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assumption

★★★
🇺🇸 /ʌsˈʌmpʃʌn/
name 编号: A02539 BNC #1693 COCA #2606
assumption 主要指“承担或接受某事”，也常指未经证明就接受的看法；在基督教语境中还特指圣母升天及其节日。
💡 记忆钩子
把某件事“拿到自己这边”就是 assumption：可以是主动承担责任，也可以是把未经证明的想法先当成事实；在宗教语境中，则是把圣母“接到天上”，由此形成“圣母升天”和相关节日的专名。
📝 学习建议
  • 先掌握“承担”和“未经证明的设想”这两个日常义，再学习宗教义和逻辑义。
  • 不要把 assumption 一律理解为“假设”；表示承担责任时，它更接近“接手、承担”。
📖 中文释义
name
  • common 圣母升天
    📖 指基督教，尤其是天主教所说的圣母玛利亚被接升天这一信条或事件。
    💡 常见于“the Assumption of Mary”这一结构，前面通常加定冠词并把首字母大写。它是宗教专名，不表示一般意义上的“假设”或“承担”。
    The Assumption of Mary is an important Catholic belief.
    圣母升天是天主教的一项重要信条。
  • common 圣母升天节
    📖 指每年八月十五日庆祝圣母升天的基督教节日，尤其与天主教传统相关。
    💡 常用“the Assumption”或“the Feast of the Assumption”指这个节日，日期通常表达为“on August 15”。不要把节日名称误解成对某件事的普通猜测。
    Many churches hold a special service on the Assumption.
    许多教堂会在圣母升天节举行特别礼拜。
noun
  • core 承担；接手
    📖 指主动把责任、职务或任务接到自己身上，也就是“接手并负责”。这里的核心不是猜测，而是接受某项责任或角色。
    💡 常用“the assumption of + 职务、责任或任务”这一结构，也可说“someone’s assumption of duties”。这个义项较正式，日常对话中常用“take on”或“take over”表达类似意思；不要误译成“假设”。
    countable uncountable
    Her assumption of leadership brought the team together.
    她接任领导职务后，团队团结了起来。
    The assumption of these duties will require extra training.
    承担这些职责需要额外培训。
  • core 未经证明的假定
    📖 指没有充分证据，却先把某种说法当作事实来接受；这种假定可能是错误的，甚至是不合理的。
    💡 常用“make an assumption”或“the assumption that + 从句”，也可说“assume that + 从句”。“on the assumption that”表示“以……为前提”；不要把 assumption 误当成已经证实的结论。
    countable uncountable
    We made the assumption that everyone had received the email.
    我们假定每个人都收到了那封电子邮件。
    His assumption that I was angry was completely wrong.
    他以为我生气了，这完全错了。
  • common 假定的前提
    📖 指推理、计划或讨论中先接受的前提或设定；它不一定是随意猜测，但需要明确说明并接受检验。
    💡 常用“an assumption underlying + 名词”或“based on the assumption that + 从句”。在学术、商业和分析语境中很常见；说“challenge an assumption”表示质疑某个前提，而不是质疑一个人的行为。
    countable uncountable
    The plan is based on the assumption that sales will increase.
    这项计划建立在销售额会增长这一假定之上。
  • rare 三段论的小前提
    📖 在逻辑学中，指三段论中与结论直接相关的第二个命题，是一种专门的推理术语。
    💡 只在逻辑学、哲学或相关学术文本中使用，不能按日常“猜测”的意思理解。普通讨论中通常不需要主动使用这个义项。
    countable uncountable
  • rare 被接升天
    📖 指宗教意义上某人被接到天上；它是“把某物接到更高处”这一核心图像在神学中的特殊用法。
    💡 通常出现在神学、宗教史或古旧文本中，常与“into heaven”连用。现代一般英语中不用于描述普通人的死亡或升天。
    countable uncountable
  • common 圣母升天节
    📖 指八月十五日纪念圣母升天的节日，与专名 Assumption 的节日义相同，但这里作为普通名词使用。
    💡 常见于“the Feast of the Assumption”或“the Assumption”这样的节日名称中，通常首字母大写。它属于宗教语境，不能替代日常的“假设”义。
    countable uncountable
    The town celebrates the Assumption with a procession each year.
    这个城镇每年都用游行庆祝圣母升天节。
  • rare 修辞学术语
    📖 指 Assumptio，是古典修辞学中的专门术语；可以把它看作“接受某个前提”这一核心概念的术语化形式。
    💡 只在修辞学或古典学术文献中出现，现代日常英语中几乎不用。不要根据拼写把它当作普通的 assumption 来使用。
    countable rhetoric uncountable
assumptions plural
📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 7 组
the act of taking possession of or power over something; ;
同义词集: assumption laying claim
his assumption of office coincided with the trouble in Cuba
the Nazi assumption of power in 1934
he acquired all the company's assets for ten million dollars and the assumption of the company's debts
上位: acquisition
the act of assuming or taking for granted
同义词集: assumption
your assumption that I would agree was unwarranted
上位: act, deed, human action, human activity 下位: position
audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to
同义词集: presumption presumptuousness effrontery assumption
he despised them for their presumptuousness
上位: audaciousness, audacity
a hypothesis that is taken for granted
同义词集: assumption supposition supposal
any society is built upon certain assumptions
上位: hypothesis, possibility, theory 下位: base, basis, conclusion, cornerstone, foundation, fundament, given, groundwork, precondition, presumption
a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn
同义词集: premise premiss assumption
on the assumption that he has been injured we can infer that he will not play
上位: posit, postulate 下位: condition, precondition, scenario, stipulation, thesis
(Christianity) the taking up of the body and soul of the Virgin Mary when her earthly life had ended
同义词集: assumption
上位: miracle
celebration in the Roman Catholic Church of the Virgin Mary's being taken up into heaven when her earthly life ended; corresponds to the Dormition in the Eastern Orthodox Church
同义词集: assumption assumption of mary august 15
🌳 词源
源自拉丁语，核心含义是“拿起、接受、采用”；宗教义由“被接到天上”发展而来。
Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Proto-Indo-European *upó Proto-Italic *supo Latin sub Latin sub- Proto-Indo-European *h₁em- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *h₁émeti Proto-Italic *emō Latin emō Latin sūmō Latin assūmō Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin assūmptiōder. Middle English assumpciounder. English assumption From Middle English assumpcioun, from Medieval Latin assūmptiō (“a taking up (into heaven)”) and Latin assūmptiō (“a taking up, adoption, the minor proposition of a syllogism”) (whence -ion), from Latin assūmō (whence as- (“assimilated form of ad-”). See also assume. Doublet of assumptio.
🔄 变式
assumptions plural
🏷 单词标签 & 词根
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