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barely

★★★
🇺🇸 /bˈɛɹli/ 🇬🇧 /ˈbɛːlɪj/
adv 编号: B00469 BNC #3192 COCA #1973
副词,主要表示“勉强达到某个结果”或“几乎没有达到某种程度”,也可表示“刚刚、才”。
💡 记忆钩子
把 barely 想成只擦着边通过一条线:事情虽然做到了,却几乎没有余地,于是引申为“勉强”;如果连线都快碰不到,就是“几乎不、几乎没有”。放在时间上,则表示“刚刚才”发生。另有古旧用法表示“仅仅”,以及少见的“明白地、直截了当地”,这两义与现代核心义分开记。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握“勉强”和“几乎不”这两个核心义,再学习表示“刚刚才”的时间用法。
  • 不要把 barely 一律理解成“仅仅”;在现代英语中,它常常强调程度非常低或结果险些未能实现。
📖 中文释义
adv
  • core 勉强;差一点没能
    📖 表示某件事最终做到了,但只是在最低限度上做到,几乎就要失败或不够了。
    💡 常用模式是 barely + 动词,或 barely + 通过、够用等结果表达。它强调“刚好达到标准”或“险些达不到”,不能简单理解为动作做得很少。
    not-comparable
    I barely caught the last train.
    我勉强赶上了末班车。
    She barely passed the exam.
    她勉强通过了考试。
  • core 几乎不;几乎没有
    📖 表示某种动作、感觉或数量接近于零,实际上几乎没有发生或几乎不存在。
    💡 常见模式是 can/could barely + 动词,也可放在数量表达前,如 barely enough。它表示“接近没有”而不是绝对的“完全没有”,所以通常仍暗示有一点点可能或数量。
    not-comparable
    I could barely hear him over the noise.
    噪声太大了,我几乎听不见他说话。
    There was barely enough food for everyone.
    食物几乎不够每个人吃。
  • common 刚刚;才
    📖 表示某事刚发生不久,或某人刚到达、刚做完某事,时间间隔非常短。
    💡 常用模式是 had barely + 过去分词 + when,表示“一……就……”,也可直接放在一般过去时动词前。它通常指“刚刚才”,不要用来泛指一段较长时间内的“最近”。
    not-comparable
    We had barely arrived when it started raining.
    我们刚到,天就开始下雨了。
  • rare 仅仅;只不过
    📖 古旧用法,表示没有更多内容或作用,相当于“只是、仅仅”,可看作“只达到这一点”的引申。
    💡 这种用法主要出现在古英语或历史文学文本中,现代日常英语里通常不用它表达“仅仅”。阅读旧文本时可根据上下文把它理解为限制范围的副词。
    archaic not-comparable
  • rare 明白地;直截了当地
    📖 少见的古旧用法,表示某件事被公开、明确地说出或确认,与“隐藏地”相对。
    💡 这种义项属于古旧或极少见的书面用法,现代会话中不宜照此使用。遇到这类文本时,可把它看作强调陈述清楚、明确无误的副词。
    comparable rare
more barely comparative most barely superlative
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 3 组
only a very short time before; ; ; - W.B.Yeats
同义词集: barely hardly just scarcely scarce
we hardly knew them
had scarcely rung the bell when the door flew open
would have scarce arrived before she would have found some excuse to leave
by a little; ; ; ;
同义词集: barely just
I only just caught the bus
he finished the marathon in just under 3 hours
it was barely 5 a.m.
the network has barely 5 percent of viewers
the batter just missed being hit
almost not; ; ; ; ;
同义词集: hardly scarcely barely scarce
he hardly ever goes fishing
he was scarce sixteen years old
they scarcely ever used the emergency generator
I can hardly hear what she is saying
she barely seemed to notice him
we were so far back in the theater, we could barely read the subtitles
🌳 词源
源自古英语,由表示“裸露、仅有”的词根加副词后缀构成,早期也与“只、仅仅”的含义有关。
From Middle English baarly, bareliche, barely, barly, from Old English bærlīċe, equivalent to bare + -ly. Compare Danish bare (“only, just”), Norwegian bare (“only, just”).
🔄 变式
more barely compar most barely superl
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