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cry

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🇺🇸 /kɹˈaɪ/

noun 编号: C04237 牛津3000 BNC #1518 COCA #1351

cry 既可以表示流泪，也可以表示发出响亮的声音；作名词时还可指这种声音、呼喊或紧急请求。

💡 记忆钩子

把 cry 想成“情绪或信息冲破平静、向外发出”的声音：难过时流泪是 cry，大声喊叫是 cry，喊出来的话叫 a cry；动物发出的叫声、公众的呼吁和紧急求助，也都是这种向外发出的声音或信号。

📝 学习建议

不要把 cry 只记成“哭”；先掌握“流泪”和“大声喊叫”两个核心意思，再扩展到名词“叫声、呼喊、呼吁”。
cry 有时描述流泪，有时描述发声，具体含义要结合主语和上下文判断；表示普通的“哭泣”时，不要自动理解成正式或夸张的悲痛。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 哭泣；一阵眼泪

📖 指流泪这件事，或一次因悲伤、愤怒等情绪而哭泣的经历。它仍然保留了“情绪向外涌出”的核心画面。

💡 常用结构是“have a cry”或“a good cry”，表示哭一场、痛痛快快地哭一场。cry 在这里是可数名词，通常要有冠词或其他限定词；不要把它误解成单纯的“眼泪”这一物质。

After the breakup, she went home for a good cry.

分手后，她回家痛痛快快地哭了一场。
common 叫喊；喊声

📖 指人突然或大声发出的声音，可能是呼救、惊叫，也可能只是远处传来的喊声。

💡 常见结构是“hear a cry from + 地点”或“a loud cry”。它强调一个突然传出的声音，不一定表示说出了完整的话；若强调持续而有力地喊叫，通常要结合动词用法理解。

We heard a cry from the garden and ran outside.

我们听到花园里传来一声喊叫，就跑了出去。
common 喊出的话；口号

📖 指被喊出来、用来表达立场或鼓舞人心的词语，尤其可以指战斗口号或集体口号。

💡 常见结构是“a battle cry”或“a cry of + 名词”。这里的 cry 不是“哭”，而是把某句话大声喊出来形成的口号或宣言；不要把它和普通的 cry out 直接等同。

Their battle cry echoed across the valley.

他们的战斗口号在山谷中回荡。
common 公众呼声；强烈抗议

📖 指许多人共同发出的强烈意见、抗议或要求，好像声音汇聚成一片向外冲出的呼喊。

💡 常见结构是“a public cry against + 对象”或“a cry for + 改变”。这种用法多见于新闻、评论和较正式的书面语；不要只按一个人的叫喊来理解，而要注意它通常带有群体反应的意味。

There was a public cry for safer streets after the accident.

事故发生后，公众强烈呼吁改善街道安全。
rare 一群猎犬

📖 旧式集体名词，指一群猎犬，名称来自它们一起发出的叫声。

collective
rare 一群人；一伙人

📖 旧时或贬义地指一群人、同一伙人，带有把人群看作喧闹集体的色彩。

broadly derogatory obsolete
common 动物的叫声

📖 指某种动物通常发出的声音，例如狗叫、马嘶；它把动物的声音看作该物种发出的信号。

💡 常见结构是“the cry of + 动物”。这个用法可以泛指动物叫声，不要误以为 cry 只用于人的哭喊；具体声音名称仍可由上下文说明。

The cry of a fox woke us before dawn.

黎明前，一只狐狸的叫声把我们吵醒了。
common 紧急请求；呼救

📖 指带有强烈紧迫感的请求，仿佛把需要向外喊出来，最常见的是求助或要求保护。

💡 常见结构是“a cry for help”或“a cry for + 抽象需要”。它通常比普通 request 更有情绪和紧迫感；不要把 for 后面的内容理解成哭泣的对象。

The letter was a desperate cry for help.

这封信是一封绝望的求救信。
rare 传闻；舆论说法

📖 旧式用法，指流传开来的消息或传闻，相当于某种在公众之间传开的声音。

obsolete

cries plural

verb

core 哭；流泪

📖 指因悲伤、疼痛、愤怒等而流泪或哭泣，是“情绪向外涌出”最直接的表现。

💡 常见结构是“cry about/over + 事情”或“make someone cry”。cry 通常不需要宾语，若说明哭的原因，可用 about 或 over；不要把 cry about 理解成“为某人呼喊”。

intransitive

The film always makes me cry.

这部电影总是让我哭。

He cried over the unfair decision.

他为那个不公平的决定哭了。
common 大声宣布；喊出

📖 指把某句话、判断或意见响亮地喊出来，甚至公开宣布出来，让别人都听见。

💡 常见结构是“cry + 话语”或“cry shame/folly”，也可接公开宣布的内容。这个用法比普通说话更响亮、更有宣告感；不要看到 cry 就只翻译成“哭”。

transitive

The crowd cried shame when the referee ignored the foul.

裁判无视犯规时，人群大声斥责太不像话了。
core 喊叫；尖叫

📖 指发出响亮、强烈的声音，可以是喊、叫或尖叫；它和哭泣一样，都是把强烈情绪或信号冲向外界。

💡 常见结构是“cry out”或“cry in pain/fear”，也可以直接用 cry 表示喊叫。cry out 往往比单独的 cry 更突出突然和响亮；不要把它和轻声说话混用。

ambitransitive

She cried out when she touched the hot pan.

她碰到热锅时尖叫了一声。
common 强烈要求被注意

📖 用于比喻，表示某件事迫切地要求人们注意，好像它自己在大声呼喊。

💡 常见结构是“something cries out for + 名词”或“cry aloud for + 需要的东西”。主语通常是问题、事实或需求，而不是实际会说话的人；这是比喻用法，常见于评论和较有感染力的表达。

figuratively intransitive

The broken window cries out for repair.

那扇破窗急需修理。
common 动物发出叫声

📖 指动物发出没有具体词语的声音，例如幼鸟鸣叫或小狗叫；这里的 cry 是动物向外发出的自然信号。

💡 常见结构是“the animal cries”或“young animals cry”。它通常描述动物发声，不一定表示痛苦；要表达更具体的声音，可以根据动物选择其他动词。

intransitive

The hungry chicks cried in the nest.

饥饿的小鸟在巢里不停地叫。
common 哭到进入某种状态

📖 指通过哭泣使自己达到某种状态，最常见的是哭着睡着；重点不是“让别人哭”，而是哭泣带来的结果。

💡 常见结构是“cry oneself + 状态”，例如 cry oneself to sleep。这里 oneself 是哭泣者本人；不要把它误解成普通的“使某人哭”，后者通常用 make someone cry。

transitive

The child cried herself to sleep after the nightmare.

孩子做了噩梦后哭着睡着了。
rare 当众叫卖或宣布

📖 旧式用法，指通过大声喊叫公开宣布、叫卖商品，或通知失物等事项。

cries present,singular,third-person crying participle,present cried participle,past cried past cry first-person,present,singular cried first-person,past,singular cryed archaic,first-person,past,singular cry present,second-person,singular criest archaic,present,second-person,singular cryest archaic,present,second-person,singular cried past,second-person,singular cryed archaic,past,second-person,singular criedst archaic,past,second-person,singular cryedst archaic,past,second-person,singular crieth archaic,present,singular,third-person cryeth archaic,present,singular,third-person cried past,singular,third-person cryed archaic,past,singular,third-person cry plural,present cried past,plural cryed archaic,past,plural cry present,subjunctive cried past,subjunctive cryed archaic,past,subjunctive cry imperative,present - imperative,past cryed archaic,participle,past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 12 组

shed tears because of sadness, rage, or pain;

同义词集: cry weep

She cried bitterly when she heard the news of his death

The girl in the wheelchair wept with frustration when she could not get up the stairs

反义: express joy, express mirth, laugh 下位: mewl, pule, sob, tear, wail, whimper

bring into a particular state by crying

同义词集: cry

The little boy cried himself to sleep

上位: alter, change, modify

utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy; ;

同义词集: exclaim cry cry out outcry call out shout

`I won!' he exclaimed

`Help!' she cried

`I'm here,' the mother shouted when she saw her child looking lost

上位: express, give tongue to, utter, verbalise, verbalize 下位: aah, gee, ooh

utter a sudden loud cry;

同义词集: shout shout out cry call yell scream holler hollo squall

she cried with pain when the doctor inserted the needle

I yelled to her from the window but she couldn't hear me

上位: emit, let loose, let out, utter 下位: howl, hurrah, pipe, pipe up, roar, screak, screech, shriek, shrill, skreak, skreigh, squawk, ululate, wail, whoop, yaup, yawl 参见: call out, cry out, exclaim, outcry, shout

proclaim or announce in public;

同义词集: cry blazon out

before we had newspapers, a town crier would cry the news

He cried his merchandise in the market square

上位: announce, denote

utter a characteristic sound

同义词集: cry

The cat was crying

上位: emit, let loose, let out, utter

demand immediate action

同义词集: cry

This situation is crying for attention

上位: need, require, want

a fit of weeping

同义词集: cry

had a good cry

上位: blowup, ebullition, effusion, gush, outburst

a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition

同义词集: cry outcry call yell shout vociferation

the speaker was interrupted by loud cries from the rear of the audience

下位: bellow, bellowing, bird, boo, bronx cheer, clamor, clamoring, clamour, clamouring, hiss, holla, holler, hollering, hollo, holloa, hoot, hue and cry, noise, raspberry, razz, razzing, roar, roaring, scream, screaming, screech, screeching, shouting, shriek, shrieking, snort, whoop, yelling, yowl

a loud utterance of emotion (especially when inarticulate);

同义词集: cry yell

a cry of rage

a yell of pain

下位: complaint

a slogan used to rally support for a cause;

同义词集: war cry rallying cry battle cry cry watchword

a cry to arms

our watchword will be `democracy'

上位: catchword, motto, shibboleth, slogan

the characteristic utterance of an animal

同义词集: cry

animal cries filled the night

上位: sound 下位: baa, bark, bay, bray, cheep, coo, crow, gobble, growl, growling, honk, howl, meow, mew, miaou, miaow, miaul, moo, peep, roar, yelp, yelping, yip

🌳 词源

动词来自中古英语和古法语，名词也由同一动词词源发展而来。13世纪起，cry 扩展出“流泪、哭泣”的意思，并逐渐取代较古的 weep。

The verb is from Middle English crien (13th century), from Old French crier, from Vulgar Latin *crītāre, generally thought to derive from Classical Latin quirītāre (Proto-West Germanic *krītan has also been suggested as a source). The noun corresponds to Middle English cry, crie, from Old French cri, a deverbal of crier. etymology note Middle English crien eventually displaced native Middle English galen (“to cry out”) (from Old English galan), Middle English greden (“to cry out”) (from Old English grǣdan), Middle English yermen (“to bellow, mourn, lament”) (from Old English ġierman), Middle English hooen, hoen (“to cry out”) (from Old Norse hóa), Middle English remen (“to cry, shout”) (from Old English hrīeman, compare Old English hrēam (“noise, outcry, lamentation, alarm”)), Middle English greten, graten (“to weep, cry, lament”) (from Old English grǣtan and Old Norse gráta). More at greet, regret. Already in the 13th century, the meaning was extended to include the sense "to shed tears" (natively weep); cry used in this sense had mostly replaced weep by the 16th century.

🔄 变式

- imperat cried 1st_sg criedst archaic cries plural criest archaic crieth archaic cryed archaic cryedst archaic cryest archaic cryeth archaic crying present

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