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deal
★★★
🇺🇸 /dˈil/
deal 的核心意思围绕“分配、处理和安排”展开:作名词可指一份、一笔划算的交易或双方达成的协议;作动词可指分发、应对、处理事务,也可指经营交易。它还可指易锯的软木及木板,并可用作若干地名和姓氏的一部分。
💡 记忆钩子
把 deal 想成“把东西分到各处并把事情安排妥当”:分出一份是“份额”,谈成一笔是“交易或协议”,着手处理事情就是“应对、处理”;“发牌”和“造成打击”也可看作把某种东西交到对象那里。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握名词的“一份、交易、协议”和动词的“处理、应对”,再学习发牌、造成打击等固定用法。
- 不要只把 deal 理解成“交易”;表示“处理某事”时常根据上下文理解为应对或办理。
- 名词表示“划算的交易”时,通常指对购买者有利的价格或条件,不只是普通交易。
- 木材义和地名、姓氏义较少见,阅读中可根据上下文辨认。
📖 中文释义
adj
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common 软木制的📖 表示某物由松木、冷杉等容易锯开的软木制成,可以把它想成把木料分配到具体物品上,安排成桌子或其他用品。💡 通常作定语,放在名词前构成“由软木制成的+名词”。这是较专业的材质说法,日常英语中也常直接说明具体木材种类;不要把它理解成表示柔软触感。not-comparableThey put a plain deal table in the hallway.他们在走廊里放了一张普通的软木桌。
name
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rare 英国城镇📖 指英格兰肯特郡的海滨城镇,属于地名;这里不是“分配东西”或“达成交易”的普通含义。
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rare 美国新泽西州地名📖 指美国新泽西州蒙茅斯县的一个自治市,名称源自肯特郡的同名城镇。
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rare 美国宾夕法尼亚州地名📖 指美国宾夕法尼亚州萨默塞特县梅耶斯代尔附近的一个非建制社区。
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rare 姓氏📖 可作为英语姓氏使用,表示人的家族姓,而不是一份东西或一项协议。
noun
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core 一份;一部分📖 指从整体中分出来的一份或一部分,正好对应“把东西分到各处”这个记忆线索;这种名词用法现在已经过时。💡 通常出现在历史或仿古语境中,格式可为“a deal of+名词”或“数词+deals of+名词”。现代英语里不要用它表示普通的“一份”,应根据语境改用更常见的表达。obsoleteThe old record says that three deals of grain were given as tribute.那份旧记录说,三份粮食被作为贡品交了出去。
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common 很多;相当多📖 表示数量很大,像是把很多东西集中分到同一个范围里;现代英语中通常由程度词修饰。💡 最常见的结构是“a great deal of+不可数名词”或“a good deal of+不可数名词”,也可说“a great deal”表示“很多”。它通常不能直接修饰可数名词复数,后者应使用相应的复数数量表达。oftenA great deal of work remains before the shop can open.这家店开门营业前还剩下很多工作要做。
deals
plural
noun
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rare 分配;分发📖 指进行分配或分发这一动作,是“把东西分到各处”的直接名词化表达;这种用法带有古旧色彩。archaic broadly
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common 发牌;一轮牌📖 指把牌分给玩家的过程,或某个玩家轮到发牌的那一次,体现了把东西交到不同对象手里的记忆线索。💡 牌类游戏中可说“deal the cards”表示发牌,也可用“it is someone’s deal”表示轮到某人发牌。这里通常和牌局语境连用,不要误解为买卖交易。It was my deal, so I shuffled the cards and gave everyone five.轮到我发牌,所以我洗了牌,给每个人发了五张。
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common 交易;买卖📖 指一次具体的买卖、交换或商业交易,也就是把双方要交付的东西安排好。💡 常见结构是“make/complete/finalize a deal with someone”,也可说“a deal to buy something”。它强调一次具体交易,不一定表示已经形成具有法律效力的正式协议。The two companies completed a deal to supply medical equipment.两家公司完成了一笔供应医疗设备的交易。
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core 划算的交易📖 指对买方或卖方有利、价格或条件很划算的一笔交易;可以把它想成把资源分配到一个特别合算的安排上。💡 常见结构是“get/find/offer a good deal”或“a great deal on+物品”。“a good deal”既可表示划算的买卖,也可在某些结构中表示很多,必须根据后面的介词和语境判断。We got a good deal on a nearly new washing machine.我们很划算地买到了一台几乎全新的洗衣机。
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core 协议;安排📖 指双方谈妥并接受的一项协议或安排,把各方的责任和结果都安排妥当;这正是记忆中“谈成一笔”的延伸。💡 常见搭配是“make/reach/sign/seal a deal”,表示达成、签署或确定协议;“close the deal”也常表示把谈判最终完成。它比一般的口头约定更强调双方已经谈妥,但不必然等同于正式合同。After two weeks of talks, the union and the company reached a deal.经过两周谈判,工会和公司达成了一项协议。The team celebrated after sealing the deal with its new sponsor.球队与新赞助商敲定协议后庆祝了一番。
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common 情况;事情📖 非正式地指眼下的情况、事情或事件,常用于询问某件事到底是怎么回事。💡 最典型的问法是“What’s the deal?”,也可以说“What’s the deal with+人或事物?”。这种用法偏口语,正式场合应根据具体意思改说“情况”“问题”或“安排”等更明确的词。informalWhat’s the deal with the meeting being moved to Friday?会议改到星期五到底是怎么回事?
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common 东西;物件📖 非正式地指叫不出名称或不想明确说明的某件东西,相当于“那个东西”。💡 常见结构是“the deal with+特征”,用于暂时指代一个不知名物件;它只适合口语,正式表达应直接说出物品名称。不要把这种用法和表示交易的 deal 混为一谈。informalPass me that deal with the four metal prongs.把那个有四根金属尖齿的东西递给我。
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common 性格问题;个人状况📖 俚语或很口语地指某人的性格特点,尤其是让人困惑或不满的那一面,以及这种表现背后的原因。💡 常见问法是“What’s someone’s deal?”,也可说“What’s the deal with someone?”;两者都很口语,语气可能带有责备或嘲讽。不要在正式或不熟悉的交际中随意使用,以免听起来像是在评判对方。slangI don’t understand his deal; he refuses every offer of help.我不明白他到底怎么回事;别人每次提出帮忙他都拒绝。
deals
plural
noun
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common 软木材料📖 指松木、冷杉等容易锯开的木材,重点是材料本身;可以把它联想到把木料分出来并安排成家具或建筑部件。💡 通常作不可数名词,常见于“made of deal”“deal boards”等木材语境。若要强调一块具体木板,应使用表示单件木板的可数用法,不要随意给材料义加不定冠词。uncountableThe old shed was covered with deal boards.那座旧棚屋外面钉满了软木板。
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common 软木板📖 指用松木或冷杉等软木制成的一块木板,是可以单独计算的木材成品。💡 作可数名词时可说“a deal”或“deal boards”,具体数量用“two deals”等表达。这个词义偏木工和建筑语境,日常谈话中也可能直接说“wooden board”。countableThe carpenter cut a deal to fit beneath the window.木匠把一块软木板锯到适合装在窗户下面的尺寸。
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rare 造船木材📖 指历史木材贸易中按商品出售的特定长度木板,尤其用于造船;这是古旧的行业用法。archaic countable
deals
plural
verb
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common 分发;分配📖 指把东西分到不同的人或地方,让每个人得到自己的一份,正是把东西“分到各处”的动作。💡 常用“deal sth out to sb”表示把某物分给某人,也可用“deal out sth”单独表示分发。这个结构比单说 give 更强调按份额分配,常见于钱、食物、任务或奖品等语境。注意 deal out 是短语动词,代词通常放在 deal 与 out 之间。transitiveThe teacher dealt out the worksheets to the students.老师把练习纸分发给学生。
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common 分发少量物品📖 指把某种东西按小份一点点发给别人,也可引申为施加某种影响或待遇。💡 常用“deal out sth”或“deal sth out”,强调把东西分成小份后发出。它也常和 kindness、punishment 等抽象名词搭配,表示施予某种待遇。不要把这里的 deal out 误解成普通的“处理”。transitiveThe nurse dealt out small doses of medicine to the patients.护士给病人分发了小剂量的药。
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common 对付;采取行动处理📖 表示针对某个人或某件事采取行动,把眼前的问题安排妥当。💡 常用“deal with sb/sth”表示处理、对付或应对某人某事,宾语通常直接放在 with 后面。这个结构既可用于正式事务,也可用于困难、投诉和紧急情况。不要漏掉 with,也不要用 deal sth with sb 表示这个意思。transitiveThe manager will deal with the customer’s complaint tomorrow.经理明天会处理这位顾客的投诉。
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common 发牌📖 指在纸牌游戏中把牌按规则分给各位玩家,可以理解为把牌分到每个人手里。💡 常用“deal the cards”表示发牌,也可说“deal sb a card”或“deal sb in”表示给某人发牌或让某人加入牌局。表示某人拿到什么牌时常用被动结构“be dealt ...”。不要把发牌和处理事务的 deal with 混为一谈。ambitransitiveIt’s your turn to deal the cards.轮到你发牌了。
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common 造成打击;造成伤害📖 表示把拳头、打击、伤口或其他伤害施加到某个对象身上,好像把这种打击交到对方那里。💡 常用“deal sb a blow”表示给某人以打击,也可用“deal damage”表示造成损害。宾语可以是人,也可以是 damage、a wound 等表示伤害的词。不要把 deal a blow 直译成“分发一个打击”,它通常表示施加或造成。transitiveThe fall dealt a serious blow to his knee.这次摔倒使他的膝盖受到严重打击。
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rare 投球📖 在某些球类运动语境中,指投出球,尤其是投出有力或很特别的一球。💡 常见于体育语境,通常接表示球或投球动作的宾语,如“deal a pitch”。这是专门的运动用法,日常表达“投球”一般使用更直接的动词。
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common 做生意;打交道📖 表示和别人进行商业往来或业务往来,也就是把交易关系安排起来。💡 常用“deal with sb”表示和某人或某家公司做生意、打交道。这个结构也可以表示业务涉及某类客户,但具体是“处理”还是“交易”要看上下文。正式场合常用 business dealings 等相关表达,日常会话中直接说 deal with 更自然。intransitiveOur company has dealt with that supplier for years.我们公司和那家供应商做生意已经很多年了。
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rare 表现;行事📖 指一个人的表现或行为方式,即他如何对待别人、如何行事。💡 这个意思较旧,现代英语中通常不用 deal 单独表示“表现得如何”,而用 behave 或 conduct oneself。遇到这一用法时多见于历史或文学语境。intransitive
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rare 行动;采取行动📖 表示采取行动或开始做某事,是较早期的用法。💡 这是过时用法,现代英语中一般改用 act、take action 或 do。主要在古旧文本中出现,不能作为日常表达使用。intransitive obsolete
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common 经营;经营某类商品📖 表示专门经营或交易某种商品或物品,把某类买卖作为业务来做。💡 固定结构是“deal in sth”,in 后面接商品、材料或某类业务。它强调经营的范围,不表示正在和某个具体人处理事务。表示从事一般商业活动时,不能随意把 deal in 换成 deal with。intransitiveThat company deals in second-hand furniture.那家公司经营二手家具。
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common 出售;贩卖📖 表示出售某种东西,尤其常用于出售非法药物;这里仍可理解为把东西交到买家手里。💡 表示贩卖毒品时常直接说“deal drugs”或“deal in drugs”,前者更口语化。表示普通商品的销售时,通常使用 sell,而不是 deal。这个用法可能带有明显的非法或负面含义,使用时要注意语境。ambitransitiveThe police arrested a man suspected of dealing drugs.警方逮捕了一名涉嫌贩毒的男子。
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common 涉及;关于📖 表示某个学科、话题或作品所涉及的内容,也就是它在处理或讨论什么。💡 常用“deal with sth”表示涉及、讨论或处理某个主题。用于书籍、文章、科学和课程时,常可译为“关于”或“涉及”;用于问题和任务时则更接近“处理”。不要只根据 deal with 判断为“对付”,要结合主语和宾语。intransitiveThis book deals with the history of modern medicine.这本书讲述了现代医学的历史。
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core 应对;处理;设法解决📖 指着手处理人或事,想办法应付并把局面安排妥当,是“把事情处理好”这一核心意思。💡 固定结构是“deal with sb/sth”,表示处理问题、应对困难或对付某人。它可以用于实际事务,也可以用于压力、情绪和复杂局面;正式程度中等,日常和工作场合都常用。不要把 deal with 误写成 deal about,也不要漏掉 with。intransitiveShe is learning how to deal with stressful situations.她正在学习如何应对有压力的情况。The technician dealt with the problem quickly.技术人员很快处理了这个问题。
deals
present,singular,third-person
dealing
participle,present
dealt
participle,past
dealt
past
dealed
nonstandard,participle,past
dealed
nonstandard,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 22 组
take into consideration for exemplifying purposes;
同义词集:
consider
take
deal
look at
Take the case of China
Consider the following case
下位: abstract, contemplate, dally, play, trifle
act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression; ;
同义词集:
cover
treat
handle
plow
deal
address
This book deals with incest
The course covered all of Western Civilization
The new book treats the history of China
上位: broach, initiate
下位: discourse, discuss, talk about
the act of apportioning or distributing something
同义词集:
deal
the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions
上位: allocation, allotment, apportioning, apportionment, assignation, parceling, parcelling
the act of distributing playing cards
同义词集:
deal
the deal was passed around the table clockwise
上位: distribution
a particular instance of buying or selling; ;
同义词集:
deal
trade
business deal
it was a package deal
I had no further trade with him
he's a master of the business deal
上位: dealing, dealings, transaction
do business; offer for sale as for one's livelihood;
同义词集:
deal
sell
trade
She deals in gold
The brothers sell shoes
下位: hawk, huckster, market, monger, peddle, pitch, push, pyramid, vend
参见: administer, allot, deal out, dish out, dispense, distribute, dole out, lot, merchandise, mete out, parcel out, shell out, trade
sell
同义词集:
deal
deal hashish
上位: sell, trade
distribute cards to the players in a game
同义词集:
deal
Who's dealing?
上位: administer, allot, deal out, dish out, dispense, distribute, dole out, lot, mete out, parcel out, shell out
give (a specific card) to a player
同义词集:
deal
He dealt me the Queen of Spades
上位: give, hand, pass, pass on, reach, turn over
give out as one's portion or share
同义词集:
share
divvy up
portion out
apportion
deal
上位: distribute, give out, hand out, pass out
administer or bestow, as in small portions; ; ; ;
同义词集:
distribute
administer
mete out
deal
parcel out
lot
dispense
shell out
deal out
dish out
allot
dole out
administer critical remarks to everyone present
dole out some money
shell out pocket money for the children
deal a blow to someone
the machine dispenses soft drinks
上位: give
下位: allot, apply, assign, give, portion
take action with respect to (someone or something);
同义词集:
deal
How are we going to deal with this problem?
The teacher knew how to deal with these lazy students
上位: act, move
behave in a certain way towards others
同义词集:
deal
He deals fairly with his employees
上位: acquit, bear, behave, carry, comport, conduct, deport
be in charge of, act on, or dispose of; ;
同义词集:
manage
deal
care
handle
I can deal with this crew of workers
This blender can't handle nuts
She managed her parents' affairs after they got too old
上位: command, control
下位: administer, administrate, carry on, conduct, coordinate, direct, juggle, mind, misconduct, mishandle, mismanage, organise, organize, process, take care, touch, work
direct the course of; manage or control
同义词集:
conduct
carry on
deal
You cannot conduct business like this
上位: care, handle, manage
succeed in doing, achieving, or producing (something) with the limited or inadequate means available;
同义词集:
cope
get by
make out
make do
contend
grapple
deal
manage
We got by on just a gallon of gas
They made do on half a loaf of bread every day
上位: act, move
下位: cut, extemporize, fend, hack, improvise
an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each;
同义词集:
bargain
deal
he made a bargain with the devil
he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals
上位: agreement, understanding
the type of treatment received (especially as the result of an agreement)
同义词集:
deal
he got a good deal on his car
上位: final result, outcome, result, resultant, termination
the cards held in a card game by a given player at any given time;
同义词集:
hand
deal
I didn't hold a good hand all evening
he kept trying to see my hand
上位: accumulation, aggregation, assemblage, collection
(often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent; ; ; ; ; ; ;
同义词集:
batch
deal
flock
good deal
great deal
hatful
heap
lot
mass
mess
mickle
mint
mountain
muckle
passel
peck
pile
plenty
pot
quite a little
raft
sight
slew
spate
stack
tidy sum
wad
a batch of letters
a deal of trouble
a lot of money
he made a mint on the stock market
see the rest of the winners in our huge passel of photos
it must have cost plenty
a slew of journalists
a wad of money
下位: deluge, flood, inundation, torrent
wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir)
同义词集:
softwood
deal
上位: wood
a plank of softwood (fir or pine board)
同义词集:
deal
上位: board, plank
🌳 词源
名词和动词的主要词源都与“分开、分配、份额”有关;表示木材的形容词和名词、以及地名义则来自不同词源。
From Middle English del, dele, from Old English dǣl (“part, share, portion”), from Proto-West Germanic *daili, from Proto-Germanic *dailiz (“part, deal”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰ(h₁)-oy-lo- (“part, watershed”). Cognate with Scots dele (“part, portion”), West Frisian diel (“part, share”), Dutch deel (“part, share, portion”), German Teil (“part, portion, section”), Danish, Slovene, and Swedish del (“part”), Icelandic deila (“division, contention”), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 (dails, “portion”). Related to Old English dāl (“portion”). More at dole.
🔄 变式
dealed
past
dealing
present
deals
plural
dealt
past
🏷 单词标签 & 词根