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direct

★★★★★

🇺🇸 /dɚˈɛkt/ 🇬🇧 /dɪˈɹɛkt/

adj 编号: D01365 牛津3000 BNC #960 COCA #1478

direct 的核心意思是“直着指向目标”：可以表示路线不绕、表达不拐弯，也可以表示把人、事物或注意力引向某处。

💡 记忆钩子

想象一支箭不绕路地朝着靶心飞去：路线是“直接的”，说话是“不拐弯的”，而把箭、目光或人引向靶心，就是“指向、指导或命令”。

📝 学习建议

先掌握“直接的、直达的”和“指导、指向”这条主线，再记专业义项。
direct 不总是等于中文“直接”：在 direct someone to a place 中，它是“指引某人去某处”；在 direct someone to do something 中，它是“命令某人做某事”。

📖 中文释义

adj

core 不绕道地进行

📖 表示行动或过程沿着目标推进，中间没有偏离、绕行或被打断，重点是“直奔目标”。

💡 常见结构是“go/travel direct”或“a direct connection”。作形容词时通常放在名词前，强调过程没有绕道或中断。它不一定表示速度快，而是表示路径或过程没有偏离。

The train goes direct to the city center.

这趟火车直达市中心。
core 直达的；最短的

📖 形容路线、方向或方法不弯曲、不绕远，能够以较短或最简单的路径到达终点。

💡 常用搭配是“the direct route/path to ...”和“a direct flight/train”。direct route 表示路线较短或少绕行，不一定表示两地之间完全没有弯道。表示“直达”时，要根据交通语境判断是否真的没有换乘。

This is the most direct route to the museum.

这是去博物馆最直接的路线。

We booked a direct flight to Seoul.

我们订了直飞首尔的航班。
core 坦率的

📖 形容说话或态度不绕圈子、真诚坦率，直接表达自己的想法或要求。

💡 常用“be direct with someone”或“a direct way of speaking”。这个词可以是褒义的“坦诚”，也可能因语气显得生硬；需要礼貌时，可用 please、I’m afraid 等缓和表达。不要把 direct 自动理解成无礼。

She was direct with me about the problem.

她坦率地告诉了我这个问题。

I’ll be direct: we need more time.

我就直说吧：我们需要更多时间。
common 明确的；直截了当的

📖 表示意思以清楚、明白的方式说出，没有含糊的暗示或需要猜测的转弯表达。

💡 常见结构是“a direct answer/question/statement”或“in direct terms”。它强调信息表达清楚，不一定强调说话人的性格坦率。与 s3 相比，这一义项更侧重话语本身是否明确。

He gave me a direct answer.

他给了我一个明确的答复。
common 直系的

📖 用于亲属或血统关系时，表示沿着父母、祖父母等一条直系血缘传下去，而不是旁系关系。

💡 常见搭配是“the direct line of descent”或“a direct descendant”。它描述的是血统关系，不是日常路线意义上的“直”。在法律、家谱和历史语境中较常见。

She is a direct descendant of the town’s founder.

她是这座城镇创始人的直系后代。
rare 顺行的

📖 在天文学中，表示天体按通常的总体方向运动，而不是出现逆行运动；仍可理解为沿规定方向前进。

💡 主要出现在天文学或占星术语中，常与 retrograde 对比。普通交流中不要用它来表示一般的“直接”。通常放在描述天体运动的名词前。
common 直接选举或决定的

📖 在政治语境中，表示人民通过投票直接作出选择或决定，而不是先选出代表再由代表决定。

💡 常见搭配是“direct election”“direct vote”和“direct democracy”。这个义项通常修饰政治制度、选举或民主形式。不要把它理解成“快速选举”，重点是人民是否直接参与决定。

The mayor was chosen by direct election.

市长由直接选举产生。
common 直飞的；航班号相同的

📖 在航空语境中，表示旅程使用同一个航班号；它通常意味着不必更换航班，但不一定保证飞机中途完全不停。

💡 常见搭配是“a direct flight to ...”。航空用语中 direct 与 nonstop 不完全相同：direct 可能中途停留但不换航班，nonstop 才明确表示不停站。订票时要根据具体行程确认是否需要中途停留。

Is there a direct flight from Madrid to Tokyo?

有从马德里直飞东京的航班吗？
rare 直觉主义的

📖 在逻辑和数学中，表示不采用排中律或反证法来证明命题，而是要求更直接地构造或说明对象。

💡 主要出现在逻辑、数学哲学和理论计算机科学中，常见于“direct proof”等术语。不要把这里的 direct 理解成普通语言中的“说话直白”。这是专业术语，初学者先识别其领域含义即可。

more direct comparative most direct superlative

adv

rare 直接地；直达地

📖 表示动作沿直线或直接方向进行，不经过绕行；可以看作“直着朝目标去”的副词用法。

💡 可放在动词后表示行进方式，但现代日常英语中通常优先使用 directly。不要把形容词 direct 随意当作副词使用；在大多数一般句子里，直接修饰动词时应考虑 directly。

more direct comparative most direct superlative

verb

core 管理；操控

📖 表示负责把一个组织、事务、行动或力量朝着目标安排和控制，像把整体运行方向握在手中。

💡 常见结构是“direct an organization/campaign/operation”或“direct the work of ...”。宾语通常是事务、活动或行动，而不是单纯的意见。表示拍电影时也可用 direct，但那是同一“掌控创作方向”的延伸。

She directs a team of engineers.

她负责管理一个工程师团队。

He directed the rescue operation.

他指挥了这次救援行动。
common 把……指向

📖 表示把武器、光线、注意力或行动的方向对准某个目标，让它朝目标而去。

💡 常见结构是“direct something at/toward(s) someone or something”。at 更强调瞄准对象，towards 更强调朝向。不要把它误解为一定已经击中或到达目标，它只说明方向被设定了。

The photographer directed the light toward the doorway.

摄影师把灯光对准了门口。
core 指引；指向

📖 表示告诉某人应走哪条路、去哪里，或把某人引向正确的信息来源；核心是为对方指出方向。

💡 常见结构是“direct someone to a place/person/page”。表示指路时，to 后接地点或目的地；表示让人查找资料时，也可接网站、部门或文件。它比 show 更强调明确指出应去的方向。

A volunteer directed us to the nearest exit.

一名志愿者指引我们去最近的出口。

The receptionist directed me to the right office.

前台把我指引到正确的办公室。
common 命令；要求

📖 表示以权威身份明确要求某人做某事，把对方的行动指向规定的结果。

💡 常见结构是“direct someone to do something”。这个结构通常比 ask 更有命令或正式指示的意味，主语多是上级、机构或有权作决定的人。不要漏掉 to；后面通常接带 to 的动词原形。

The officer directed everyone to leave the building.

那名警官命令所有人离开大楼。
rare 在信件上写明收件地址

📖 旧式用法中，表示在信件上写明应送达的特定人或地点；仍可理解为把邮件指向明确的收件对象。

💡 这一义项带有过时色彩，现代英语通常说 address a letter or envelope。不要把它与现代常见的“指导、管理”混用；遇到旧信件或历史文本时再识别即可。

dated

directs present,singular,third-person directing participle,present directed participle,past directed past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 24 组

lacking compromising or mitigating elements; exact

同义词集: direct

the direct opposite

近似: absolute

without deviation;

同义词集: directly straight direct

the path leads directly to the lake

went direct to the office

plan and direct (a complex undertaking)

同义词集: mastermind engineer direct organize organise orchestrate

he masterminded the robbery

上位: plan

specifically design a product, event, or activity for a certain public

同义词集: calculate aim direct

上位: designate, destine, intend, specify

command with authority

同义词集: direct

He directed the children to do their homework

上位: enjoin, order, say, tell

give directions to; point somebody into a certain direction

同义词集: direct

I directed them towards the town hall

上位: apprise, apprize, instruct

direct in spatial dimensions; proceeding without deviation or interruption; straight and short; ;

同义词集: direct

a direct route

a direct flight

a direct hit

反义: indirect 近似: door-to-door, nonstop, point-blank, straightforward 参见: straight

(of a current) flowing in one direction only

同义词集: direct

direct current

反义: alternating

straightforward in means or manner or behavior or language or action; ;

同义词集: direct

a direct question

a direct response

a direct approach

反义: indirect 近似: bluff, blunt, brutal, candid, flat-footed, flatfooted, forthright, frank, free-spoken, man-to-man, no-nonsense, outspoken, plain, plainspoken, point-blank, pointed, square(a), straight, straight-from-the-shoulder, straightforward, unvarnished, upfront 参见: honest, honorable

similar in nature or effect or relation to another quantity

同义词集: direct

a term is in direct proportion to another term if it increases (or decreases) as the other increases (or decreases)

反义: inverse

moving from west to east on the celestial sphere; or--for planets--around the sun in the same direction as the Earth

同义词集: direct

反义: retrograde

having no intervening persons, agents, conditions; ; ; ; ;

同义词集: direct unmediated

in direct sunlight

in direct contact with the voters

direct exposure to the disease

a direct link

the direct cause of the accident

direct vote

近似: immediate

in precisely the same words used by a writer or speaker;

同义词集: direct verbatim

a direct quotation

repeated their dialog verbatim

近似: exact

put an address on (an envelope)

同义词集: address direct

上位: label 下位: instrument

intend (something) to move towards a certain goal; ;

同义词集: target aim place direct point

He aimed his fists towards his opponent's face

criticism directed at her superior

direct your anger towards others, not towards yourself

上位: aim, take, take aim, train 下位: address

point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards; ; ;

同义词集: aim take train take aim direct

Please don't aim at your little brother!

He trained his gun on the burglar

Don't train your camera on the women

Take a swipe at one's opponent

上位: position 下位: aim, charge, hold, level, place, point, sight, swing, target, turn

in a straight unbroken line of descent from parent to child; ; ;

同义词集: lineal direct

lineal ancestors

lineal heirs

a direct descendant of the king

direct heredity

反义: collateral, indirect 近似: unilateral 参见: related

guide the actors in (plays and films)

同义词集: direct

上位: create, make

lead, as in the performance of a composition

同义词集: conduct lead direct

conduct an orchestra; Barenboim conducted the Chicago symphony for years

上位: do, execute, perform

being an immediate result or consequence

同义词集: direct

a direct result of the accident

近似: primary

direct the course; determine the direction of travelling

同义词集: steer maneuver manoeuver manoeuvre direct point head guide channelize channelise

上位: command, control 下位: channel, conn, corner, crab, dock, helm, navigate, park, pilot, sheer, starboard, tree

cause to go somewhere; ;

同义词集: send direct

The explosion sent the car flying in the air

She sent her children to camp

He directed all his energies into his dissertation

上位: displace, move 下位: airt, blow, cast, contrive, divert, project, redirect, refer, route, throw, turn 参见: can, dismiss, displace, drop, fire, force out, give notice, give the axe, give the sack, sack, send away, send packing, terminate

take somebody somewhere; ;

同义词集: lead take direct conduct guide

We lead him to our chief

can you take me to the main entrance?

He conducted us to the palace

下位: beacon, hand, lead astray, misdirect, misguide, mislead, show, usher

be in charge of

同义词集: direct

上位: care, deal, handle, manage 下位: administer, give, guide, have, head, hold, lead, make, operate, run, steer, throw

🌳 词源

源自拉丁语 dīrectus，原意与“弄直、指引”有关；现代各义项都保留了“朝明确方向伸直或引导”的核心意象。

Borrowed from Latin dīrēctus, perfect passive participle of dīrigō (“straighten, direct”), from dis- (“asunder, in pieces, apart, in two”) + regō (“make straight, rule”). Compare dress. Doublet of derecho. For the meaning development compare with Russian напра́вить (naprávitʹ, “to direct, to turn, to aim, to level, to point”), отпра́вить (otprávitʹ, “to send, to dispatch, to forward”) connected with пра́вить (právitʹ, “to govern, to rule, to drive, to steer”).

🔄 变式

directed past directing present directs present more direct compar most direct superl

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