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confused
★★
🇺🇸 /kʌnfjˈuzd/
🇬🇧 /kənˈfjuːzd/
形容人想不清楚、辨不明方向,也可形容事物杂乱、说不通,或人因尴尬而不自在。
💡 记忆钩子
把头脑想成一张被搅乱的地图:信息一乱,人就想不清楚、找不着方向;事情一乱,就显得杂乱或不合逻辑;人在尴尬时,思绪也像被搅乱一样不知所措。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握“人想不清楚”这一核心义,再扩展到“方向不明”和“事情杂乱、说不通”。
- 注意 confused 通常描述受到混乱影响的人或事物;表示“令人困惑的”要用 confusing,不要混用。
📖 中文释义
adj
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core 想不清楚;无法理解📖 指人的思考或理解被搅乱,因而不能清楚地判断、解释或弄明白某件事。这是 confused 最核心、最常用的意思。💡 常用句型是 be confused about + 名词,或 be confused by + 原因;也可接疑问词从句。它既可用于正式说明,也常用于日常表达,通常暗示信息太多、解释不清或情况复杂。不要把它误解成单纯的“不知道”,重点是“原本想理解,却被弄得理不清”。I'm confused about which form I need to fill out.我搞不清楚自己需要填写哪张表。Many parents are confused by the different advice about screen time.许多家长被关于屏幕使用时间的各种不同建议弄糊涂了。
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common 迷失方向;不知身在何处📖 指人因为环境、路线或突发情况而失去方位感,不知道该往哪里走或接下来该做什么。这是“头脑里的地图被搅乱”的具体表现。💡 常用 be/get confused in + 地点,或 be confused about where/how to go;谈路线时也常与方向、出口等词连用。该义比 lost 更强调方向判断混乱,不一定表示彻底迷路。用于人时通常作表语,不宜直接把它当作“令人迷路”的意思。I got confused in the station and missed the train.我在车站里搞不清方向,错过了火车。
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common 杂乱的;混杂不清的📖 指信息、安排、声音或物品彼此混在一起,没有清楚的次序或结构。这里不是人在困惑,而是外部事物本身像被搅成一团。💡 常用作定语,放在 information、list、story、mess 等名词前,也可用在 a confused mass of + 名词中。它偏向描述结构或次序混乱,语气通常比完全负面的评价更中性。修饰人时一般不要用这个义项,以免和“感到困惑”混淆。The report presents a confused mixture of facts and opinions.这份报告把事实和观点杂乱地混在了一起。
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common 说不通的;不合逻辑的📖 指一个观点、论证或解释的联系和顺序乱了,听起来不能自圆其说。它与“杂乱”相近,但更强调意义不清、推理不通。💡 常用来修饰 argument、explanation、message、account 等表达思想的名词,也可用在 a confused account of + 事件中。这个义项评价的是表达或推理本身,不是听众是否理解。不要仅凭别人没听懂就说内容 confused,也可能只是 confusing。His explanation was so confused that nobody knew what he meant.他的解释毫无条理,谁也不知道他到底想说什么。
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common 尴尬而不自在📖 指人在受到关注、犯错或遇到难堪场面时,因窘迫而显得不知所措。这里的“混乱”主要发生在情绪和反应上,而不是理解问题上。💡 常用 feel/look/be confused and embarrassed,或在被突然提问、当众出错等场景中作表语。该义通常依靠上下文与“想不明白”区分,单独出现时读者可能先理解为“困惑”。现代日常英语中可以使用,但表示强烈羞愧时不要把它当作 ashamed 的完全替代词。She looked confused and embarrassed when everyone turned to her.大家都转过来看她时,她显得既尴尬又不知所措。
more confused
comparative
most confused
superlative
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 5 组
mentally confused; unable to think with clarity or act intelligently
同义词集:
confused
the flood of questions left her bewildered and confused
近似: addled, befuddled, clouded, dazed, dazzled, muddled, muzzy, punch-drunk, silly, slaphappy, spaced-out, stunned, stupefied, stupid(p), woolly, woolly-headed, wooly, wooly-minded
参见: perplexed
lacking orderly continuity; ; ;
同义词集:
confused
disconnected
disjointed
disordered
garbled
illogical
scattered
unconnected
a confused set of instructions
a confused dream about the end of the world
disconnected fragments of a story
scattered thoughts
近似: incoherent
thrown into a state of disarray or confusion; ; ;
同义词集:
broken
confused
disordered
upset
troops fleeing in broken ranks
a confused mass of papers on the desk
the small disordered room
with everything so upset
近似: disorganised, disorganized
having lost your bearings; confused as to time or place or personal identity;
同义词集:
confused
disoriented
lost
I frequently find myself disoriented when I come up out of the subway
the anesthetic left her completely disoriented
perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements; filled with bewilderment; ; ; ;
同义词集:
baffled
befuddled
bemused
bewildered
confounded
confused
lost
mazed
mixed-up
at sea
obviously bemused by his questions
bewildered and confused
a cloudy and confounded philosopher
just a mixed-up kid
she felt lost on the first day of school
近似: perplexed
🌳 词源
源自中古英语,最终来自拉丁语,原本与“混在一起、搅乱”有关;后来按 confuse 加后缀 -ed 重新分析。
Originally from Middle English confused (“frustrated, ruined”), from Anglo-Norman confus + Middle English -ed (past participial suffix), from Latin cōnfūsus, past participle of cōnfundō; now equivalent to confuse (a back-formation) + -ed.
🔄 变式
more confused
compar
most confused
superl
🏷 单词标签 & 词根