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fight

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🇺🇸 /fˈaɪt/ 🇬🇧 /faɪt/
noun 编号: F00731 牛津3000 BNC #917 COCA #676
fight既可表示“打斗、战斗”这件事，也可表示为目标或立场而进行的斗争；作动词时还可表示参加战斗、努力争取或对抗某种问题。
💡 记忆钩子
把fight想成“迎着阻力上去对抗”：人和人迎面打，是打架或战斗；拳击手在场上对抗，是一场比赛；为了目标、正义或改变而迎难而上，就成了非身体上的斗争。作为动词，它既能表示自己战斗，也能表示为某事努力、与问题对抗。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握“打架、战斗”和“为目标奋斗”两条主线，再学习体育比赛及设计元素冲突等较具体用法。
  • fight不只表示身体冲突；在fight for a cause中通常是“为某事奋斗”，在fight against corruption中是“对抗某事”，不要一律理解成“打架”。
📖 中文释义
noun
  • core 打斗；冲突
    📖 指发生在某个时间和地点的一次打斗或冲突，通常涉及身体上的攻击，也可以泛指一场激烈争斗。
    💡 常用“get into a fight”“break up a fight”表示“卷入打斗”“制止打斗”。说具体的一场冲突时通常用可数形式a fight；不要把它误当成只表示正式战争的词。
    countable uncountable
    The police arrived just after the fight ended.
    警察在打斗刚结束后赶到了。
    They got into a fight outside the restaurant.
    他们在餐馆外打了起来。
  • rare 战役；战斗
    📖 指敌对军队之间的战斗或战役，是较旧式、较少见的用法。
    💡 现代英语通常说battle或combat，而不是用fight来正式指一场军事战役。这个义项多见于历史性或文学性语境，不宜作为普通军事表达的首选。
    archaic countable uncountable
  • common 人与人之间的格斗
    📖 强调两个或多个个人或群体之间直接发生的身体对抗，常常比一般的冲突更具体。
    💡 常见搭配是“look for a fight”“pick a fight”或“a fight between A and B”。“look for a fight”表示主动寻衅，不是单纯寻找某场比赛；表示比赛时要看上下文或使用更明确的sports表达。
    countable uncountable
    Are you looking for a fight?
    你是想找打吗？
  • common 格斗比赛
    📖 指拳击、综合格斗等项目中的一场正式比赛，重点是竞技对决而不只是街头打架。
    💡 常用“watch the fight”“win the fight”“the big fight”表示观看或谈论一场格斗比赛。这里的fight通常依靠体育语境来理解；若要明确项目，可以在前面加boxing或用具体项目名称。
    countable uncountable
    Millions of fans watched the championship fight.
    数百万名观众观看了这场冠军格斗赛。
  • core 斗争；对抗
    📖 把身体上的对抗延伸到思想、利益或力量之间的冲突，表示为了保护、改变或争取某事而持续抗争。
    💡 常用“a fight for...”表示“为……而斗争”，用“a fight against...”表示“反对或对抗……”。它不一定包含暴力，涉及事业、权利或社会问题时通常是正式而自然的抽象表达。
    countable uncountable
    She joined the fight for equal education.
    她加入了争取教育平等的斗争。
    The team is in a fight to stay in the league.
    这支队伍正在为留在联赛中而奋力拼搏。
  • common 斗志；战斗力
    📖 指一个人或群体继续抵抗、坚持到底的意志和力量；有fight表示还有斗志，失去fight则表示不再想坚持。
    💡 常见于“have fight in you”“lose the fight”或“the fight goes out of someone”等结构。这里的fight通常不可数，不能按普通的一场打斗来翻译；形容坚韧时也常带有鼓励或赞赏意味。
    uncountable
    Even after the setback, she still had plenty of fight in her.
    即使遭遇挫折，她仍然斗志十足。
  • rare 船上的战斗防护设施
    📖 旧式航海用语，指船上为作战人员设置的遮挡或防护设施。
    💡 这是过时的航海义项，现代日常英语中几乎不会这样使用fight。阅读古典航海作品时可结合上下文理解，不要与普通的“战斗”义混为一谈。
    countable obsolete uncountable
fights plural
verb
  • core 与某人或某方战斗
    📖 指主动与人、军队或其他对手进行身体上的战斗；核心画面就是迎着对手上前对抗。
    💡 常用“fight someone”表示与某人作战，也可说“fight against an enemy”。fight后直接接对手时通常不加to；不要把过去式写成fighted，应使用fought。
    transitive
    My grandfather fought the enemy during the war.
    我祖父在战争期间与敌人作战。
    The soldiers fought bravely to defend the town.
    士兵们英勇作战，保卫这座城镇。
  • common 打斗；战斗
    📖 不带宾语时表示自己参加打斗或战斗，重点是进行这项行动，而不是说明对手是谁。
    💡 常见结构是“fight with someone”“fight over something”或单独使用fight。fight with既可表示“与某人打架”，也可能表示“和某人并肩作战”，要靠上下文判断；谈争吵时也能使用，但正式冲突需看语境。
    intransitive
    The injured animal fought fiercely when we approached.
    那只受伤的动物在我们靠近时进行了猛烈反抗。
  • common 互相打斗
    📖 指双方或多方彼此战斗，强调动作是相互进行的，而不是一方单独攻击另一方。
    💡 常用“fight each other”明确表示“互相打斗”，也可说“fight with each other”。不要把普通的fight自动理解成双方互殴，因为它也可以只表示一方参加战斗。
    reciprocal
    The two boys started fighting in the playground.
    那两个男孩开始在操场上打架。
  • common 使参加战斗
    📖 表示让某人、某群体或某方投入战斗，强调说话者促成了对方作战。
    💡 常用“fight someone against...”或“fight someone”表示让某人对抗另一方，但这种使役用法比普通的fight更依赖上下文。日常表达中，为避免歧义，也常改用“make someone fight”或“send someone to fight”。
    causative
    The commander fought his troops against a much larger army.
    指挥官让部队迎战一支规模大得多的军队。
  • core 为某事奋斗
    📖 把迎战对手的动作用于抽象目标，表示努力争取成功、权利、机会或政治目标。
    💡 最常见的结构是“fight for something”或“fight to do something”。fight for强调支持并争取某目标，后面不要误用成fight something；若表示反对某事，通常用fight against或fight something。
    intransitive
    They are fighting for better working conditions.
    他们正在争取更好的工作条件。
    She fought to keep her small business open.
    她努力争取让自己的小企业继续营业。
  • common 对抗；竭力阻止
    📖 表示用很大力气抵抗或消除某种问题、力量或趋势，未必涉及实际的人身冲突。
    💡 常用“fight crime”“fight corruption”“fight against disease”等搭配，fight后可直接接问题，也可接against。这里常用于新闻、公共事务和正式讨论；不要因为有fight就把宾语理解成具体的人。
    transitive
    The organization fights poverty in rural communities.
    这个组织在农村社区开展反贫困工作。
  • common 彼此冲突；不协调
    📖 用于颜色、图案或其他设计元素时，表示它们放在一起互相冲突，整体看起来不协调。
    💡 常见结构是“the colors fight”或“these patterns fight with each other”。这是设计和视觉评论中的比喻用法，通常不接表示人的宾语；若只是说颜色不同，不要使用fight。
    intransitive
    The bright walls fight with the dark furniture.
    明亮的墙面和深色家具搭配起来很不协调。
fights present,singular,third-person fighting participle,present fought past fought participle,past foughten archaic,participle,past fight first-person,present,singular fought first-person,past,singular fight present,second-person,singular fightest archaic,present,second-person,singular fought past,second-person,singular foughtest archaic,past,second-person,singular fighteth archaic,present,singular,third-person fought past,singular,third-person fight plural,present fought past,plural fight present,subjunctive fought past,subjunctive fight imperative,present - imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 9 组
a boxing or wrestling match
同义词集: fight
the fight was on television last night
上位: boxing, fisticuffs, pugilism
a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war;
同义词集: battle conflict fight engagement
Grant won a decisive victory in the battle of Chickamauga
he lost his romantic ideas about war when he got into a real engagement
上位: action, military action 下位: armageddon, armed combat, assault, combat
be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight; ;
同义词集: contend fight struggle
the tribesmen fought each other
Siblings are always fighting
Militant groups are contending for control of the country
下位: assail, attack, battle, box, combat, defend, duel, engage, fence, feud, fight back, fight down, get back, oppose, scuffle, settle, skirmish, spar, tourney, tug, tussle, wage, war, wrestle 参见: drive back, fight off, rebuff, repel, repulse
fight against or resist strongly;
同义词集: fight oppose fight back fight down defend
The senator said he would oppose the bill
Don't fight it!
上位: contend, struggle 下位: drive back, fend, fight off, hold out, rebuff, repel, repulse, resist, stand, stand firm, withstand
the act of fighting; any contest or struggle; ;
同义词集: fight fighting combat scrap
a fight broke out at the hockey game
there was fighting in the streets
the unhappy couple got into a terrible scrap
上位: battle, conflict, struggle 下位: affaire d'honneur, affray, banging, battering, beating, brawl, brush, clash, disturbance, dogfight, duel, encounter, fencing, fray, free-for-all, gang fight, gunfight, gunplay, hassle, impact, rough-and-tumble, ruffle, rumble, scuffle, set-to, shock, shootout, skirmish, tussle, whipping
make a strenuous or labored effort;
同义词集: fight struggle
She struggled for years to survive without welfare
He fought for breath
上位: assay, attempt, essay, seek, try 下位: drive, flounder, labor, labour, push, tug
exert oneself continuously, vigorously, or obtrusively to gain an end or engage in a crusade for a certain cause or person; be an advocate for; ;
同义词集: crusade fight press campaign push agitate
The liberal party pushed for reforms
She is crusading for women's rights
The Dean is pushing for his favorite candidate
上位: advertise, advertize, promote, push
an aggressive willingness to compete
同义词集: competitiveness fight
the team was full of fight
上位: aggressiveness
an intense verbal dispute
同义词集: fight
a violent fight over the bill is expected in the Senate
上位: arguing, argument, contention, contestation, controversy, disceptation, disputation, tilt
🌳 词源
名词和动词都源自古英语，最初都与“战斗、挣扎”有关；现代“为目标斗争”等抽象义由此发展而来。
From Middle English fighten (“to fight”), from Old English feohtan (“to fight, combat, strive”), from Proto-West Germanic *fehtan (“to fight”), from Proto-Germanic *fehtaną (“to comb, tease, shear, struggle with”), from Proto-Indo-European *peḱ- (“to comb, shear”). Cognate with Scots fecht (“to fight”), West Frisian fjochtsje, fjuchte (“to fight”), Dutch vechten (“to fight”), Low German fechten (“to fight”), German fechten (“to fight, fence”), Danish fægte (“to fence, to fight (using blade weapons)”), Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk fekte (“to fence”), Swedish fäkta (“to fence, to fight (using blade weapons), to wave vigorously (and carelessly) with one's arms”), Latin pectō (“comb, thrash”, verb), Albanian pjek (“to hit, strive, fight”), Ancient Greek πέκω (pékō, “comb or card wool”, verb). Related also to Old English feht (“wool, shaggy pelt, fleece”).
🔄 变式
- imperat fightest archaic fighteth archaic fighting present fights plural fought 1st_sg foughten archaic foughtest archaic
🏷 单词标签 & 词根
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