core 获得；取得

📖 表示得到原来没有的东西、关系、机会或地位，核心画面是把某物收入自己这边。

💡 常见模式是 gain experience、gain access、gain a reputation 或 gain a new friend。它通常强调经过过程后获得，不只是瞬间拿到；表示普通收到物品时，receive 往往更自然。

transitive

She gained valuable experience during the internship.

她在实习期间获得了宝贵的经验。

He quickly gained the trust of his colleagues.

他很快赢得了同事们的信任。
core 获益；取得进展

📖 表示获得优势、利益，或在健康、能力、事业等方面逐渐进步；也可指变得富有或幸福。

💡 常见模式是 gain an advantage、gain ground、gain strength 和 gain from something。表示逐渐进步时常和 in 连用，如 gain in confidence；不要误以为它只表示金钱上的获利。

intransitive

The team gained confidence after winning the first game.

球队赢下第一场比赛后信心增强了。

Small businesses can gain from better online services.

小企业可以从更好的在线服务中获益。
common 赢得；在竞争中获胜

📖 表示通过比赛、竞争或法律争议取得胜利，重点是把结果赢到自己这边。

💡 常见模式是 gain a victory、gain the advantage 或 gain a case；在现代日常英语中，win 通常比 gain a battle 更自然。这个意义常用于较正式或较旧的表达。

dated transitive

The candidate gained a decisive victory in the election.

这名候选人在选举中取得了决定性胜利。
common 增加；增长

📖 表示数量、程度、力量、技能等变多或变强，仍然保留“得到更多”的核心感觉。

💡 常见模式是 gain strength、gain speed、gain popularity 或 gain two points；gain 后面通常直接接增加的量或性质。表示一般物体变大时，increase 可能更中性，而 gain 常暗示得到积极结果。

transitive

The runner gained speed on the final stretch.

这名跑步者在最后一段路程中加快了速度。
common 逐渐追近

📖 表示在追赶中逐渐缩小与某人或某物的距离，变得更有可能追上。

💡 常见模式是 gain on someone 或 gain ground on someone，介词不能随意省略。gain on 表示逐渐接近，不能简单理解成已经超过；描述普通靠近时，approach 更直接。

intransitive often with-on

The cyclist was gaining on the leader near the finish.

接近终点时，这名自行车手正在逐渐追近领先者。
common 到达；登上

📖 表示经过行动后到达某个地点或高度，把目标位置“取得”到手。

💡 常见模式是 gain the summit、gain the shore 或 gain access to a place；这个用法较正式，日常谈到达通常用 reach 或 get to。gain 后面直接接地点，不要加 to。

transitive

The hikers gained the summit just before sunset.

徒步者在日落前登上了山顶。
rare 争取到；使支持

📖 表示通过说服或安抚把某人争取到自己这一方，属于较旧或较正式的用法。
common 体重增加

📖 表示人的体重变重，是“增加”这个核心意义在身体重量上的具体用法。

💡 常见模式是 gain weight、gain five kilos 或 gain a little；通常不说 gain on its own 来明确表示增重，除非上下文已经说明体重。描述不希望出现的体重增加时，可用 put on weight。

intransitive

I gained a few kilos during the holidays.

我假期里胖了几公斤。
rare 快速奔跑

📖 表示快速跑动，是古旧或边缘用法，可看作迅速向目标前进。

gains present,singular,third-person gaining participle,present gained participle,past gained past gain first-person,present,singular gained first-person,past,singular gain'd archaic,first-person,past,singular gain present,second-person,singular gainest archaic,present,second-person,singular gained past,second-person,singular gainedst archaic,past,second-person,singular gain'd archaic,past,second-person,singular gaineth archaic,present,singular,third-person gained past,singular,third-person gain'd archaic,past,singular,third-person gain plural,present gained past,plural gain'd archaic,past,plural gain present,subjunctive gained past,subjunctive gain'd archaic,past,subjunctive gain imperative,present - imperative,past gain'd archaic,participle,past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 13 组

increase (one's body weight)

同义词集: gain put on

She gained 20 pounds when she stopped exercising

反义: melt off, reduce, slenderize, slim, slim down, thin 上位: change state, turn 下位: fill out, flesh out, round

increase or develop;

同义词集: gain gather

the peace movement gained momentum

the car gathers speed

上位: increase

rise in rate or price

同义词集: advance gain

The stock market gained 24 points today

上位: climb, mount, rise, wax

obtain advantages, such as points, etc.; ;

同义词集: gain advance win pull ahead make headway get ahead gain ground

The home team was gaining ground

After defeating the Knicks, the Blazers pulled ahead of the Lakers in the battle for the number-one playoff berth in the Western Conference

win points

下位: hit, rack up, score, steal, tally

reach a destination, either real or abstract; ; ;

同义词集: reach make attain hit arrive at gain

We hit Detroit by noon

The water reached the doorstep

We barely made it to the finish line

I have to hit the MAC machine before the weekend starts

下位: access, breast, culminate, find, get at, ground, make, peak, run aground, scale, summit, surmount, top, top out

win something through one's efforts; ;

同义词集: acquire win gain

I acquired a passing knowledge of Chinese

Gain an understanding of international finance

win someone's confidence and friendship

反义: lose 上位: acquire, get

earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages; ; ;

同义词集: gain take in clear make earn realize realise pull in bring in

How much do you make a month in your new job?

She earns a lot in her new job

this merger brought in lots of money

He clears $5,000 each month

上位: acquire, get 下位: bear, gross, pay, profit, turn a profit, yield

derive a benefit from

同义词集: profit gain benefit

She profited from his vast experience

上位: acquire, get 下位: capitalise, capitalize, clear, net, pyramid, sack, sack up, take advantage

obtain

同义词集: derive gain

derive pleasure from one's garden

上位: obtain 下位: draw, reap

the amount of increase in signal power or voltage or current expressed as the ratio of output to input

同义词集: amplification gain

上位: increase, increment

the advantageous quality of being beneficial

同义词集: profit gain

上位: advantage, vantage 下位: account, gainfulness, lucrativeness, profitability, profitableness

the amount by which the revenue of a business exceeds its cost of operating

同义词集: gain

反义: loss, red, red ink 上位: amount, amount of money, sum, sum of money

a quantity that is added;

同义词集: addition increase gain

there was an addition to property taxes this year

they recorded the cattle's gain in weight over a period of weeks

下位: accretion

🌳 词源

动词和名词源自表示“利益、好处、回返”的古代日耳曼语词根；“向自己这边得到好处”的核心意义逐渐扩展为获得、增加和进展。

From Middle English gayn, gain, gein (“profit, advantage”), from Old Norse gagn (“benefit, advantage, use”), from Proto-Germanic *gagną, *gaganą (“gain, profit", literally "return”), from Proto-Germanic *gagana (“back, against, in return”), a reduplication of Proto-Germanic *ga- (“with, together”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“next to, at, with, along”). Cognate with Icelandic gagn (“gain, advantage, use”), Swedish gagn (“benefit, profit”), Danish gavn (“gain, profit, success”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (gageigan, “to gain, profit”), Old Norse gegn (“ready”), dialectal Swedish gen (“useful, noteful”), Latin cum (“with”); see gain-, again, against. Compare also Middle English gaynen, geinen (“to be of use, profit, avail”), Icelandic and Swedish gagna (“to avail, help”), Danish gavne (“to benefit”). The Middle English word was reinforced by Middle French gain (“gain, profit, advancement, cultivation”), from Old French gaaing, gaaigne, gaigne, a noun derivative of gaaignier, gaigner (“to till, earn, win”), from Frankish *waiþanōn (“to pasture, graze, hunt for food”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *waiþiz, *waiþō, *waiþijō (“pasture, field, hunting ground”); compare Old High German weidōn, weidanōn (“to hunt, forage for food”) (Modern German Weide (“pasture”)), Old Norse veiða (“to catch, hunt”), Old English wǣþan (“to hunt, chase, pursue”). Related to wide.

🔄 变式

- imperat gain'd archaic gained 1st_sg gainedst archaic gainest archaic gaineth archaic gaining present Gains plural more gain compar most gain superl

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