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come

★★★★★

🇺🇸 /kˈʌm/ 🇬🇧 /kʌm/

intj 编号: C02478 牛津3000 BNC #65 COCA #70

come 的核心意思是“来、到达”，也可表示某事出现、变成某种状态、发生或源自某处；另有介词、感叹词和成人用语等用法。

💡 记忆钩子

把 come 想成“朝某个点移动并到达”：人可以来、事情可以出现，想法或状态也可以逐渐来到；因此它还能表示“变成、发生、来自”以及在顺序中“排在某处”。

📝 学习建议

先掌握动词“来、到达”，再扩展到“出现、变成、发生、来自”等抽象用法。
come 的成人用法与普通的“来”完全不同，阅读中要根据语境辨认；正式表达中不要随意使用相关俚语义。

📖 中文释义

intj

common 表示不耐烦

📖 表示“好了，别这样”或对某人的行为感到不耐烦，通常带有劝阻意味。

💡 常用模板是“Come, come! + 祈使句”。这种重复形式带有过时或正式色彩，现代口语通常改用更自然的表达；不要把它误解为普通的“来”。

dated formal

Come, come! There is no need to get so upset.

好了，没必要这么激动。
common 表示鼓励或催促

📖 用于鼓励别人继续努力，或在提出请求前吸引对方注意。

💡 常用模板是“Come, come! + 鼓励或请求”。这种用法偏旧式、正式；现代英语更常用“Come on!”来鼓励或催促。

dated formal

Come, come! You can finish this puzzle.

加油，你能解开这个谜题。

noun

rare 到来

📖 表示某人或某事的到来、接近，是 come 的名词化旧用法。

💡 通常出现在古旧或历史文本中，常与“某人的到来”这样的结构连用。现代英语一般不用这个名词义，不要把动词 come 直接当作普通名词使用。

obsolete uncountable
rare 精液

📖 在粗俗俚语中指男性射出的精液，是成人性语境中的不可数名词。

💡 常见模板是“someone’s come”或“come”。该词带粗俗色彩，不适合普通或正式交流；医学语境应使用中性的专业词语。

slang uncountable vulgar
rare 女性射液

📖 在粗俗俚语中指女性性兴奋时排出的液体，属于成人语境用法。

💡 通常只在成人性语境中出现，属于不可数名词。该用法粗俗且容易造成误解，学习者不应将其用于日常或正式表达。

slang uncountable vulgar

prep

common 到了某时

📖 表示到了某个时间点或时期之后，所说的事情会发生或成为事实。

💡 常用模板是“come + 时间”，例如“come winter”。这种用法常见于简洁、略带文学色彩的表达；不要把这里的 come 当作“来到某地”的动词。

Come spring, the fields will be full of flowers.

到了春天，田野里会开满鲜花。

verb

core 向这里来

📖 表示从别处朝说话者或所关注的地点移动，重点是“来到这个参照点”。

💡 常用模板是“come here/to + 地点”或“come + 方向副词”。与 go 的区别在于 come 朝向说话者或当前关注的地点，而 go 是离开这一参照点。

intransitive

Come into the kitchen and see this.

到厨房来看看这个。

She came toward us when she heard her name.

她听到自己的名字后朝我们走来。
core 到达

📖 表示抵达某地或某个目的地，强调移动已经结束并到达了那里。

💡 常用模板是“come to/into + 地点”或“come home”。谈论已经到达时，英语常用“have come”或过去式“came”；不要总把它译成表示方向的“来”。

intransitive

We came home just before midnight.

我们在午夜前刚回到家。

Several guests came late to the wedding.

几位客人很晚才到婚礼现场。
core 出现

📖 表示疼痛、问题、机会等现象出现或显现出来，也可表示这种现象反复出现。

💡 常用模板是“名词 + come”或“come and go”。主语通常是感觉、问题或现象，而不是主动走来的具体人物；不要只把它理解为物理移动。

intransitive

A strange smell came from the basement.

一股奇怪的气味从地下室传来。

The headache comes and goes.

头痛时有时无。
common 逐渐产生

📖 表示经过一段时间后开始有某种看法或感情，像是这种想法“来到”心里。

💡 常用模板是“come to + 动词原形”，尤其用于“come to believe/understand/realize”。这里的 to 后面接动词原形，不是地点；不要改成动名词。

I came to understand why she left.

我后来逐渐明白她为什么离开。
common 偶然成为

📖 表示某事并非有意安排，却意外地发生或被发现。

💡 常用模板是“come to be + 过去分词”或“how did ... come to ...?”。这种结构强调事情的结果或经过，不表示说话者主动计划了它。

How did this old letter come to be in my bag?

这封旧信怎么会出现在我的包里？
common 位于顺序中

📖 表示某项在一系列事物中排在某个位置，例如某个季节或字母位于另一个之前或之后。

💡 常用模板是“X comes before/after Y”。主语是顺序中的项目，动词要根据主语使用单复数；不要误用表示空间位置的介词。

intransitive

Friday comes after Thursday.

星期五排在星期四之后。
rare 达到性高潮

📖 在粗俗俚语中表示达到性高潮或射精，属于成人性语境。

💡 常见模板是“come during/after sex”。这是粗俗俚语，不适合正式或普通交流；医学或中性表达应使用专业术语。

intransitive often slang vulgar
rare 搅拌成黄油

📖 在旧式或方言语境中，指奶油经过搅拌后变成黄油。

💡 常见于描述传统制黄油过程的旧文本，现代日常英语中很少这样使用。这里的主语通常是奶油等物质，不是人。

intransitive
common 接近某状态

📖 表示逐渐接近某种状态、程度或成就，像是向那个目标“走近”。

💡 常用模板是“come close to + 名词或动名词”。“close to”后面不能直接接动词原形；若接动作，通常用动名词形式。

copulative figuratively

The team came close to winning the final.

这支队伍差一点就赢得决赛了。
common 采取某种角度

📖 表示以某种立场、方法或视角来接触和处理一件事。

💡 常用模板是“come to + 领域/话题 + from a ... perspective”或“come at + 事物”。这种用法是比喻性的，通常需要上下文说明采取的角度；不要只按“来到”理解。

figuratively

She came to the problem from a practical perspective.

她从实用的角度看待这个问题。
rare 变成；结果是

📖 表示最终成为某种状态或结果，常见于固定的旧式表达。

💡 常见模板是“come true”，表示愿望或预言实现。单独用 come 表示“成为”带有古旧色彩，现代英语通常使用 become 或 turn out。

archaic copulative
common 可获得；存在

📖 表示某物可以得到、供应，或某类人或事物确实存在。

💡 常用模板是“as + 形容词 + as they come”，表示“能找到的同类中非常……”。表示商品供应时也可用“come in + 形式”，不要把它只理解成有人到来。

intransitive

This is the strongest coffee you can find, as strong as they come.

这是你能找到的最浓咖啡，浓度高得不能再高了。
rare 成功做到

📖 在俚语中表示成功完成某事，尤其是成功耍出某种手段或花招。

💡 常见于“come + 名词”这类非正式结构，语气俚俗且不适合正式写作。现代学习者应先理解其语境，不必主动模仿。

slang
common 发生

📖 表示某种事情出现或发生，是“事情来到现实中”的抽象延伸。

💡 常用模板是“名词 + comes”或“when + 事情 + comes”。主语通常是事件、机会或困难；不要在所有“发生”的场合都机械替换为 come，发生某事也常用 happen。

intransitive

Good opportunities do not come every day.

好机会不是每天都会出现。
common 来自

📖 表示某人出身于某地或某种背景，或某物源自某处。

💡 常用模板是“come from + 地点、来源或背景”。描述人的国籍和出身时很常用；不要把 from 漏掉，也不要把它误解为此人正在前往那个地方。

intransitive

Her family comes from a small village in Wales.

她的家人来自威尔士的一个小村庄。
rare 发芽

📖 表示种子开始发芽，新的植物从种子中“出来”。

💡 通常用于园艺或农业语境，常见模板是“seeds come up”。现代英语更常用 germinate 或 sprout，因此要结合植物语境理解。

intransitive
common 装作；摆出某种样子

📖 表示故意以某种角色、态度或身份行事，常含有说话者不相信这种表现的意味。

💡 常用模板是“come + the + 身份/角色”，例如“come the innocent”。这是非正式表达，常用于责备别人；不要把 come 后面的名词当作真实身份说明。

informal transitive

Don't come the innocent with me; you knew about the plan.

别在我面前装无辜，你明明知道这个计划。

comes present,singular,third-person coming participle,present came past come dialectal,past come participle,past came dialectal,participle,past comen participle,past come first-person,present,singular came first-person,past,singular come dialectal,first-person,past,singular comed archaic,first-person,past,singular come present,second-person,singular comest archaic,present,second-person,singular came past,second-person,singular come dialectal,past,second-person,singular camest archaic,past,second-person,singular camedst archaic,past,second-person,singular comed archaic,past,second-person,singular cometh archaic,present,singular,third-person came past,singular,third-person come dialectal,past,singular,third-person comed archaic,past,singular,third-person come plural,present came past,plural come dialectal,past,plural comed archaic,past,plural come present,subjunctive came past,subjunctive come dialectal,past,subjunctive comed archaic,past,subjunctive come imperative,present - imperative,past comen dialectal,participle,past comed archaic,participle,past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 22 组

come to pass; arrive, as in due course; ;

同义词集: come

The first success came three days later

It came as a shock

Dawn comes early in June

上位: come about, fall out, go on, hap, happen, occur, pass, pass off, take place 下位: descend, fall, settle

be found or available

同义词集: come

These shoes come in three colors; The furniture comes unassembled

上位: be, exist

happen as a result

同义词集: come

Nothing good will come of this

上位: ensue, result

reach or enter a state, relation, condition, use, or position; ; ; ; ; ; ;

同义词集: come

The water came to a boil

We came to understand the true meaning of life

Their anger came to a boil

I came to realize the true meaning of life

The shoes came untied

come into contact with a terrorist group

his face went red

your wish will come true

上位: change

have a certain priority

同义词集: come

My family comes first

上位: rank

come to one's mind; suggest itself;

同义词集: occur come

It occurred to me that we should hire another secretary

A great idea then came to her

上位: become

cover a certain distance

同义词集: come

She came a long way

上位: go, locomote, move, travel

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody; ; ; ;

同义词集: come come up

He came singing down the road

Come with me to the Casbah

come down here!

come out of the closet!

come into the room

反义: depart, go, go away 上位: go, locomote, move, travel 下位: accost, address, approach, come near, come on, come up to, draw close, draw near, go up, near 参见: accompany, ascend, attach to, bring home the bacon, come through, come up, come with, deliver the goods, go with, make it, pull round, pull through, rise, rise up, succeed, surface, survive, uprise, win

reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress;

同义词集: arrive get come

She arrived home at 7 o'clock

She didn't get to Chicago until after midnight

反义: go away, go forth, leave 下位: attain, bring down, come in, hit, land, put down, reach, set ashore, set down, shore

be received

同义词集: come come in

News came in of the massacre in Rwanda

上位: arrive, get

experience orgasm

同义词集: come

she could not come because she was too upset

上位: experience, go through, see

proceed or get along; ;

同义词集: do fare make out come get along

How is she doing in her new job?

How are you making out in graduate school?

He's come a long way

上位: go, proceed

to be the product or result;

同义词集: come follow

Melons come from a vine

Understanding comes from experience

上位: arise, develop, grow, originate, rise, spring up, uprise

develop into;

同义词集: come add up amount

This idea will never amount to anything

nothing came of his grandiose plans

上位: become, turn 下位: aggregate

add up in number or quantity;

同义词集: total number add up come amount

The bills amounted to $2,000

The bill came to $2,000

上位: be 下位: average, average out, make, outnumber

extend or reach;

同义词集: come

The water came up to my waist

The sleeves come to your knuckles

上位: extend, go, lead, pass, run

come under, be classified or included;

同义词集: fall come

fall into a category

This comes under a new heading

上位: be

come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example;

同义词集: derive come descend

She was descended from an old Italian noble family

he comes from humble origins

be a native of

同义词集: hail come

She hails from Kalamazoo

上位: be

exist or occur in a certain point in a series

同义词集: come

Next came the student from France

上位: be

come forth;

同义词集: issue forth come

A scream came from the woman's mouth

His breath came hard

the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

同义词集: semen seed seminal fluid ejaculate cum come

上位: bodily fluid, body fluid, humor, humour, liquid body substance

🌳 词源

源自古英语 cuman，最初与“走、踏步而来”的概念有关；它与德语 kommen、法语 venir 等词有历史关联。

Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂-? Proto-Indo-European *gʷem- Proto-Indo-European *gʷémt Proto-Germanic *kwemaną Proto-West Germanic *kweman Old English cuman Middle English comen English come From Middle English comen, cumen, from Old English cuman, from Proto-West Germanic *kweman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną (“to come”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷémt (“to step; to arrive”), from *gʷem- (“to come, step”). Cognates Cognate from Proto-Germanic with Scots cum (“to come”), Yola come, coome, cum (“to come”), North Frisian kaame, kame, keem, kem, kum, kååme, käme (“to come”), Saterland Frisian kume, kuume (“to come”), West Frisian komme (“to come”), Alemannic German cha, cheemen, cheme, cho, chomu, chéeme (“to come”), Bavarian ckeman, kemma, kemman, khemen, kumma, kumman, kèmmin (“to come”), Central Franconian komme, kunn, kumme (“to come”), Cimbrian ken, khemmen, khèmman (“to come”), Dutch komen, kommen (“to come”), Dutch Low Saxon kåmen (“to come”), German and Luxembourgish kommen (“to come”), Low German kamen, kuemen (“to come”), Mòcheno kemmen (“to come”), Yiddish קימען (kimen), קומען (kumen, “to come”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål komme (“to come”), Elfdalian kumå (“to come”), Faroese and Icelandic koma (“to come; to arrive”), Jamtish kuma (“to come”), Norwegian Nynorsk koma, komma, komme, kåmmå, kåmå (“to come”), Swedish komma (“to come”), Crimean Gothic kommen (“to come”), Gothic 𐌵𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (qiman, “to come”). Cognate from Proto-Indo-European with Latin venio (“to come; to approach”), Greek βήμα (víma, “pace, step”), Albanian ngah, ngaj (“to hasten, run”), Latvian dzimt (“to be born”), Lithuanian gimti (“to be born”), Armenian եկ (ek, “the act of coming, arrival; income”), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬨 (gam, “to come, go”), Northern Kurdish gav (“step”), Persian گام (gâm, “step”), Tocharian A kum- (“to come”), Tocharian B käm- (“to come”), Sanskrit गम् (gam, “to come, go, move”).

🔄 变式

- imperat came 1st_sg camedst archaic camest archaic comed archaic comen dialect comes present comest archaic cometh archaic coming present

🏷 单词标签 & 词根