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buy

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🇺🇸 /bˈaɪ/ 🇬🇧 [bɑj]
noun 编号: B03100 牛津3000 BNC #351 COCA #397
buy 的核心是“付出某种代价,换来东西、利益或认可”;它既可表示购买,也可引申为用牺牲换取、收买、相信或请客。
💡 记忆钩子
想象一只手递出钱,另一只手接回东西:最基本是“买东西”;如果递出的是时间、梦想或其他代价,就是“用牺牲换来”;如果递给别人礼物是为了改变对方,就是“收买”;如果把一个说法当作值得接受的东西,就是“相信”;替别人付钱,则是“请客”。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握“花钱得到东西”这一核心义,再把其他义项理解成“付出某种代价以换取结果”的延伸。
  • 不要只把 buy 理解成购买实物;它也常用于抽象的价值交换,以及非正式的“相信某人的说法”。
  • 注意 buy 和 sell 方向相反:buy 是得到东西的一方,sell 是交出东西并收取回报的一方。
📖 中文释义
noun
  • core 买来的东西;划算的购买
    📖 指已经买下的东西或一次购买,常暗示价格相对低、物有所值。例如,一张便宜而实用的二手桌子可以被称为很划算的买卖。
    💡 常用模式是 “a good buy” 或 “a great buy”,后面可接具体物品。这个名词通常强调购买结果是否划算,而不是单纯表示“买”这一动作;不要和表示商店或购买行为的词混淆。
    This used bicycle was a great buy.
    这辆二手自行车买得很划算。
buys plural
verb
  • core 买;购买
    📖 用钱或等价物取得某样东西,这是 buy 最基本、最常用的意思。画面就是把钱递出去,把商品拿回来;也可以说明是替谁买。
    💡 常用句型是 “buy something” 和 “buy something for someone”,也可说 “buy someone something”。buy 的宾语是买到的东西,不是付款的人;不要把 for 后面的人误当成被购买的对象。
    ditransitive transitive
    I bought a warm coat for my sister.
    我给妹妹买了一件暖和的外套。
  • common 以牺牲换取
    📖 这里付出的不一定是钱,而是时间、自由、理想等代价;得到的则可能是舒适、成功或其他利益。它仍然保留“付出以换回某物”的核心画面。
    💡 常见模式是 “buy something by doing something” 或 “buy something at the cost of something”。这种用法多用于讨论人生选择或代价,宾语通常是抽象的利益;不要把它直译成真的购物。
    ditransitive transitive
    He bought financial security by giving up most of his free time.
    他放弃了大部分空闲时间,换来了经济上的保障。
  • rare 为某事付出代价
    📖 表示因自己的行为而承受后果,相当于“为某事付出代价”。这是古旧用法,可看作把后果当成必须支付的代价。
    💡 常见于古典或仿古表达 “buy it with one’s blood” 一类结构,现代日常英语中很少这样使用。学习时只需能在文学作品中认出它,不要把它当作普通的“购买”句型。
    archaic transitive
  • common 收买;贿赂
    📖 把钱、礼物或好处递给某人,目的是换取对方的支持、沉默或改变立场。这里买到的不是物品,而是对方的行为或态度。
    💡 常用模式是 “buy someone with something” 或 “try to buy someone off”。这种用法通常带有明显的负面意味,不能用来普通地表示“给某人买东西”;若只是替人购买,应使用表示购买的基本结构。
    transitive
    They tried to buy the witness with an expensive gift.
    他们试图用贵重礼物收买证人。
  • common 具有相当的购买力
    📖 表示某种钱或金额能够换来多少东西,重点是它的实际价值。比如同样的钱现在能买到的东西变少,就可以说这笔钱的购买力下降了。
    💡 常见模式是 “money buys something” 或 “something doesn’t buy as much as it used to”。主语通常是钱、收入或货币,而不是购物者;这里谈的是购买力,不是某个人正在完成的购买动作。
    transitive
    The same amount of money doesn't buy as much food now.
    同样多的钱现在买不到那么多食物了。
  • common 相信;接受为真的说法
    📖 在非正式表达中,buy 可以表示把某个解释、借口或故事“买进心里”,也就是相信它。若说不买某人的说法,就是不接受或不相信。
    💡 常见模式是 “buy something” 或否定式 “not buy something”,宾语通常是借口、解释、故事或说法。这个用法较口语化,常用于表示怀疑;不要理解成真的付钱购买那个说法。
    informal transitive
    I don't buy his excuse that the train was late.
    我不相信他所说的火车晚点这个借口。
  • common 请客;替人买饮料或饭菜
    📖 表示由说话者付款,为自己和别人买饮料、饭菜或礼物。它仍然是“付钱换东西”,只是东西由一方为另一方支付。
    💡 常见模式是 “buy someone a drink” 或 “buy for someone”,表示替某人付钱。语境通常是朋友间的饮食、礼物或轮流请客;要明确说出买给谁时,使用 someone 作间接宾语。
    intransitive
    It's my turn to buy everyone dinner.
    这次轮到我请大家吃晚饭了。
  • rare 用大幅加注虚张声势
    📖 在扑克术语中,指用大额下注让别人相信自己牌很好,从而迫使对方放弃。这里是用筹码“买”来一个有利结果,属于特定牌局用法。
    💡 常见于扑克语境中的 “buy the pot”,表示通过下注虚张声势赢下底池。这个用法带有俚语和牌类游戏色彩,不能直接套用于一般的“买东西”或普通的欺骗行为。
    slang transitive
buys present,singular,third-person buying participle,present bought past bought participle,past boughten archaic,dialectal,participle,past,rare buy first-person,present,singular bought first-person,past,singular buyest archaic,present,second-person,singular bought past,second-person,singular boughtest archaic,past,second-person,singular buyeth archaic,present,singular,third-person bought past,singular,third-person - plural,present bought past,plural buy present,subjunctive bought past,subjunctive buy imperative,present - imperative,past boughten archaic,participle,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 6 组
accept as true
同义词集: buy
I can't buy this story
上位: believe
obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction; ;
同义词集: buy purchase
The family purchased a new car
The conglomerate acquired a new company
She buys for the big department store
反义: sell 上位: acquire, get 下位: buy back, get, impulse-buy, repurchase, subscribe, subscribe to, take 参见: buy in, stock, stock up
acquire by trade or sacrifice or exchange
同义词集: buy
She wanted to buy his love with her dedication to him and his work
上位: acquire, get
make illegal payments to in exchange for favors or influence
同义词集: bribe corrupt buy grease one's palms
This judge can be bought
上位: pay 下位: sop
be worth or be capable of buying
同义词集: buy
This sum will buy you a ride on the train
上位: be
an advantageous purchase;
同义词集: bargain buy steal
she got a bargain at the auction
the stock was a real buy at that price
上位: purchase 下位: song
🌳 词源
源自中古英语和古英语,最初表示“购买、取得”等。其更早的词源尚不确定,可能与“拿走、交付”或“弯曲”有关。
From Middle English byen, from Old English bycġan (“to buy, pay for, acquire, redeem, ransom, procure, get done, sell”), from Proto-West Germanic *buggjan, from Proto-Germanic *bugjaną (“to buy”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰūgʰ- (“to bend”), or from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (“to take away, deliver”). Cognate with Scots buy (“to buy, purchase”), obsolete Dutch beugen (“to buy”), Old Saxon buggian, buggean (“to buy”), Old Norse byggja (“to build, settle”), Gothic 𐌱𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bugjan, “to buy”). The spelling with “u” is from the Southwest, while the pronunciation with /aɪ/ is from the East Midlands.
🔄 变式
- imperat bought 1st_sg boughten archaic boughtest archaic buyest archaic buyeth archaic buying present buys plural
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