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erupt
★★
🇺🇸 /ɪɹˈʌpt/
erupt 表示从内部突然冲出、爆发或大量出现,既可用于火山、液体等具体事物,也可用于情绪和群体反应。
💡 记忆钩子
把 erupt 想成“从里面猛地冲出来”:火山喷出熔岩,牙齿从牙龈里长出,愤怒从人群中爆发;在生物学中,也可指大量鸟虫突然出现在某地。
📝 学习建议
- 不要只把 erupt 理解成“火山爆发”;它的核心是“内部积聚的东西突然冲出”,因此也能描述情绪、反应和身体部位的出现。
- 它通常是不及物动词,不能直接把喷出的东西当作宾语;要表达喷出什么,可用“erupt and release...”或“erupt with...”等结构。
📖 中文释义
verb
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core 喷发;猛烈喷出📖 指火山、喷泉等把熔岩、水或其他物质猛烈地从内部喷出来。这是“从里面冲出”这一核心画面最直接的用法。💡 常用句型是“火山或喷泉 + erupt”以及“erupt,喷出某物”。它是不及物动词,不能直接说“火山 erupt 熔岩”;可在后面用“喷出……”说明喷出的东西。这个词比普通的“流出”或“冒出”更有突然、猛烈的感觉。intransitiveThe volcano erupted without warning.那座火山毫无预警地喷发了。Hot water erupted from the ground.热水从地面猛烈喷出。
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common 突然冒出;长出📖 指某物突然从原来的位置或内部显现出来,例如牙齿从牙龈中长出。重点仍是“从里面突破出来”,不一定表示爆炸或喷射。💡 常用句型是“身体部位或事物 + erupt”或“某物 + erupt through/from + 地点”。用于牙齿时常见于医学或健康话题,表示牙齿萌出,不只是一般的“出现”。不要把所有普通的出现都换成 erupt;它通常带有突破、突然显现的意味。intransitiveHer wisdom teeth began to erupt at nineteen.她的智齿在十九岁时开始萌出。
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core 情绪或反应爆发📖 指原本积压在内部的愤怒、笑声、欢呼等突然释放出来,或指人群突然爆发出强烈反应。这是把“内部压力冲出来”用于抽象情绪。💡 常用句型是“人群或人 + erupt in/with + 情绪或反应”,也可说“erupt into + 具体行为”。后面通常接愤怒、欢呼、笑声等,而不是直接接一个普通事件。不要把它误解成单纯的“变得情绪化”;它强调反应突然而强烈地释放。figuratively intransitiveThe audience erupted in applause.观众突然爆发出热烈的掌声。The children erupted into laughter.孩子们突然大笑起来。
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rare 大量突然出现📖 在生物学语境中,指鸟、昆虫等生物突然成群出现在某个地区;可看作许多个体一起“冲出来、涌现”。💡 常用句型是“某种鸟类或昆虫 + erupt in/into + 地区”。这是自然科学和观察记录中的专门用法,普通对话中通常用“成群出现”或“大量出现”。不要把它理解成这些动物发生火山式喷发。intransitive
erupts
present,singular,third-person
erupting
participle,present
erupted
participle,past
erupted
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 8 组
become active and spew forth lava and rocks
同义词集:
erupt
belch
extravasate
Vesuvius erupts once in a while
上位: burst, explode
erupt or intensify suddenly; ;
同义词集:
erupt
irrupt
flare up
flare
break open
burst out
Unrest erupted in the country
Tempers flared at the meeting
The crowd irrupted into a burst of patriotism
上位: deepen, intensify
become raw or open; ;
同义词集:
erupt
recrudesce
break out
He broke out in hives
My skin breaks out when I eat strawberries
Such boils tend to recrudesce
上位: ail, pain, trouble
start abruptly
同义词集:
erupt
break out
After 1989, peace broke out in the former East Bloc
上位: begin, start
appear on the skin
同义词集:
erupt
A rash erupted on her arms after she had touched the exotic plant
上位: appear
break out
同义词集:
erupt
come out
break through
push through
The tooth erupted and had to be extracted
上位: appear
force out or release suddenly and often violently something pent up;
同义词集:
break
burst
erupt
break into tears
erupt in anger
start to burn or burst into flames;
同义词集:
erupt
ignite
catch fire
take fire
combust
conflagrate
Marsh gases ignited suddenly
The oily rags combusted spontaneously
上位: change state, turn
下位: catch
🌳 词源
源自拉丁语,原意是“冲出、爆发”,由表示“向外”的成分和表示“打破”的成分组成。
From Latin eruptus, past participle of ērumpō (“to break out (of), to burst out (from)”), from e (“out”) + rumpō (“to break”).
🔄 变式
erupted
past
erupting
present
erupts
present
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