← 返回单词列表
endure
★★
🇺🇸 /ɛndjˈʊɹ/
🇬🇧 /ɪnˈd͡ʒoː/
endure 是“在困难或不适中坚持下去、忍受下去”,也可表示某事物持续存在或长久不变。
💡 记忆钩子
把 endure 想成一块经受风吹雨打仍不倒的硬石头:人可以 endure 痛苦而坚持,事物也可以 endure 多年而持续;核心都是“扛住并继续存在”。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握两条主线:人 endure something 表示“忍受某事”,事物 endure 表示“持续、经久不衰”。
- 不要把 endure 只理解成被动受苦;它也常用于中性或积极的“长久存在”,如名声、爱情或传统持续多年。
📖 中文释义
verb
-
core 坚持下去📖 指人在障碍、压力或困境中仍继续做下去,没有轻易放弃;重点是“扛住并坚持”。💡 常用结构是 endure through + 困难,或主语 + endure,表示在困难中继续存在或坚持。这个用法较正式,叙述长期奋斗时很自然;日常口语中不要随意用它代替普通的“继续”。intransitiveShe endured through years of uncertainty and kept working toward her goal.她熬过了多年的不确定,仍继续朝着目标努力。The singer's popularity endured for decades.这位歌手的受欢迎程度持续了几十年。
-
core 忍受;熬过📖 指接受并熬过令人痛苦、烦恼或不愉快的事情,通常暗含“虽然难受,但还是承受住了”。💡 基本结构是 endure + 不愉快的事物,如痛苦、噪音或漫长等待。它是及物动词,后面通常直接接对象,不要说 endure to something;若只是说“经历”而没有忍耐意味,使用更普通的词更合适。transitiveI could not endure the constant noise any longer.我再也无法忍受持续不断的噪音了。The hikers endured the cold rain until they reached the shelter.徒步者们忍受着冰冷的雨,直到抵达避难处。
-
core 持续;长存📖 指某种关系、影响、名声、传统或状态经过很长时间仍然存在;这里不是“忍受”,而是“经得住时间”。💡 常用结构是名词 + endure for + 一段时间,或 endure through + 时期。这个用法常见于较正式的书面语和谈论长期价值的语境;不要把它理解为某人主动忍耐。intransitiveTheir friendship endured for more than fifty years.他们的友谊持续了五十多年。Our love will endure forever.我们的爱将永远长存。
-
common 经受考验而不屈📖 强调人在试炼或苦难中保持坚定,不屈服、不崩溃;它把“忍受”和“坚持”两层意思结合在一起。💡 常见结构是 endure under/in + 困境,或 endure hardship,突出人在考验下保持坚强。这个用法偏正式或文学化,适合谈逆境和意志;日常对话中通常会选更直接的表达。He endured under intense pressure and refused to give up.他在巨大压力下坚持住了,拒绝放弃。
-
common 忍耐承受📖 指有耐心地承受长期的疼痛、困难或不幸,强调没有抱怨或退缩地熬过去。💡 常用结构是 endure + pain/suffering/hardship,后面直接接所承受的事物。这个用法常见于正式叙述、新闻和文学语境;不要把它和单纯表示“遭遇”的词混用,因为它带有主动忍耐的意味。transitiveHe endured years of pain before receiving effective treatment.他忍受了多年的疼痛,后来才得到有效治疗。
-
rare 使变硬📖 这是过时的用法,指使某物变硬;它与本词“经受住、变得坚硬”的历史意象有关。obsolete
endures
present,singular,third-person
enduring
participle,present
endured
participle,past
endured
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 7 组
put up with something or somebody unpleasant; ; ;
同义词集:
digest
endure
stick out
stomach
bear
stand
tolerate
support
brook
abide
suffer
put up
I cannot bear his constant criticism
The new secretary had to endure a lot of unprofessional remarks
he learned to tolerate the heat
She stuck out two years in a miserable marriage
上位: allow, countenance, let, permit
下位: accept, live with, pay, swallow
undergo or be subjected to;
同义词集:
suffer
endure
He suffered the penalty
Many saints suffered martyrdom
反义: enjoy
上位: experience, go through, see
下位: die, tolerate
continue to live and avoid dying; ; ;
同义词集:
survive
last
live
live on
go
endure
hold up
hold out
We went without water and food for 3 days
These superstitions survive in the backwaters of America
The race car driver lived through several very serious accidents
how long can a person last without food and water?
One crash victim died, the other lived
continue to exist;
同义词集:
prevail
persist
die hard
run
endure
These stories die hard
The legend of Elvis endures
上位: continue
persist for a specified period of time
同义词集:
last
endure
The bad weather lasted for three days
上位: measure
下位: hold out, run, run for, wear
last and be usable
同义词集:
wear
hold out
endure
This dress wore well for almost ten years
上位: last
face and withstand with courage
同义词集:
weather
endure
brave
brave out
She braved the elements
上位: defy, hold, hold up, withstand
🌳 词源
源自拉丁语 indurare“使变硬”,经古法语和中古英语进入英语;其核心意象由“变硬”发展为“经受住、坚持下去”。
Latin indūrō
Latin indūrāreder.
Old French endurerbor.
Middle English enduren
English endure
From Middle English enduren, from Old French endurer, from Latin indūrō (“to make hard”). Displaced Old English drēogan, which survives dialectally as dree. Doublet of dure.
🔄 变式
endured
past
endures
present
enduring
present
🏷 单词标签 & 词根