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asshole
🇺🇸 /ˈæshoʊl/
一个粗俗、冒犯性很强的英语名词:本义指肛门,常见引申义是“讨厌的混蛋”,也可形容非常糟糕的地方或事物。
💡 记忆钩子
把它记成“身体上一个令人不适的洞”:先指肛门,再把这种令人不适的感觉转到人身上,指讨厌、粗鲁的人;最后还可以形容糟糕透顶的地方或东西。
📝 学习建议
- 不要把它当作普通的“坏人”来使用;这是明显粗俗且带侮辱性的词,正式场合和对不熟悉的人应避免使用。
- 学习时先掌握“讨厌的混蛋”这一引申义,再认识身体部位的字面义;影视对白中常见,但不等于礼貌的日常表达。
📖 中文释义
noun
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rare 肛门📖 字面上指肛门,是非常粗俗的说法;“令人不适的洞”这一核心形象由此开始。💡 常见于“my/his asshole”或“pain around the asshole”等结构中。这个用法属于粗俗、非正式的身体部位称呼,医学或礼貌表达不使用它。中文使用者不要把它当作普通的英语解剖学术语。US vulgar
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core 讨厌的混蛋📖 指自私、粗鲁、刻薄、令人厌恶的人,像把“令人不适的洞”这一形象转用于骂人。💡 常用句型是“某人 is an asshole”或“an asshole who + 动词”。这是强烈的侮辱性粗俗词,只适合非正式冲突、引语或刻意的戏谑语境;不要在职场、服务场合或正式写作中随意使用。作为可数名词,前面通常要有冠词或限定词。US derogatory offensive vulgarMy neighbor is an asshole who plays loud music all night.我的邻居是个混蛋,整晚都放很大的音乐。Don't be an asshole—give her a chance to explain.别这么混蛋——给她一个解释的机会。
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common 糟糕透顶的地方或事物📖 把对讨厌之人的评价进一步用于地方或事物,表示它极其糟糕、令人不快或不值得去。💡 常见结构是“the asshole of + 地方或范围”,也可以作后置同位语,如“这个地方,真是个……”。这种用法仍然粗俗,通常带有夸张、愤怒或黑色幽默色彩;不要把它理解成中性的“偏僻地带”。US broadly vulgarAfter three hours in the airport, we called it the asshole of the country.在机场待了三个小时后,我们把那里称作全国最糟糕的地方。
assholes
plural
noun
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rare 炉灰收集盒📖 在较早的北英格兰、苏格兰或美国用法中,指炉栅下用来收集灰烬的容器;这是与现代主要义项不同的旧义。Northern-England Scotland US obsolete
assholes
plural
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 2 组
vulgar slang for anus
同义词集:
arse
arsehole
asshole
bunghole
上位: anus
insulting terms of address for people who are stupid or irritating or ridiculous
同义词集:
asshole
bastard
cocksucker
dickhead
shit
mother fucker
motherfucker
prick
whoreson
son of a bitch
sob
🌳 词源
源自更早的同义粗俗词,字面上相当于“屁股的洞”;后来在20世纪发展出指讨厌的人和糟糕地方的比喻义。
Proto-Indo-European *h₁órs-o-s
Proto-Germanic *arsaz
Proto-West Germanic *ars
Old English ears
Middle English ars
English ass
Proto-Germanic *hulaz
Proto-Germanic *hulą
Proto-West Germanic *hol
Old English hol
Middle English hole
English hole
English asshole
Variant of earlier arsehole, from Middle English arshole, arcehoole, equivalent to ass + hole. Cognate with Norwegian rasshøl (“asshole”), Swedish arsle (“asshole”). Compare also German Arschloch (“asshole”). Attested from the 1370s, replacing earlier Old English earsþyrel (“anus”, literally “ass hole”).
First recorded in Middle English, as ers hole (Glouc. Cath. Manuscript 19. No. I., dated 1379, cited after OED), ars-hole (Bodleian Ashmole MS. 1396, dated ca. 1400, ed. Robert Von Fleischhacker as Lanfrank's "Science of Cirurgie", EETS 102, 1894, cited after OED.) Slang figurative usage dates to the 20th century; it was used of an uninviting place (compare shithole) in the 1920s, and then of an anti-social or despicable person from at least the 1950s (Harvard Advocate 137, March 1954). It is also used appositionally (as in "You're an asshole moralist", T. Chamales, 1957).
🔄 变式
assholes
plural
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