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construction
★★★
🇺🇸 /kʌnstɹˈʌkʃʌn/
construction 主要表示“把东西搭建出来”这一过程，也可指搭成的东西、建造行业、结构方式，以及由此引申出的词语结构和对文字或行为的解释。
💡 记忆钩子
把零散材料搭成一个整体，就是 construction：先是“建造的过程”，再是“建成的东西”或“建造行业”，还可以指东西的“结构方式”；当材料变成词语或文本时，它也可表示词语结构，以及人们据此“搭出”的解释和理解。
📝 学习建议
- 不要只把 construction 记成“建筑物”；最值得先掌握的是“建造过程”和“建筑行业”，然后再扩展到“结构、词语组合、解释”等抽象义。
- 看到 construction 时，先判断它是在说实际建造，还是在说词语、文本或行为如何被组织和理解。
📖 中文释义
noun
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core 建造过程📖 指把桥梁、房屋等东西建起来的过程，重点在“正在搭建”这一行动，而不是最后的建筑物。💡 常用句型是“construction is under way”或“construction on/of something”，表示某项工程正在进行。这里通常作不可数名词，不能随意加复数；若要说一项具体工程，常用 project，而不是把 construction 本身当作项目名称。countable uncountableConstruction on the new hospital will begin next month.新医院的建设将于下个月开始。The road is closed because of construction.这条路因施工而封闭。
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common 建成的东西📖 指已经被建造出来的物体或作品，强调“搭成的结果”，而不是建造过程。💡 常见句型是“a construction”或“someone’s construction”，尤其用于谈某人制作的结构、模型或工程成果。这个用法比表示施工的不可数用法更具体，有时带有正式或书面色彩；日常说普通建筑物时，building 往往更自然。countable uncountableThe children proudly showed us their wooden construction.孩子们自豪地给我们看他们用木头搭成的作品。
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common 建筑行业📖 指以建造房屋、道路和其他结构为业的行业或工作领域。💡 最常见的句型是“work in construction”或“a job in construction”，这里通常不加冠词，也通常不使用复数。它指行业整体，不一定特指某一次施工；说具体施工现场时，需要结合 site 等词。countable uncountableMy uncle has worked in construction for more than twenty years.我叔叔在建筑行业工作了二十多年。
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common 建筑或结构物📖 指一座由材料建成的建筑、模型或其他结构，重点是它作为一个实体而存在。💡 常见形式是“a construction of + 材料”，例如描述钢铁和玻璃构成的建筑。这个用法较正式，有时显得不如 building 或 structure 自然；不要在普通对话中用它替代所有表示“建筑”的词。countable uncountableThe museum is an impressive construction of stone and glass.这座博物馆是一座由石材和玻璃建成的壮观建筑。
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rare 艺术构成物📖 在艺术语境中，指由不同材料或部件组合成的抽象艺术作品。💡 通常出现在展览说明、作品标题或艺术评论中，日常交流很少这样使用。谈普通艺术作品时，work 或 artwork 往往更自然。countable uncountable
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common 构造方式📖 指某件东西是怎样被做成的，也就是它的材料安排、制作方式或整体结构。💡 常见句型是“of simple/solid/poor construction”，形容某物的做工或结构特点。这里通常放在形容词后作不可数名词；它强调制作和结构方式，不只是物体的外形。countable uncountableThis table is sturdy despite its simple construction.这张桌子的构造虽然简单，却很结实。
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core 词语结构📖 指按照一定规则排列起来、能够表达完整意义的一组词，也就是一种语言结构。💡 常见句型是“the construction ‘……’”或“a grammatical construction”，后面可接具体词语或结构名称。这个用法多见于语法和语言学讨论；不要把它误解为实际的建筑工程。countable uncountableThe construction “the more you practice, the better you become” is common in English.“你练习得越多，进步就越大”这一结构在英语中很常见。
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common 对文本的解读📖 指解释某段文字、法律条文或其他内容时所采用的理解方式，强调解释这一行为或结果。💡 常见搭配是“a strict/narrow/broad construction of + 文本或条款”。它多用于法律、学术或正式讨论；表示个人意见时，interpretation 通常比 construction 更直接自然。countable uncountableThe court rejected that narrow construction of the law.法院驳回了对这项法律的狭义解读。
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core 对行为的看法📖 指观察者怎样理解或评价某人的话、行为或事情，也就是从这些材料中“搭出”的意义和印象。💡 常见句型是“put a good/bad/worst construction on something”，表示用某种方式理解某事。这个搭配通常指他人对行为的解读，常带有正式或书面色彩；不要把 put construction on 直译成“把建筑放在某物上”。countable uncountableTry not to put the worst construction on her silence.尽量不要把她的沉默往最坏的方面理解。
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rare 尺规作图📖 在几何学中，指用直尺和圆规画出的特定图形或作图结果。💡 这是数学教材和几何证明中的专门用法，通常与 straightedge、compass 等术语一起出现。日常语境中的 construction 一般不表示这种数学作图。countable uncountable
constructions
plural
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 7 组
drawing a figure satisfying certain conditions as part of solving a problem or proving a theorem
同义词集:
construction
the assignment was to make a construction that could be used in proving the Pythagorean theorem
上位: mathematical operation, mathematical process, operation
the act of constructing something;
同义词集:
construction
building
during the construction we had to take a detour
his hobby was the building of boats
下位: assembly, erecting, erection, fabrication, grading, leveling, ship building, shipbuilding
the commercial activity involved in repairing old structures or constructing new ones;
同义词集:
construction
building
their main business is home construction
workers in the building trades
上位: business, business enterprise, commercial enterprise
下位: jerry-building
a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts;
同义词集:
structure
construction
the structure consisted of a series of arches
she wore her hair in an amazing construction of whirls and ribbons
上位: artefact, artifact
下位: airdock, altar, arcade, arch, area, arena, balance, balcony, boarding, body, bowl, bridge, building, building complex, catchment, coil, colonnade, column, complex, corner, counterbalance, cross, defence, defense, defensive structure, divider, door, edifice, equilibrium, equipoise, erection, establishment, floor, fountain, guide, hangar, helix, hill, honeycomb, housing, hull, impediment, impedimenta, landing, landing place, level, living accommodations, lodging, lookout, lookout station, masonry, memorial, monument, mound, observation tower, observatory, obstructer, obstruction, obstructor, offset, partition, pillar, platform, porch, projection, quoin, repair shed, sail, set-back, setoff, shelter, shipway, sign, signboard, slipway, span, spiral, sports stadium, stadium, storey, story, superstructure, tower, volute, ways, weapons platform, whorl
the creation of a construct; the process of combining ideas into a congruous object of thought
同义词集:
construction
mental synthesis
上位: cerebration, intellection, mentation, thinking, thought, thought process
下位: gestation
a group of words that form a constituent of a sentence and are considered as a single unit
同义词集:
construction
grammatical construction
expression
I concluded from his awkward constructions that he was a foreigner
上位: constituent, grammatical constituent
下位: adjunct, clause, complement, phrase
an interpretation of a text or action
同义词集:
construction
twist
they put an unsympathetic construction on his conduct
上位: interpretation
🌳 词源
源自拉丁语 construere，经过古法语和中古英语传入英语；词形上可理解为 construct 加名词后缀 -ion。
From Middle English construccioun, construction, from Old French construction, from Latin cōnstructiō, from cōnstruere.
Morphologically construct + -ion.
🔄 变式
constructions
plural
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