building

building既可指建造这一过程，也可指建成的建筑物；作为动词形式时，是build的现在分词和动名词。

💡 记忆钩子

把building想成“把东西一层层搭起来”：搭建的过程是building，搭好后有墙有屋顶的东西也是building；放在动词结构中，则表示“正在搭建”或“搭建这件事”。

📝 学习建议

先掌握名词的两个核心义：建造过程和建筑物，再学习它作为动词形式的用法。
不要只把building理解成“建筑物”；在“the building of...”中，它指建造过程，而不是一栋楼。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 建造过程

📖 指把桥、房屋等东西建起来的行动或整个过程，强调“搭起来”这件事本身，而不是最后形成的建筑物。

💡 常用结构是“the building of + 名词”，例如表示某座桥或某栋房子的建造。这个义项通常不可数，不要在一般情况下说“a building”来表示一次建造活动；正式文本中也常用它谈工程进展。

uncountable

The building of the new hospital took three years.

这家新医院的建造用了三年。

The building of the bridge is almost finished.

这座桥的建造快要完成了。
core 建筑物

📖 指已经搭建起来、通常有墙和屋顶的实体，如房屋、办公楼或公寓楼。

💡 常用结构是“a/the + building”或“building + 名词”，表示一座具体建筑。它是可数名词，复数形式是buildings；不要把它误当成只指“楼房”，它也可以泛指各种有墙有屋顶的建筑物。

countable

My sister lives in that apartment building.

我姐姐住在那栋公寓楼里。
rare 数学中的专门结构

📖 在数学和相关科学领域，指一种专门的数学结构；可以把它记成从“建筑物”引申出的抽象结构。

countable uncountable

buildings plural

verb

common 正在建造；建造这件事

📖 这是build的现在分词和动名词：可以表示某人正在把东西搭起来，也可以表示“建造”这一活动本身。

💡 表示进行中的动作时用“be building + 宾语”，表示活动时可用“building + 宾语”作主语或其他成分。它不是一般现在时的第三人称形式；主语是he、she或it时，仍应使用builds，而不是building。

form-of gerund participle present

They are building a new school near the station.

他们正在车站附近建一所新学校。

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 4 组

the act of constructing something;

同义词集: construction building

during the construction we had to take a detour

his hobby was the building of boats

下位: assembly, erecting, erection, fabrication, grading, leveling, ship building, shipbuilding

the commercial activity involved in repairing old structures or constructing new ones;

同义词集: construction building

their main business is home construction

workers in the building trades

上位: business, business enterprise, commercial enterprise 下位: jerry-building

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place;

同义词集: building edifice

there was a three-story building on the corner

it was an imposing edifice

上位: construction, structure 下位: abattoir, architecture, bagnio, bawdyhouse, bordello, brothel, butchery, cathouse, center, centre, club, clubhouse, dead room, dorm, dormitory, eatery, eating house, eating place, glasshouse, greenhouse, hall, hotel, house, house of ill repute, house of prostitution, library, ministry, morgue, mortuary, observatory, planetarium, presbytery, residence hall, restaurant, rink, rotunda, ruin, school, schoolhouse, shambles, skating rink, skyscraper, slaughterhouse, sporting house, student residence, tap house, tavern, temple, theater, theatre, whorehouse

the occupants of a building

同义词集: building

the entire building complained about the noise

上位: assemblage, gathering

🌳 词源

源自中古英语，基本上由build加-ing构成；名词义和动词形式都与“建造”有关。

From Middle English byldynge, buyldyng, byldyng, buldynge, buldyng, boldyng, equivalent to build + -ing. Compare also related Middle English bold (“edifice, castle, mansion”), from Old English bold (“building, dwelling, house”).

🔄 变式

buildings plural

🏷 单词标签 & 词根