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catch
★★★★
🇺🇸 /kˈætʃ/
🇬🇧 /kɛt͡ʃ/
catch 是常用动词,核心意思是“抓住、接住、赶上”,也可表示“听懂、注意到”;作名词时可指捕捉、接球,也可指隐藏的难题或条件。
💡 记忆钩子
把 catch 想成“把某物抓到手”:可以抓住人或物,拦截并接住球,赶上目标;进一步还可以“抓住”声音、意思或注意力,而名词中的隐藏难题则是交易里没被一眼抓住的部分。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握动词的“抓住、接住、赶上”和“听懂、注意到”,再扩展到名词义。
- 不要只把 catch 理解为“捕捉”;在听话、理解和引起注意的语境中也很常见。
- 名词 catch 可表示交易或安排中的隐藏难题,不一定指实际捕获的东西。
📖 中文释义
noun
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common 捕获;抓获📖 指把人或动物抓住、捕获的行为,也可以指经过努力后成功抓获某人。它延续了“把某物抓到手”的核心画面。💡 常用“the catch of + 人或动物”或“make a catch”表示一次抓获;说警方抓到嫌疑人时较正式。不要把它和表示“抓住”这个动作的动词用法混为一谈,这里强调的是捕获这一事件。countableThe catch of the suspect ended the long investigation.抓获嫌疑人使这场漫长的调查告一段落。
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common 接球;接住📖 指在运动中接住飞来的球或其他运动中的物体,重点是把它稳稳抓到手里。💡 常用“make a catch”或“a difficult catch”描述接球动作及其难度;在体育报道中很自然。不要用它表示投球本身,catch 只指接到或接球这一环节。countableShe made a brilliant catch near the edge of the field.她在场地边缘完成了一次精彩的接球。
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common 注意到;听懂📖 指捕捉到别人说话中的信息、错误或细节,也就是把原本可能漏掉的内容抓住并理解了。💡 常用“good catch”称赞别人发现了错误或遗漏,也可说“did you catch that?”询问对方是否听懂。这个用法多用于口语和工作交流,不能只按字面理解为身体上的抓取。countableGood catch—I had entered the wrong date.注意得好,我把日期填错了。
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common 接球游戏📖 指轮流把球扔给对方再接住的游戏;这里不是一次接球,而是把“抓到手”的动作变成持续进行的活动。💡 常用“play catch”表示玩接球游戏,通常不加冠词。它多用于日常口语和家庭、儿童活动语境,不要说成“play a catch”。uncountableThe children played catch in the park after school.孩子们放学后在公园里玩接球游戏。
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common 捕获物;猎获物📖 指已经被捕捉到的动物、鱼等东西,也就是“抓到手”的对象本身,而不是捕捉动作。💡 常用“a catch”或“the day's catch”表示一次捕获的对象,尤其常见于捕鱼和打猎语境。它通常是可数名词,谈一批捕获物时可用复数。countableThe fishermen sorted their catch before returning to shore.渔民们上岸前把捕获的鱼分类整理好。
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common 称心的对象;好对象📖 口语中指一个很有吸引力、值得追求的恋爱对象,常暗含“成功找到的好对象”之意。💡 常用“a good catch”评价适合交往或结婚的人,语气口语化,常带有从旁观者角度挑选对象的意味。用于正式场合或直接评价本人时可能显得冒犯,不要把它当作中性的人名称呼。broadly colloquial countableEveryone thinks her new partner is quite a catch.大家都觉得她的新伴侣是个很不错的对象。
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common 门扣;搭扣📖 指用来卡住、扣住某物,使门、柜门或盖子保持关闭的装置。它仍然体现“把开口抓住并固定住”的意思。💡 常用“a catch on the door”或“a catch to keep something closed”说明安装位置和用途。它是具体的可数名词,和“锁”不同,通常不强调需要钥匙开启。countableWe replaced the broken catch on the cupboard door.我们换掉了橱柜门上坏掉的搭扣。
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common 声音中的哽咽📖 指说话时因强烈情绪而出现的短暂停顿或声音变化,仿佛情绪把声音卡住了。💡 常用“a catch in one's voice”表示声音因悲伤、激动等而哽住。这个结构通常描述说话方式,不要把 catch 理解为普通的咳嗽或发音错误。countableThere was a catch in his voice as he thanked the team.他向团队道谢时,声音里带着哽咽。
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core 隐藏条件;隐患📖 指一项看起来很好的安排、交易或提议中,藏着没有立刻被“抓住”的限制、代价或问题。💡 最常见的问法是“what's the catch?”,用于追问好事背后的条件;也可说“there's a catch”。这是日常口语中很固定的表达,不要只把它译成一般的“困难”。countableThe free trial sounds attractive, but what's the catch?免费试用听起来很诱人,但隐藏条件是什么?
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common 肌肉突然疼痛📖 指身体处于不习惯的姿势或用力方式时,某处肌肉突然出现的刺痛或扭痛。💡 常用“a catch in one's side/back”描述身体某部位突然疼痛,也常说“get a catch in...”。这是较固定的身体不适表达,不要把它和运动中接球的 catch 混淆。countableI got a catch in my back when I reached under the sofa.我伸手到沙发下面时,背部突然一阵扭痛。
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rare 音乐或诗歌片段📖 旧式用法,指一小段音乐或诗歌,通常是从完整作品中随口唱出或引用的片段。countable
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rare 埋伏;伺机状态📖 旧式用法,指准备突然抓住或袭击目标的埋伏状态。countable obsolete uncountable
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common 作物出苗📖 农业语境中指作物已经发芽并开始生长的情况,也就是种子成功“抓住”土地并长起来了。💡 常用“a good catch of + 作物”描述某种作物出苗良好,属于农业和种植语境。这里的 catch 不表示收获量,也不表示捕捉动物。countableThe warm spring brought a good catch of wheat across the region.温暖的春天让这一地区的小麦出苗情况很好。
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rare 双桅帆船📖 历史用法,指一种通常带有两根桅杆的坚固船只。countable obsolete uncountable
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rare 轮唱曲📖 一种带有幽默性质的轮唱形式,声部依次进入并逐渐追上彼此,常见于旧式音乐语境。countable
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common 副歌;重复句📖 指歌曲中从一节重复到另一节的句子或几行歌词,相当于听者容易“抓住”的反复部分。💡 常用“the catch of a song”指歌曲反复出现的句子或段落,多见于文学、音乐评论或较旧的表达。现代日常英语中通常会用表示副歌的更常见词,不要把它和接球义混淆。countableThe catchy line became the catch that everyone sang along with.那句上口的歌词成了大家都会跟着唱的副歌。
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common 接杀;接住出局球📖 在棒球、板球等运动中,指在球落地前把击出的球接住,从而使击球者出局。💡 常用“make a catch”或“a catch for an out”描述这种防守动作;具体规则取决于运动项目。它比一般的接球更专门,必须涉及由接球造成的出局。countableThe center fielder made a running catch for the final out.中外野手跑动接住了球,完成了最后一次出局。
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rare 接球能力强的球员📖 体育旧式用法,指一名球员,尤其是接球能力很强、很可靠的球员。countable
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rare 桨入水瞬间📖 赛艇术语,指桨第一次接触水面的瞬间或动作阶段。countable
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rare 短暂屏息声📖 语音学用语,指类似轻咳的短暂气息中断或停顿声。countable
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rare 零星片段📖 旧式用法,指断断续续获得的机会或零碎片段。countable uncountable
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rare 些许记忆;痕迹📖 旧式用法,指对某事留下的一点模糊记忆或微弱痕迹。countable uncountable
catches
plural
verb
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core 抓住;赶上📖 表示把人或动物抓到手,也可以表示追上并赶上某个目标。按照记忆钩子,就是把目标真正“抓到手”。💡 常用句型是 catch + 人或动物,也可说 catch + 交通工具,表示及时赶上并乘坐。表示“赶上某人”时,宾语直接放在 catch 后面;表示追上但尚未抓住,通常改用 chase 或 catch up with。这个词既能用于实际捕捉,也能用于赶上机会、进度等抽象目标。transitiveThe children tried to catch the escaped chicken.孩子们试着抓住那只逃跑的鸡。We ran to catch the last bus home.我们跑着去赶上回家的末班车。
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rare 追求并赢得(旧式说法)📖 这是过时的比喻用法,指追求并得到某人,过去有时特指追求结婚对象。现代英语中通常不用它表达这种意思。💡 只会在旧文学、历史语境或带有仿古色彩的文字中见到。现代交谈中不要用 catch a man 表示“追求男人”,应根据语境使用 pursue、date 或 marry 等更明确的说法。dated figuratively transitive
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rare 意外怀孕(旧式说法)📖 这是罕见而过时的说法,指女性意外怀孕或未婚怀孕。现代英语中通常会直接说 pregnant,避免使用这种带有旧式色彩的表达。💡 常见于旧小说或历史叙述,通常出现在 get caught with a child 一类结构中。它不是现代日常表达,也不适合用来委婉谈论怀孕。rare transitive
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core 抓住;抓住某处📖 表示用手突然抓住某人或某物,强调动作把对象牢牢控制住。它和记忆钩子中的“抓到手”最直接对应。💡 常用结构是 catch + 人或物 + by the + 身体部位,例如 catch someone by the arm。也可以说 catch hold of something,表示抓牢某物;不要把它和 catch someone’s attention 混为一谈,后者表示吸引注意力。dated transitiveShe caught me by the wrist before I fell.我快要摔倒时,她抓住了我的手腕。He caught hold of the railing on the stairs.他抓住了楼梯上的栏杆。
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common 缓一口气📖 在 catch one’s breath 中,表示停下来恢复呼吸,也可表示因惊讶或运动而喘过气来。这里不是把空气抓住,而是把呼吸重新稳住。💡 最常见的搭配是 catch my/your/his breath,通常不能只说 catch breath。它既可表示运动后喘匀,也可表示因惊讶、恐惧而短暂屏息后恢复。若表示“屏住呼吸”,应说 hold one’s breath。transitiveLet’s sit down for a minute and catch our breath.我们坐下一分钟,喘口气吧。
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common 被挂住;勾住📖 表示衣服、线或其他东西被突出的物体勾住、挂住。可以把它想成某物被一个小钩子“抓住”了。💡 常用结构是 catch on + 物体,或 catch against + 物体;主语通常是衣服、袋子、头发等。它是不及物用法,不能直接说衣服 catch the knob 来表示“被旋钮挂住”。注意 catch fire 等其他短语中的 catch 并不表示挂住。intransitiveMy sleeve caught on a nail in the fence.我的袖子被栅栏上的钉子勾住了。
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common 接住;拦截📖 表示在物体到达或经过时把它拦住并接住,尤其常用于接球。它仍然是把飞来的东西“抓到手”。💡 常用句型是 catch + 球、飞盘等,也可说 catch something from someone。与 throw 相对,throw 是把东西扔出去,catch 是把扔来的东西接住;表示接住后没拿稳,可说 drop it。transitiveMia caught the ball with both hands.米娅用双手接住了球。
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rare 抓住机会(旧式说法)📖 这是过时的书面用法,表示抓住或利用机会。现代英语通常说 take or seize an opportunity。💡 主要出现在旧文学或仿古文本中,不能作为现代日常表达来记忆。现代语境中使用 catch an opportunity 会显得不自然,最好改用 seize an opportunity 或 take the opportunity to do something。archaic transitive
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common 赶上并观看比赛📖 在球类运动语境中,表示赶上比赛的一段时间并观看或参与其中,具体含义要看比赛项目和上下文。它可以理解为把错过的比赛部分及时“抓回来”。💡 常见结构是 catch the game、catch the final innings 等,宾语通常是比赛或比赛的一段。日常谈话中 catch a game 多半表示去看比赛,不一定表示亲自接球;若要明确表示担任接球手,应使用 play catcher 等说法。intransitive transitiveI got home in time to catch the final innings.我及时赶回家,看到了最后几局比赛。
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common 遭受;挨到📖 表示某人因为挡在前面或成为目标而受到某种打击、惩罚或攻击。比如 catch a beating 就是挨打,而不是“接住一顿打”。💡 常用结构是 catch + a beating、a punch、a cold 等,后面的名词说明受到的东西。这个用法常带有口语色彩,表示遭遇坏事时比 receive 更自然;不要把 catch a cold 直译成“接住感冒”。transitiveYou’ll catch a fine if you park here again.你再把车停在这里,就会被罚款。
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common 传染;传播📖 表示某种疾病、情绪或观念从一个人传播到另一个人,使后者也受到影响。这里的“抓住”可以理解为影响像钩子一样抓住了新的对象。💡 常用结构是 something catches from one person to another,或说 an illness catches。现代英语谈疾病传播时更常用 spread;catch on 还可表示流行,不能把两种结构混用。intransitiveThe laughter caught from one table to the next.笑声从一张桌子传到了另一张桌子。
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common 接住并收集📖 表示容器放在液体或其他东西落下的路径上,把它接住并收集起来。这里通常不是人用手抓,而是容器替人把东西“抓住”。💡 常用结构是容器 + catch + 液体,或 catch something from + 来源。主语通常是桶、碗、沟槽等容器;表示“收集雨水”时,catch water 比 take water 更贴合这种被动接取的动作。intransitive transitivePut a bowl under the leak to catch the water.在漏水处下面放个碗接水。
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core 听懂;领会📖 表示通过听觉或思考抓住姓名、话语、意思等信息。按照记忆钩子,就是把声音或意思“抓到”自己的理解里。💡 常用结构是 catch + 名字、话或意思,也常说 catch what someone said。否定式 I didn’t catch that 是礼貌地表示“我没听清”,可请对方重复;不要把它误解为完全不懂,具体可能只是没听见或没听清。transitiveSorry, I didn’t catch your name.抱歉,我没听清你的名字。Did you catch what the teacher meant?你听懂老师的意思了吗?
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common 去看(电影等)📖 非正式地表示抽时间去看电影、演出或比赛。它把“看到某个节目”说得更轻松、更口语化。💡 常用结构是 catch + a movie/show/game,表示去看或赶上观看。这个用法通常是非正式的,不能用于所有“观看”场合;若强调持续观看某节目,see 或 watch 往往更合适。informal transitiveWe’re catching a movie after dinner.我们晚饭后去看场电影。
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common 吸引注意或兴趣📖 表示某人或某物把别人的注意力、兴趣吸引过来。这里也是把注意力“抓住”,使人开始留意对象。💡 常用结构是 catch someone’s attention/interest/eye,通常要带表示被吸引者的所有格或宾语。catch someone’s eye 偏向突然引起注意,catch someone’s interest 偏向激发兴趣;不要漏掉 someone’s。transitiveThe bright sign caught my attention immediately.那块醒目的招牌立刻吸引了我的注意。
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common 注意到;发现📖 表示及时发现错误、问题或某个细节,常常带有“在它造成后果前看出来”的意味。也可以理解为把容易漏掉的地方抓住了。💡 常用结构是 catch + 错误、问题或某人正在做某事,也常见 thanks for catching that。它通常表示发现,而不是责备;catch someone doing something 则表示发现某人正在做某事。Thanks for catching the mistake before we sent the report.谢谢你在我们发出报告前发现了这个错误。
catches
present,singular,third-person
catching
participle,present
caught
participle,past
caught
past
catch
first-person,present,singular
caught
first-person,past,singular
catched
first-person,nonstandard,past,singular
catch
present,second-person,singular
catchest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
caught
past,second-person,singular
catched
nonstandard,past,second-person,singular
caughtest
archaic,past,second-person,singular
catchedst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
catcheth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
caught
past,singular,third-person
catched
nonstandard,past,singular,third-person
catch
plural,present
caught
past,plural
catched
nonstandard,past,plural
catch
present,subjunctive
caught
past,subjunctive
catched
nonstandard,past,subjunctive
catch
imperative,present
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imperative,past
catched
nonstandard,participle,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 39 组
contract
同义词集:
catch
did you catch a cold?
上位: contract, get, take
the act of apprehending (especially apprehending a criminal)
同义词集:
apprehension
arrest
catch
collar
pinch
taking into custody
the policeman on the beat got credit for the collar
上位: capture, gaining control, seizure
the act of catching an object with the hands; ; ;
同义词集:
catch
grab
snatch
snap
Mays made the catch with his back to the plate
he made a grab for the ball before it landed
Martin's snatch at the bridle failed and the horse raced away
the infielder's snap and throw was a single motion
上位: touch, touching
下位: interception, interlock, interlocking, mesh, meshing, rebound, reception
a cooperative game in which a ball is passed back and forth
同义词集:
catch
he played catch with his son in the backyard
上位: game
delay or hold up; prevent from proceeding on schedule or as planned
同义词集:
catch
I was caught in traffic and missed the meeting
上位: delay, detain, hold up
be struck or affected by;
同义词集:
catch
catch fire
catch the mood
上位: change
grasp with the mind or develop an understanding of; ; ; ; ;
同义词集:
catch
get
did you catch that allusion?
We caught something of his theory in the lecture
don't catch your meaning
did you get it?
She didn't get the joke
I just don't get him
上位: understand
detect a blunder or misstep
同义词集:
trip up
catch
The reporter tripped up the senator
上位: discover, find out, get a line, get wind, get word, hear, learn, pick up, see
discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state;
同义词集:
catch
She caught her son eating candy
She was caught shoplifting
上位: surprise
become aware of
同义词集:
catch
he caught her staring out the window
上位: find, see, witness
be the catcher
同义词集:
catch
Who is catching?
上位: play
catch up with and possibly overtake
同义词集:
overtake
catch
catch up with
The Rolls Royce caught us near the exit ramp
succeed in catching or seizing, especially after a chase;
同义词集:
get
catch
capture
We finally got the suspect
Did you catch the thief?
上位: clutch, prehend, seize
下位: lasso, recapture, retake, rope
to hook or entangle
同义词集:
hitch
catch
One foot caught in the stirrup
上位: attach
下位: snag
cause to become accidentally or suddenly caught, ensnared, or entangled
同义词集:
catch
I caught the hem of my dress in the brambles
spread or be communicated
同义词集:
catch
The fashion did not catch
上位: propagate, spread
reach with a blow or hit in a particular spot; ;
同义词集:
get
catch
the rock caught her in the back of the head
The blow got him in the back
The punch caught him in the stomach
上位: hit
take hold of so as to seize or restrain or stop the motion of;
同义词集:
catch
grab
take hold of
Catch the ball!
Grab the elevator door!
上位: clutch, prehend, seize
下位: fish, harpoon, hook, intercept, net, nett, stop
capture as if by hunting, snaring, or trapping
同义词集:
capture
catch
I caught a rabbit in the trap today
上位: acquire, get
下位: bag, ensnare, entrap, frog, hunt, hunt down, rat, run, snare, track down, trammel, trap
take in and retain
同义词集:
catch
We have a big barrel to catch the rainwater
上位: accumulate, amass, collect, compile, hoard, pile up, roll up
attract and fix; ;
同义词集:
catch
arrest
get
His look caught her
She caught his eye
Catch the attention of the waiter
上位: attract, draw, draw in, pull, pull in
apprehend and reproduce accurately;
同义词集:
catch
get
She really caught the spirit of the place in her drawings
She got the mood just right in her photographs
上位: reproduce
attract; cause to be enamored
同义词集:
capture
enamour
trance
catch
becharm
enamor
captivate
beguile
charm
fascinate
bewitch
entrance
enchant
She captured all the men's hearts
上位: appeal, attract
下位: hold, work
reach in time
同义词集:
catch
I have to catch a train at 7 o'clock
上位: board, get on
下位: get
suffer from the receipt of
同义词集:
catch
get
She will catch hell for this behavior!
上位: ache, hurt, suffer
perceive with the senses quickly, suddenly, or momentarily; ; ; ;
同义词集:
catch
pick up
I caught the aroma of coffee
He caught the allusion in her glance
ears open to catch every sound
The dog picked up the scent
Catch a glimpse
上位: comprehend, perceive
see or watch; ; ; ;
同义词集:
watch
view
see
catch
take in
view a show on television
This program will be seen all over the world
view an exhibition
Catch a show on Broadway
see a movie
上位: watch
下位: preview, visualise, visualize
hear, usually without the knowledge of the speakers
同义词集:
catch
take in
overhear
We overheard the conversation at the next table
上位: hear
perceive by hearing;
同义词集:
catch
get
I didn't catch your name
She didn't get his name when they met the first time
上位: hear
get or regain something necessary, usually quickly or briefly;
同义词集:
catch
Catch some sleep
catch one's breath
上位: acquire, get
check oneself during an action
同义词集:
catch
She managed to catch herself before telling her boss what was on her mind
上位: check, contain, control, curb, hold, hold in, moderate
start burning
同义词集:
catch
The fire caught
上位: catch fire, combust, conflagrate, erupt, ignite, take fire
a fastener that fastens or locks a door or window
同义词集:
catch
上位: fastener, fastening, fixing, holdfast
下位: hook, latch
a restraint that checks the motion of something
同义词集:
catch
stop
he used a book as a stop to hold the door open
上位: constraint, restraint
下位: click, detent, dog, pawl, trip, tripper
a drawback or difficulty that is not readily evident
同义词集:
catch
gimmick
it sounds good but what's the catch?
上位: drawback
a break or check in the voice (usually a sign of strong emotion)
同义词集:
catch
上位: delivery, manner of speaking, speech
anything that is caught (especially if it is worth catching)
同义词集:
catch
he shared his catch with the others
上位: object, physical object
a person regarded as a good matrimonial prospect
同义词集:
catch
match
上位: adult, grownup
the quantity that was caught
同义词集:
catch
haul
the catch was only 10 fish
🌳 词源
源自中古英语,经过盎格鲁-诺曼语和古法语,最终与拉丁语中表示“抓住、取得”的词根有关;它与英语 chase 同源。
Latin captus
Proto-Indo-European *-yetider.
Latin -io
Vulgar Latin *captiāre
Old French chacierbor.
Anglo-Norman cachierbor.
Middle English cacchen
English catch
From Middle English cacchen, from Anglo-Norman cachier, variant of Old French chacier, from Late Latin captiāre, from Latin captāre, frequentative of capere. Akin to Modern French chasser (from Old French chacier) and Spanish cazar, and thus a doublet of chase. Compare ketch. Via PIE cognate with have. Displaced Middle English fangen ("to catch"; > Modern English fang (verb)), from Old English fōn (“to seize, take”); Middle English lacchen ("to catch" and heavily displaced Modern English latch), from Old English læċċan.
The verb became irregular, possibly under the influence of the semantically similar latch (from Old English læċċan), whose past tense was lahte, lauhte, laught (Old English læhte), until becoming regularised in Modern English.
🔄 变式
-
imperat
catched
1st_sg
catchedst
archaic
catches
plural
catchest
archaic
catcheth
archaic
catching
present
caught
1st_sg
caughtest
archaic
🏷 单词标签 & 词根