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distinct
★★
🇺🇸 /dɪstˈɪŋkt/
distinct 主要表示“清楚可辨”或“彼此分开、不同”,也可表示某人或某物因特色鲜明而与众不同。
💡 记忆钩子
想象一个轮廓清晰、和周围分开的物体:先是“看得清、听得清”,再发展为“和别的不一样”,最后就是“各自独立、不混在一起”。
📝 学习建议
- 不要把 distinct 一律理解为“独特”;表示“彼此不同”时常只是客观区分,不一定有特别之处。
- 建议先掌握“清楚可辨”和“与……不同”这两个核心义,再学习“有鲜明特色”和“彼此分开”等延伸义。
📖 中文释义
adj
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core 清楚可辨📖 指声音、形状、气味等很清楚,能够从背景中被辨认出来;核心画面就是轮廓分明、不会混在一起。💡 常用“be distinct despite/in + 背景或干扰”表示“尽管有干扰仍清晰可辨”。它既能形容声音,也能形容轮廓、气味等感官印象。不要误解为“响亮”或“强烈”,重点是容易辨认。Her voice was distinct despite the noise outside.尽管外面很吵,她的声音仍然清晰可辨。A distinct outline appeared in the fog.雾中出现了一个清晰的轮廓。
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core 与……不同📖 表示两个或几组事物有明确差别,彼此不是同一种;这是“界线清楚、分得开”的核心用法。💡 最常用的结构是“be distinct from + 名词”,不要用介词“than”来连接比较对象。它强调类别或性质上的区别,不要求其中一方更好。正式说明、分类和对比中尤其常见。This kind of tea is distinct from ordinary black tea.这种茶不同于普通红茶。The two problems are distinct from each other.这两个问题彼此不同。
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common 特色鲜明📖 表示某人或某物有明显而容易认出的特点,因此与周围对象区别开来;它是“不同”进一步发展出的“有辨识度”。💡 常用“a distinct + 特征名词”或“be distinct because of + 原因”来说明鲜明之处。它可以是中性描述,不自动表示“奇特”或“优秀”。谈口音、风格、气味和外观时都很自然。The restaurant has a distinct style of its own.这家餐厅有自己鲜明的风格。
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common 彼此分开📖 强调人、组织、区域或部分各自独立,没有连成一体;可以看作“不同”在空间或组织关系上的延伸。💡 常用“remain/keep/be distinct from + 对象”表示保持分开或独立。这个义项常用于组织、群体、区域和部分,而不只是抽象的比较。不要只译成“不同”,如果语境强调不合并,译为“分开、独立”更准确。The two departments remain distinct from each other.这两个部门仍彼此独立。
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rare 被标明的📖 旧式用法,指某处或某物已经被清楚标出、命名或界定,仍可追溯到“界线分明”的核心意思。💡 这是过时用法,主要在古典或历史文本中出现。现代英语中不要用它来表达普通的“明确”或“指定”。阅读时可根据上下文理解为“标明的、界定的”。obsolete
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rare 有斑纹的📖 旧式用法,指表面带有明显的花纹或色彩区块,可理解为“被清楚区分出来的图案”。💡 这是过时的文学用法,现代日常英语中几乎不这样使用。遇到描写花纹或色彩时,只需结合上下文理解,不要把它当作常用的“有特色”。obsolete
distincter
comparative
more distinct
comparative
distinctest
superlative
most distinct
superlative
verb
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rare 区分📖 旧式地表示把不同的人或事物区分开来,也就是把“界线清楚”这个核心概念用作动词。💡 历史文本中可见“distincting between + 两方”这类结构,但现代英语不推荐这样说。现代表达通常改用更常见的“distinguish between + 两方”或相应结构。学习时把本义识别出来即可,不必模仿其用法。obsolete transitive
distincts
present,singular,third-person
distincting
participle,present
distincted
participle,past
distincted
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 5 组
clearly or sharply defined to the mind; ;
同义词集:
clear-cut
distinct
trenchant
clear-cut evidence of tampering
Claudius was the first to invade Britain with distinct...intentions of conquest
trenchant distinctions between right and wrong
近似: clear
recognizable; marked;
同义词集:
distinct
decided
noticed a distinct improvement
at a distinct (or decided) disadvantage
近似: definite
easy to perceive; especially clearly outlined; ; ; ;
同义词集:
distinct
a distinct flavor
a distinct odor of turpentine
a distinct outline
the ship appeared as a distinct silhouette
distinct fingerprints
反义: indistinct
近似: chiseled, clean-cut, clear, clear-cut, crisp, crystalline, defined, outlined, razor-sharp, sharp, well-defined
参见: clear, definite, precise
(often followed by `from') not alike; different in nature or quality; ; ; ;
同义词集:
distinct
distinguishable
plants of several distinct types
the word `nationalism' is used in at least two distinct senses
gold is distinct from iron
a tree related to but quite distinct from the European beech
management had interests quite distinct from those of their employees
近似: different
constituting a separate entity or part;
同义词集:
discrete
distinct
a government with three discrete divisions
on two distinct occasions
近似: separate
🌳 词源
源自中古英语,经古法语追溯到拉丁语,原与“区分、辨别”有关。
From Middle English distincte, past participle of distincten (“to distinguish, discern”), from Old French destincter, from Latin distinctus, past participle of distinguere (“to distinguish”); see distinguish.
🔄 变式
distincted
past
distincter
compar
distinctest
superl
distincting
present
distincts
present
more distinct
compar
most distinct
superl
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