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cultivate
★★
🇺🇸 /kˈʌltʌvˌeɪt/
🇬🇧 /ˈkʌltɪvɛjt/
cultivate 是“耕作、培育”,既可指种植作物,也可引申为培养兴趣、关系或能力。
💡 记忆钩子
想象一个人先把土地翻松、照料作物,让它生长;这个“持续照料并促成成长”的画面,就从培育庄稼扩展到培养兴趣、能力和关系。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“种植、耕作”和“培养、促进”两条主线;不要把 cultivate 只理解成“文化”或“变得有教养”。
📖 中文释义
verb
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core 种植;耕作📖 指耕种土地、种植作物,使其能够生长并收获。这是 cultivate 最直接、最原始的意思。💡 常用句型是 cultivate + 作物,也可以说 cultivate + 土地。它多用于农业或较正式的说明语境;说日常养花时,通常用 grow 或 plant 更自然。不要把它误解为单纯“收获”,重点是耕作和培育的过程。Most farmers in this region cultivate maize.这个地区的大多数农民都种植玉米。The family cultivates a small plot behind the house.这家人在房子后面耕种一小块地。
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core 培养;培育📖 指有意识地投入时间和精力,使兴趣、能力、习惯或关系逐渐形成和发展。它和培育作物的画面相同,只是对象换成了抽象事物。💡 常用句型是 cultivate + 兴趣、能力、习惯、关系等,也可说 cultivate an interest in + 某领域。这个意思通常带有主动、持续培养的意味,正式度略高于 develop;不要把它仅仅理解成“拥有”某种兴趣或关系。figurativelyThe teacher used games to cultivate an interest in reading.老师用游戏培养学生对阅读的兴趣。She has worked hard to cultivate strong relationships with her clients.她一直努力与客户培养牢固的关系。
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common 翻耕;松土📖 特指在播种前翻动、松散土地,或在作物生长期间翻土除草。这是“耕作、培育”这一核心意思中更具体的农业操作。💡 常用句型是 cultivate + soil/land,或 cultivate the soil between + 作物。这个用法比“种植作物”更具体,强调翻土和控制杂草,不一定表示已经播种。一般出现在农业、园艺或技术说明中。Before planting, the farmer cultivates the soil to remove weeds.播种前,农民翻耕土地以清除杂草。
cultivates
present,singular,third-person
cultivating
participle,present
cultivated
participle,past
cultivated
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 4 组
adapt (a wild plant or unclaimed land) to the environment;
同义词集:
domesticate
cultivate
naturalize
naturalise
tame
domesticate oats
tame the soil
上位: accommodate, adapt
prepare for crops;
同义词集:
cultivate
crop
work
Work the soil
cultivate the land
上位: fix, gear up, prepare, ready, set, set up
foster the growth of
同义词集:
cultivate
下位: farm, grow, produce, raise
teach or refine to be discriminative in taste or judgment; ;
同义词集:
educate
school
train
cultivate
civilize
civilise
Cultivate your musical taste
Train your tastebuds
She is well schooled in poetry
上位: down, fine-tune, polish, refine
🌳 词源
源自拉丁语中表示“耕作、培育”的词,核心一直围绕翻耕土地和促成生长。
From Medieval Latin cultivātus, perfect passive participle of cultivō (“till, cultivate”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) for more), from cultīvus (“tilled”), from Latin cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“till, cultivate”), which comes from earlier *quelō, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”). Cognates include Ancient Greek πέλω (pélō) and Sanskrit चरति (cárati). The same Proto-Indo-European root also gave Latin in-quil-īnus (“inhabitant”) and anculus (“servant”).
🔄 变式
cultivated
past
cultivates
present
cultivating
present
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