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dishonor

🇺🇸 /dɪsˈɑnɚ/
noun 编号: D01529 COCA #21366
表示“耻辱、名誉受损”或“使……蒙羞、玷污”的英语词,既可作名词也可作动词;这是美式拼写。
💡 记忆钩子
想象一枚代表荣誉的徽章被弄脏:徽章上的污点就是“耻辱、名誉受损”,把徽章弄脏则是“使人蒙羞或玷污名誉”。
📝 学习建议
  • 先把它和“荣誉受损/使人蒙羞”这一条主线一起记,不要只把它理解成一般的“不尊重”。
  • 注意这是美式拼写;英式拼写通常在中间多一个字母 u。
📖 中文释义
noun
  • core 耻辱;名誉受损
    📖 指一个人的行为、失败或遭遇使其荣誉受到损害,或者指这种名誉上的污点本身。它强调“荣誉徽章被弄脏”的结果,而不只是受到一般批评。
    💡 常见结构是“bring dishonor to + 人或团体”或“suffer dishonor”,分别表示带来耻辱和蒙受耻辱。名词既可不可数地谈抽象名誉,也可用复数或不定冠词指具体的羞辱事件;在新闻、历史和正式叙述中尤其常见。中文里不要只译成“尴尬”,因为它通常涉及名誉或尊严。
    countable uncountable
    The scandal brought dishonor to the entire family.
    这桩丑闻使整个家庭蒙受了耻辱。
dishonors plural
verb
  • core 使蒙羞;玷污名誉
    📖 指某人的行为让另一人、团体或象征荣誉的事物失去尊严,仿佛把荣誉徽章弄脏了。它既可以指让人丢脸,也可以指违背承诺、传统或责任而玷污名誉。
    💡 常见结构是“dishonor + 人”或“dishonor + 名誉、传统等对象”,后面直接接宾语,不要另加介词。被动结构“be dishonored”表示某人或某种荣誉受到玷污;这个词多用于严肃、正式或道德评价较强的语境。若只是轻微失礼,通常不必使用它。
    He dishonored his parents by breaking his promise.
    他违背诺言,使父母蒙羞。
dishonors present,singular,third-person dishonoring participle,present dishonored participle,past dishonored past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 5 组
refuse to accept
同义词集: dishonor dishonour
dishonor checks and drafts
反义: honor, honour 上位: decline, pass up, refuse, reject, turn down
bring shame or dishonor upon
同义词集: dishonor disgrace dishonour attaint shame
he dishonored his family by committing a serious crime
反义: honor, honour, reward 下位: befoul, defile, foul, maculate
force (someone) to have sex against their will
同义词集: rape ravish violate assault dishonor dishonour outrage
The woman was raped on her way home at night
上位: assail, assault, attack, set on 下位: gang-rape
lacking honor or integrity
同义词集: dishonor dishonour
反义: honor, honour
a state of shame or disgrace
同义词集: dishonor dishonour
he was resigned to a life of dishonor
反义: honor, honour, laurels 上位: standing 下位: discredit, disgrace, disrepute, ignominy, infamy, opprobrium, shame
🌳 词源
源自古法语,由表示否定或相反的前缀和表示“荣誉”的词根构成。
From Old French deshonor, equivalent to dis- + honor.
🔄 变式
dishonored past dishonoring present dishonors plural
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