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camouflage

🇺🇸 /kˈæmʌflˌɑʒ/
noun 编号: C00213 BNC #14697 COCA #12127
camouflage既可作名词,表示为了不被发现而使用的伪装、伪装行为、伪装图案或伪装服装,也可作动词,表示把某物遮掩或改变外观,使它不易被发现。
💡 记忆钩子
把自己或某物“变得像周围环境”,让观察者找不到:这可以是一般的遮掩和伪装,也可以是军队使用的伪装材料或图案;动物靠外形融入环境也是camouflage,穿在身上的迷彩服则是这种伪装的衣物化。
📝 学习建议
  • 先记住“融入背景、避免被发现”这一核心,再扩展到军用迷彩、动物保护色和迷彩服,不要只把它理解成军人的衣服。
  • 注意区分名词和动词:名词指伪装本身或伪装物,动词指实施伪装的动作。
📖 中文释义
noun
  • core 伪装;掩饰
    📖 指用遮盖、改变外观或制造假象的办法隐藏人或物,使别人不容易认出或发现它。
    💡 常见结构是“camouflage + 名词”或“use camouflage to...”。它既可以指一件具体的遮掩物,也可以泛指隐藏身份、目的或外观的办法。不要误以为它只适用于战场,日常语境中也能表示对问题或真实意图的掩饰。
    countable uncountable
    The dark paint provided effective camouflage for the boat.
    深色油漆为这艘船提供了有效的伪装。
    The boxes were arranged as camouflage for the hidden door.
    这些箱子被摆成掩护物,用来遮住那扇暗门。
  • common 伪装行为
    📖 强调“进行伪装”这一过程或做法,而不是某件具体的伪装物。
    💡 常见结构是“the camouflage of + 名词”或“through camouflage”。这个用法常出现在说明伪装策略、隐藏过程或掩饰意图的语境中。若重点是伪装后的图案或衣物,应改用其他名词义项。
    countable uncountable
    The spy relied on camouflage to cross the border unnoticed.
    这名间谍靠伪装悄悄越过了边境。
  • core 军事伪装
    📖 指军队把人员、装备或阵地与周围环境混在一起,以迷惑敌人、躲避侦察或降低被发现的可能。
    💡 常见结构是“military camouflage”“camouflage netting”和“in camouflage”。这是军事和战争语境中的专门用法,通常涉及装备、阵地或士兵。不要把它只理解成服装,伪装网、涂层和遮蔽物同样属于这一义项。
    countable uncountable
    The soldiers covered the vehicle with camouflage netting before dawn.
    天亮前,士兵们用伪装网盖住了车辆。
    The artillery position was hidden by careful camouflage.
    这处炮兵阵地经过精心伪装,隐藏了起来。
  • common 迷彩图案
    📖 指衣物或织物上由不规则色块组成的图案,通常让穿戴者的轮廓不容易被看清。
    💡 常见结构是“camouflage pattern”“camouflage fabric”或“camouflage print”。这里强调的是布料上的视觉图案,不一定表示正在执行军事任务。形容其他颜色或设计时,不要默认所有斑驳图案都叫camouflage。
    countable uncountable
    She bought a jacket with a gray and green camouflage pattern.
    她买了一件带灰绿色迷彩图案的夹克。
  • core 生物保护色;隐蔽外形
    📖 指动物或其他生物的颜色、形状或纹理与周围环境相似,从而不容易被捕食者或猎物发现;这种相似不一定是生物主动制造的。
    💡 常见结构是“camouflage against + 威胁”或“camouflage in + 环境”。这是生物学和自然观察中的常用词,重点在外观与背景的相似,而不是人为的伪装动作。谈论动物时,不要把这种现象误写成动物有意识地穿戴伪装物。
    countable uncountable
    The lizard's camouflage made it almost impossible to see on the rocks.
    这只蜥蜴的保护色让它在岩石上几乎看不见。
  • common 迷彩服;迷彩衣物
    📖 指用迷彩面料制成、供战斗或狩猎时隐蔽使用的衣服。
    💡 常见结构是“wear camouflage”“be dressed in camouflage”或“camouflage clothing”。该义项指整套衣物或服装类别,而不是衣服上的单独图案。日常时尚语境中,带迷彩图案的普通衣服也可能这样说,但具体含义要看上下文。
    countable uncountable
    The hunters wore camouflage as they moved through the forest.
    猎人们穿着迷彩服在森林中移动。
camouflages plural
verb
  • core 伪装;掩藏
    📖 指把某物遮住、涂成别的样子,或让它与背景相似,以免被看见、认出或准确判断。
    💡 常见结构是“camouflage + 物体”以及“camouflage + 物体 + with + 材料”。宾语可以是人、车辆、建筑物或问题等具体或抽象对象。不要把它误当成不及物动词单独使用,通常需要明确说明被伪装的对象。
    transitive
    They camouflaged the camera with leaves and branches.
    他们用树叶和树枝把摄像机伪装了起来。
    The report camouflaged the real cause of the failure.
    这份报告掩饰了失败的真正原因。
camouflages present,singular,third-person camouflaging participle,present camouflaged participle,past camouflaged past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 5 组
the act of concealing the identity of something by modifying its appearance
同义词集: disguise camouflage
he is a master of disguise
上位: concealing, concealment, hiding
disguise by camouflaging; exploit the natural surroundings to disguise something
同义词集: camouflage
The troops camouflaged themselves before they went into enemy territory
上位: disguise, mask
device or stratagem for concealment or deceit
同义词集: camouflage
上位: concealment, cover, covert, screen
fabric dyed with splotches of green and brown and black and tan; intended to make the wearer of a garment made of this fabric hard to distinguish from the background
同义词集: camouflage camo
上位: cloth, fabric, material, textile
an outward semblance that misrepresents the true nature of something
同义词集: disguise camouflage
the theatrical notion of disguise is always associated with catastrophe in his stories
上位: color, colour, gloss, semblance
🌳 词源
源自法语camouflage,和表示“遮掩、伪装”的法语动词有关;更早可追溯到意大利语词源。
French camoufler Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Proto-Italic *-ātos Latin -ātus Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icus Latin -āticus Latin -āticum Old French -age Middle French -age French -age French camouflageubor. English camouflage Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage, from camoufler (“to veil, disguise”), alteration (due to camouflet (“smoke blown in one's face”)) of Italian camuffare (“to muffle the head”), from ca- (from Italian capo (“head”)) + muffare (“to muffle”), from Medieval Latin muffula, muffla (“muff”). This Medieval Latin, from which there is also English muffle, is either derived from a Frankish *molfell (“soft garment made of hide”) from *mol (“softened, forworn”) (akin to Old High German molawēn (“to soften”), Middle High German molwic (“soft”)) + *fell (“hide, skin”), from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”), or, an alternate etymology traces it to a Frankish *muffël (“a muff, wrap, envelope”) composed of *mauwa (“sleeve, wrap”) from Proto-Germanic *mawwō (“sleeve”) + *fell (“skin, hide”) from Proto-Germanic *fellą (“skin, film, fleece”).
🔄 变式
camouflaged past camouflages plural camouflaging present
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