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behave
★★★
🇺🇸 /bɪhˈeɪv/
🇬🇧 /bᵻˈheɪv/
表示一个人的行为举止,既可以指守规矩、表现得体,也可以指以某种方式行动或表现。
💡 记忆钩子
把自己“管住、控制好”这个核心画面记住:先是管好自己的行为、表现得体,进而表示以某种方式表现;因此它既能说“守规矩”,也能说“像某种人一样行动”。
📝 学习建议
- 不要把 behave 只理解成“行为”这个名词;它是动词,重点是“表现、举止”。
- 初学时先掌握“守规矩”和“以某种方式表现”这两条主线,再认识较少见的旧义。
📖 中文释义
verb
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core 管好自己;守规矩📖 指约束自己的行为,表现得体、守规矩,尤其常用于提醒或要求某人不要胡闹。这里的核心仍是把自己“管住”。💡 常用句型是 behave yourself,表示“规矩点、表现好一点”;也可用在祈使句或条件句中。这个说法很常见,但语气可能像家长训孩子,也可以半开玩笑地对成年人说。不要把 yourself 省略后仍理解为同样的固定表达,因为单独使用 behave 语气和结构会有所不同。reflexiveYou need to behave yourself during the ceremony.你在仪式期间要规矩一点。The children behaved themselves at the restaurant.孩子们在餐馆里表现得很规矩。
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core 以某种方式表现📖 指某人以特定方式行动或表现,重点不是好坏,而是行为呈现出的样子;也可以说某事物运行或反应得怎样。💡 常用结构是 behave + 副词,或 behave like/as + 名词,说明表现方式。like 后面通常接名词或代词,不能把它机械地当作“喜欢”理解。正式和日常语境都能使用,描述人的行为时常带有评价意味。intransitiveHe behaves like a child whenever he is tired.他一累就表现得像个孩子。
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rare 管束或控制某物📖 这是过时的及物用法,表示管理、控制某种情绪或事物,可以看作“把它管住”这一核心意思的旧式延伸。💡 这种用法主要见于古旧文本,不适合现代日常表达。现代英语通常会改用更明确的动词来表示管理或控制某物。学习阅读旧作品时识别即可,不必主动使用。obsolete transitive
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common 举止得体;表现规矩📖 强调以礼貌、恰当的方式行动,通常是在提醒某人遵守场合要求;它和“管好自己”相近,但更突出礼貌和得体。💡 常见于命令、提醒或条件句中,如“如果你不规矩,就会受到惩罚”这一类结构。它可以单独使用,也可以和 yourself 连用;单独使用时依靠上下文判断是在说一般表现,还是特别强调礼貌规矩。对成年人使用时可能显得严厉或带玩笑意味。intransitivePlease behave while our guests are here.客人在这里时请规矩一点。
behaves
present,singular,third-person
behaving
participle,present
behaved
participle,past
behaved
past
behave
first-person,present,singular
behaved
first-person,past,singular
behave
present,second-person,singular
behavest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
behaved
past,second-person,singular
behavedst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
behaveth
archaic,present,singular,third-person
behaved
past,singular,third-person
behave
plural,present
behaved
past,plural
behave
present,subjunctive
behaved
past,subjunctive
behave
imperative,present
-
imperative,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 3 组
behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself; ; ;
同义词集:
act
behave
do
You should act like an adult
Don't behave like a fool
What makes her do this way?
The dog acts ferocious, but he is really afraid of people
下位: act, act as, bluster, break down, dally, dawdle, follow, freeze, frivol, jest, joke, loosen up, lose it, make, menace, optimise, optimize, play, presume, puff up, quack, rage, ramp, relax, sauce, snap, storm, swagger, swash, swell, toy, trifle, wanton
behave in a certain manner; ;
同义词集:
behave
acquit
bear
deport
conduct
comport
carry
She carried herself well
he bore himself with dignity
They conducted themselves well during these difficult times
上位: act, bear, carry, hold, move
下位: assert, deal, pose, posture, put forward
behave well or properly
同义词集:
behave
comport
The children must learn to behave
反义: misbehave, misconduct, misdemean
上位: act, move
下位: walk
🌳 词源
源自中古英语 behaven,和 be- 加 have 有关,早期含有“控制、 удерж住、约束自己”的意思,后来发展为“举止、表现”。
Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der.
Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder.
Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider.
Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi
Proto-Germanic *bider.
Proto-Germanic *bi-
Proto-West Germanic *bi-
substratebor.?
Proto-Indo-European *kap-der.
Proto-Germanic *habjaną
Proto-West Germanic *habbjan
Proto-West Germanic *bihabbjan
Old English behabban
Middle English behaven
English behave
From Middle English behaven, bihabben (“to restrain, behave”), from Old English behabban (“to surround, embrace, hold, contain, hold back, withhold, restrain”), from Proto-West Germanic *bihabbjan, equivalent to be- + have. Cognate with Middle Low German behebben, behāven (“to receive, acquire, reach, keep”), Low German behebben (“to act, behave”), German behaben (“to behave”).
🔄 变式
-
imperat
behaved
1st_sg
behavedst
archaic
behaves
present
behavest
archaic
behaveth
archaic
behaving
present
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