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enclose

★★
🇺🇸 /ɪnklˈoʊz/
verb 编号: E01007 BNC #4313 COCA #8459
enclose 是“围住、封在里面”的动词:既可以用墙、栅栏等围出边界,也可以把物品随信或包裹一同放入容器。
💡 记忆钩子
想象先画出一道边界,把土地围在里面;同一个“包住、不让它跑出来”的画面,也可以变成把文件封进信封或把物品放进包裹。核心始终是“让某物处在一个封闭范围内”。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握“围住”这一核心画面,再记“随信附上、装入信封或包裹”的延伸义。
  • 不要把它简单理解成 include;enclose 强调把东西放进一个有边界的容器或范围内。
📖 中文释义
verb
  • core 围住;圈起
    📖 用墙、栅栏或其他边界把土地、建筑物等包围起来,使它们处在一个限定范围内。这里的重点是形成“外边有界线、里面被包住”的空间。
    💡 常用“enclose + 土地、区域等”或“be enclosed by + 边界物”的结构。这个义项常用于描述土地、庭院或建筑范围,语气比普通的“围起来”更偏书面或说明性。不要把它误解为只表示暂时站在某物周围;它通常强调已经形成了包围或封闭的边界。
    transitive
    A low stone wall encloses the garden.
    一堵低矮的石墙围住了花园。
    The farm is enclosed by a wooden fence.
    这座农场四周用木栅栏围了起来。
  • core 随信附上;装入
    📖 把文件、支票或其他物品放进信封、包裹等容器中,使它随信或包裹一起寄出。这里仍然是“把东西封在一个范围里”,只是边界从墙或栅栏变成了容器。
    💡 常用“enclose + 文件或物品 + with/in + 信件或容器”的结构,也常见于信件中的“随信附上某物”这一表达。这个义项明显偏书面,尤其常用于商务信函、申请信和邮寄说明。不要把它当作“在信中提到”;它表示实物确实被放进信封或包裹中。
    transitive
    I enclose a copy of my passport with this application.
    随本申请附上我的护照复印件。
    Please enclose the receipt with your return.
    请将收据随退货一并寄回。
encloses present,singular,third-person enclosing participle,present enclosed participle,past enclosed past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 4 组
place, fit, or thrust (something) into another thing
同义词集: insert enclose inclose stick in put in introduce
Insert your ticket here
上位: lay, place, pose, position, put, set 下位: cup, feed, feed in, glass, inject, inset, plug, shoot, slip
enclose or enfold completely with or as if with a covering
同义词集: envelop enfold enwrap wrap enclose
Fog enveloped the house
上位: cover 下位: bathe, capsulate, capsule, capsulise, capsulize, cocoon, cover, enshroud, hide, shroud, tube
surround completely;
同义词集: enclose close in inclose shut in
Darkness enclosed him
They closed in the porch with a fence
上位: border, environ, ring, skirt, surround 下位: bank, border, bower, bury, case, casket, corral, dike, dyke, eat up, embower, encase, enshrine, fence, fence in, fort, fortify, frame, frame in, glass, glass in, hedge, hedge in, immerse, incase, insert, shrine, swallow, swallow up, tuck
close in
同义词集: enclose hold in confine
darkness enclosed him
上位: bear, carry, contain, hold 下位: border, bound, frame, rail, rail in
🌳 词源
源自中古英语和古法语,最终与拉丁语中表示“关上”的词有关;也可以联想到 en- 加 close,即“使其处于关闭范围内”。
From Middle English enclosen, inclosen, from Middle English enclos, from Old French enclose, feminine plural past participle of enclore, from Vulgar Latin *inclaudō, *inclaudere, from Latin inclūdō (doublet of include), from in- (“in”) + claudō (“to shut”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (“key, hook, nail”). Equivalent to en- + close.
🔄 变式
enclosed past encloses present enclosing present
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