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execute
★★★
🇺🇸 /ˈɛksʌkjˌut/
execute 的核心是“把某事贯彻到底、使它真正发生”,可指执行命令或计划、表演作品、使合同生效,也可指运行程序;在法律语境中还可指依法处死。
💡 记忆钩子
把 execute 想成把一项任务一路“跟到底”,直到它真的完成:命令被落实是“执行”,音乐被完整呈现是“演奏”,合同被落实为有效文件是“签订并使其生效”,程序被启动并完成运转是“运行”;如果落实的是死刑判决,就引申为“处决”。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“执行、实施”这一核心义,再按语境扩展到“表演”“使合同生效”和“运行程序”。
- 不要把 execute 一律理解成“处决”;现代科技和日常办公语境中,它更常表示执行任务或运行程序。
📖 中文释义
verb
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common 依法处死📖 这里是把死刑判决彻底落实,指依法杀死被判处死刑的人,通常用于法律、新闻或历史语境。💡 常用“execute + 人”或“be executed for + 罪行”这一模式。这个义项语气正式且涉及刑罚,不要把普通的“执行任务”误解成杀人;谈论死刑时也常见被动形式。transitiveThe prisoner was executed for murder.这名囚犯因谋杀罪被处决。
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core 执行;实施📖 指把命令、计划、决定或行动真正做出来,强调从要求到落实的完整过程。💡 常用“execute + order/plan/decision/strategy”等搭配。这个义项比普通的“做”更正式,常用于工作、公文和军事语境;不要只把它理解为“开始做”,它通常强调已经付诸实施。transitiveThe team executed the plan exactly as discussed.团队完全按照讨论的内容执行了计划。The officers executed the search warrant at dawn.警员在黎明时执行了搜查令。
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common 表演;完成动作📖 指把一项需要技巧的动作、作品或表演完整而准确地呈现出来,重点不只是“做”,还包括完成得怎样。💡 常用“execute + 动作/技巧/作品”,也常与“well、perfectly、brilliantly”等副词连用。它多见于音乐、体育、舞蹈和专业评论,不要在普通的“做作业”语境中随意替代一般动词。transitiveShe executed the final movement beautifully.她出色地演奏了最后一个乐章。
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common 签订并使生效📖 在法律语境中,指通过正式签署等法律行为,使合同或其他文件成为有效、具有约束力的文件;本质上仍是把法律安排落实到底。💡 常用“execute a contract/agreement/document”这一模式,通常译为“签订合同”或“正式签署文件”。这是法律和商务正式用语,不要简单理解为“执行合同”;具体含义取决于宾语是否是法律文件。transitiveBoth companies executed the agreement yesterday.两家公司昨天正式签署了协议。
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core 运行;启动📖 在计算机等技术语境中,指让程序开始运行并执行其中的指令,是“把程序落实为实际运作”。💡 常用“execute + program/command/file/script”等搭配。技术语境中它比普通的“打开”更准确,强调系统实际执行代码或指令;不要把它和只表示启动界面的“open”混为一谈。transitiveThe system will execute the program automatically.系统会自动运行这个程序。You need administrator permission to execute this file.你需要管理员权限才能运行这个文件。
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common 运行成功📖 作不及物动词时,主语通常是程序或代码,表示它已经运行起来,往往暗含运行基本成功,但不保证结果没有问题。💡 常用“program/code + execute”或“execute successfully”等模式,主语通常不是人而是程序、代码或指令。它是不及物用法,后面不能直接接程序作宾语;若要说“运行某程序”,应使用及物义项。intransitiveThe script executed without errors.这个脚本运行时没有出现错误。
executes
present,singular,third-person
executing
participle,present
executed
participle,past
executed
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 7 组
sign in the presence of witnesses
同义词集:
execute
The President executed the treaty
上位: sign
put in effect; ;
同义词集:
carry through
accomplish
execute
carry out
action
fulfill
fulfil
carry out a task
execute the decision of the people
He actioned the operation
上位: complete, effect, effectuate, finish, set up
下位: complete, consummate, discharge, dispatch, do, perform, run
carry out or perform an action; ;
同义词集:
perform
execute
do
John did the painting, the weeding, and he cleaned out the gutters
the skater executed a triple pirouette
she did a little dance
下位: ad-lib, appear, carry, conduct, cut, declaim, direct, extemporise, extemporize, improvise, improvize, interpret, lead, make, practice, practise, premier, premiere, recite, rehearse, render, serenade, star, stunt
kill as a means of socially sanctioned punishment
同义词集:
execute
put to death
In some states, criminals are executed
上位: kill, penalise, penalize, punish
下位: burn, hang, string up
murder in a planned fashion
同义词集:
execute
The Mafioso who collaborated with the police was executed
上位: bump off, dispatch, hit, murder, off, polish off, remove, slay
carry out a process or program, as on a computer or a machine; ;
同义词集:
run
execute
Run the dishwasher
run a new program on the Mac
the computer executed the instruction
上位: apply, enforce, implement
下位: step
carry out the legalities of
同义词集:
execute
execute a will or a deed
上位: apply, enforce, implement
下位: give
🌳 词源
源自古法语,最终来自拉丁语,原意与“跟随到底、贯彻完成”有关。
From Old French executer (French exécuter), from Latin exsecutus, past participle of exsequor (“to follow (up/through)”, particularly in the sense “to go through with a deed or punishment”), from ex- (“out”) + sequor (“to follow”).
🔄 变式
executed
past
executes
present
executing
present
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