drunkenness

drunkenness 指醉酒或酗酒造成的醉态，通常作为不可数名词使用，语气比日常口语中的“喝醉”更正式或书面。

💡 记忆钩子

把它想成酒气升到头顶、让人失去清醒和控制的状态：人一旦被酒意笼罩，就是 drunkenness；这个词强调的是“醉酒这一状态”，而不是某一次喝酒的动作。

📝 学习建议

先把 drunkenness 和 drunk 区分开：前者是“醉酒状态”这个名词，后者通常描述“喝醉的”人或状态。看到词尾 -ness 时，可先联想到“某种性质或状态”，帮助记住它的词性。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 醉酒状态

📖 指酒精使人失去清醒、判断力和身体控制的状态，重点是“醉着的状态”，而不是喝酒的过程。

💡 常用“a state of drunkenness”“in drunkenness”或“because of drunkenness”等结构。这个词多见于正式说明、新闻或文学语境，日常对话中通常用更直接的表达来描述某人喝醉。它一般不可数，不能机械地给它加复数或不定冠词。

uncountable usually

The accident was caused by drunkenness.

这起事故是醉酒造成的。

He could barely walk in his state of drunkenness.

他醉得几乎走不了路。

drunkennesses plural

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 3 组

the act of drinking alcoholic beverages to excess

同义词集: drink drinking boozing drunkenness crapulence

drink was his downfall

a temporary state resulting from excessive consumption of alcohol

同义词集: drunkenness inebriation inebriety intoxication tipsiness insobriety

反义: soberness, sobriety

habitual intoxication; prolonged and excessive intake of alcoholic drinks leading to a breakdown in health and an addiction to alcohol such that abrupt deprivation leads to severe withdrawal symptoms

同义词集: alcoholism alcohol addiction inebriation drunkenness

🌳 词源

由 drunken（醉酒的）加名词后缀 -ness 构成。

English drunken Proto-Germanic *-in- Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ti Proto-Germanic *-ōną Proto-Germanic *-inōną Proto-Indo-European *-dyé- Proto-Germanic *-atjaną Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Germanic *-þuz Proto-Germanic *-assuz Proto-Germanic *-inassuz Proto-West Germanic *-nassī Old English -nes Middle English -nesse English -ness English drunkenness From drunken + -ness.

🔄 变式

drunkennesses plural

🏷 单词标签 & 词根