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expose

★★★
🇺🇸 /ɪkspˈoʊz/ 🇬🇧 /ɪkˈspəʊz/
verb 编号: E01910 牛津3000 BNC #2577 COCA #2005
动词,核心意思是把原本隐藏或受保护的东西置于外界、光线或某种作用之下,因此可表示“揭露”“使感光”“使接触到”,也可指软件对外提供功能。
💡 记忆钩子
想象把藏在黑暗中的东西拿到光下:秘密被拿出来就是“揭露”,胶片被光照到就是“感光”,人或物被置于过敏原等作用下就是“暴露于”,软件把内部功能向外打开就是“对外提供”。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握“揭露、使真相显现”和“使某人或某物接触到某种影响”这两个核心意思,再学习摄影和计算机语境。
  • 不要把 expose 一律理解成中性的“解释”或“介绍”;它常带有原本隐藏、受保护或未接触某物的意味。
📖 中文释义
verb
  • core 揭露;使显现
    📖 把原本隐藏、未被注意或被掩盖的事实、问题、秘密等呈现出来,让别人看见或知道。常常带有揭穿不实、腐败或错误行为的意味。
    💡 常用结构是“expose + 秘密、问题、谎言、腐败等”,也可说“expose someone as + 身份或评价”。这个意思常见于新闻、调查和正式讨论,通常不是单纯的“介绍”或“解释”。不要在这里加 to;加上 to 后通常转为“使某人或某物接触到某种影响”的意思。
    transitive
    The investigation exposed serious problems in the company.
    这项调查揭露了这家公司存在的严重问题。
    The report exposed his claim as a lie.
    这份报告揭穿了他的说法是谎言。
  • common 使胶片感光
    📖 让照相胶片或类似感光材料受到光照,从而记录图像;这里的“暴露”对象是光线,而不是秘密。
    💡 常用结构是“expose film to light”,也可以用被动结构表示胶片被光照到。这个意思主要出现在摄影和技术语境中;谈数码照片时,通常不把普通的“拍照”直接说成这个意思。注意它和“使某人接触光线”的结构形式相同,但宾语通常是胶片或感光材料。
    transitive
    The film was exposed to light before it was developed.
    胶片在冲洗前就被光照到了。
  • rare 遗弃(婴儿)
    📖 指把不想要的婴儿遗弃在荒野等无人照料的地方,使其处于危险之中;这是古代或历史叙述中的用法。
    💡 常见结构是“expose a baby or child”,宾语通常是婴儿或儿童。这个意思带有强烈的历史和文学色彩,现代日常英语中不用于普通的“让……接触到”。阅读古典故事或历史材料时,要根据上下文识别它的“遗弃”义。
    transitive
  • core 使接触;使暴露于
    📖 有意或无意地让人或物接触某种物质、环境或压力,以观察反应、测试抵抗力,或说明其可能受到影响。常见对象包括过敏原、化学物质、危险环境和压力。
    💡 常用结构是“expose + 人或物 + to + 物质、环境或压力”,也常说“be exposed to”。它既可表示实验中的有意接触,也可表示生活或工作中受到某种因素影响;在医学、科学和安全语境中很常见。不要把它误解成“揭露某人的秘密”,因为这里的 to 是结构的一部分。
    The test exposed the material to extreme heat.
    这项测试让这种材料经受了高温。
  • common 对外提供(功能或接口)
    📖 在软件或系统中,把原本藏在内部的功能、数据或接口开放给其他模块、程序或用户使用;它仍然保留“向外打开”的核心画面。
    💡 常用结构是“expose a function, interface, or service to + 使用者或程序”,也可说系统“exposes functionality”。这是计算机和工程语境中的专业用法,常与 hide、provide 或 access 对照。这里通常不是说把秘密泄露出去,而是说经过设计、可供外部调用。
    transitive
    The library exposes a simple interface to other applications.
    这个程序库向其他应用提供了一个简单的接口。
exposes present,singular,third-person exposing participle,present exposed participle,past exposed past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 10 组
abandon by leaving out in the open air;
同义词集: expose
The infant was exposed by the teenage mother
After Christmas, many pets get abandoned
上位: abandon, desert, desolate, forsake
expose while ridiculing; especially of pretentious or false claims and ideas
同义词集: debunk expose
The physicist debunked the psychic's claims
上位: blackguard, guy, jest at, laugh at, make fun, poke fun, rib, ridicule, roast
make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret; ; ; ; ;
同义词集: unwrap disclose let on bring out reveal discover expose divulge break give away let out uncover
The auction house would not disclose the price at which the van Gogh had sold
The actress won't reveal how old she is
bring out the truth
he broke the news to her
unwrap the evidence in the murder case
The newspaper uncovered the President's illegal dealings
上位: tell 下位: babble, babble out, betray, bewray, blab, blab out, blow, come out, come out of the closet, confide, leak, let the cat out of the bag, out, peach, reveal, sing, spill the beans, spring, talk, tattle
put in a dangerous, disadvantageous, or difficult position
同义词集: queer expose scupper endanger peril
上位: affect, bear on, bear upon, impact, touch, touch on 下位: compromise
remove all or part of one's clothes to show one's body;
同义词集: uncover expose
uncover your belly
The man exposed himself in the subway
反义: cover 下位: bare, undo, unveil, unwrap
expose or make accessible to some action or influence;
同义词集: expose
Expose your students to art
expose the blanket to sunshine
上位: subject 下位: aerate, air, air out, insolate, solarise, solarize, sun
expose to light, of photographic film
同义词集: expose
上位: subject
reveal to view as by removing a cover
同义词集: disclose expose uncover
The curtain rose to disclose a stunning set
上位: bring out, reveal, unveil 下位: face
to show, make visible or apparent; ;
同义词集: expose exhibit display
The Metropolitan Museum is exhibiting Goya's works this month
Why don't you show your nice legs and wear shorter skirts?
National leaders will have to display the highest skills of statesmanship
上位: show 下位: bench, bring forth, flash, flaunt, model, moon, open, ostentate, pose, posture, produce, show off, sit, swank
the exposure of an impostor or a fraud
同义词集: expose unmasking
he published an expose of the graft and corruption in city government
上位: exposure
🌳 词源
源自中古法语,最终来自拉丁语,原意与“展开、摆出来、陈述”有关;英语中的 expose、expound 等词同源。
From Middle English exposen, from Old French exposer (“to lay open, set forth”), from Latin expōnō (“set forth”), with contamination from poser (“to lay, place”). Doublet of expone and expound (via Old French espondre (“to set forth, explain”)), from the same Latin term.
🔄 变式
exposed past exposes present exposing present
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