association

名词，核心意思是“把人或事物联系起来”：既可指联系这一行为或由此产生的联想，也可指为共同目的组成的协会；在统计学和编程中还有专门用法。

💡 记忆钩子

想象用一根线把人、事物和想法连在一起：牵线的动作是 association，连线形成的关系或联想也是 association；许多人为了共同目的被连在一起，就成了协会，在统计学和编程里则表示对象之间存在某种联系。

📝 学习建议

不要把 association 一律译成“协会”：表示组织时才是“协会”，表示想法、记忆或事物之间的联系时通常是“联想”或“联系”。
先掌握“联系、联想”和“协会”这两个日常义，再学习统计学与编程中的专门义；它和“因果关系”不是一回事。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 联系、联结这一行为

📖 指把人、事物或想法联系、联结起来的行为本身，重点在“建立联系”这一过程，而不是联系之后形成的具体关系。

💡 常用“the association of A with B”表示“把 A 与 B 联系起来”，也可用“by association”表示因联系而产生的联想。这个义项通常不可数，不能随意在前面加不定冠词。

uncountable

The association of certain colors with emotions varies from culture to culture.

不同文化把某些颜色与情感联系起来的方式各不相同。
core 联系、关联；联想

📖 指联系形成后的状态，或一个事物引起的记忆、联想；一件物品可能让人联想到某段经历，这种联想就是 association。

💡 具体关系常用“an association between A and B”，引发记忆或感受时常用“associations with A”。表示不同的联想或关系时用复数 associations；不要把这里的 association 误解为正式组织。

countable

The old house has strong associations with my childhood.

这座老房子让我强烈联想到童年。

For many people, the smell of bread has pleasant associations.

对许多人来说，面包的香味会带来愉快的联想。
common 统计关联

📖 在统计学中，指两个量之间存在依赖关系：一个量的变化与另一个量有关，但这本身不证明其中一个导致了另一个。

💡 常用“an association between A and B”或“a statistical association”来报告研究结果。写作时要避免把 association 直接说成因果关系；通常需要搭配统计学或科学研究语境。

countable uncountable

The study found an association between sleep quality and memory.

这项研究发现睡眠质量与记忆力之间存在统计关联。
core 协会；组织

📖 指一群为了共同目标而组织起来的人，也就是协会、团体或社团；这里的“联系”从人与人之间的关系扩大成了一个正式组织。

💡 常用“an association for/among A”说明服务对象或成员，也常说“join an association”和“professional association”。表示一个具体组织时通常可数；泛指这种组织形式时也可以不可数。

countable uncountable

She joined a local association for independent artists.

她加入了一个面向独立艺术家的地方协会。
common 编程中的对象关系

📖 在面向对象编程中，指不同类别的对象之间建立的关系，使一个对象能够借助另一个对象完成操作；它仍然是“对象之间连上线”的意思。

💡 常用“an association between two classes”或“a class association”来描述这种关系。这个义项只适用于编程讨论，不能用来泛指现实中的合作关系；具体含义要看相关设计或建模语境。

countable uncountable

The diagram shows an association between the customer and the order classes.

这张图展示了客户类和订单类之间的关联。
rare 菲律宾华人同姓会或同乡会

📖 在菲律宾华人语境中，指因同姓、同乡、同业或共同所在地而组成的互助组织，是“有共同联系的人组成的协会”这一意思的地域用法。

💡 通常用“a Chinese association”或“an association for people from the same place”说明其成员和性质。这个义项带有菲律宾地域和华人社群背景，在一般英语中不常见，不能据此推断所有 association 都指华人组织。

Philippines countable uncountable

associations plural

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 8 组

the act of consorting with or joining with others

同义词集: association

you cannot be convicted of criminal guilt by association

下位: affiliation

the process of bringing ideas or events together in memory or imagination

同义词集: association connection connexion

conditioning is a form of learning by association

上位: memory, remembering

(ecology) a group of organisms (plants and animals) that live together in a certain geographical region and constitute a community with a few dominant species

同义词集: association

上位: group, grouping

a formal organization of people or groups of people

同义词集: association

he joined the Modern Language Association

上位: organisation, organization 下位: aarp, asean, association for the advancement of retired persons, association of southeast asian nations, club, conference, consortium, cooperative, family, fellowship, gang, gild, guild, institute, league, legion, lodge, mob, order, pack, pool, ring, sisterhood, sistership, social club, society, syndicate

(chemistry) any process of combination (especially in solution) that depends on relatively weak chemical bonding

同义词集: association

下位: hydration

a relation resulting from interaction or dependence;

同义词集: association

flints were found in association with the prehistoric remains of the bear

the host is not always injured by association with a parasite

上位: relation

a social or business relationship; ;

同义词集: affiliation association tie tie-up

a valuable financial affiliation

he was sorry he had to sever his ties with other members of the team

many close associations with England

上位: relationship

the state of being connected together as in memory or imagination

同义词集: association

his association of his father with being beaten was too strong to break

上位: unification, union

🌳 词源

源自拉丁语 associātiō，来自 associō，可能经由法语 association；构词上相当于 associate 加名词后缀 -ion。菲律宾义是西班牙语 gremio 的仿译。

Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *sokʷéh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ṓy Proto-Indo-European *sokʷh₂ṓy Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Indo-European *sokʷyós Proto-Italic *sokjos Latin sokios Latin socius Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin sociō Latin associō Proto-Indo-European *-tis Proto-Indo-European *-Hō Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō Proto-Italic *-tiō Latin -tiō Latin associātiōbor. English association From Latin associātiō, from associō (perhaps via French association). Morphologically associate + -ion. The Philippine sense is a calque of Spanish gremio.

🔄 变式

associations plural

🏷 单词标签 & 词根