← 返回单词列表
ask
★★★★★
🇺🇸 /ˈæsk/
🇬🇧 /ɑːsk/
ask 主要表示“问、请求”,也可作名词表示一次请求或请求的内容;此外还可指北欧神话中的人物、瑞典姓氏,以及少数方言和技术用法。
💡 记忆钩子
把 ask 想成“把愿望递到别人面前”:递出问题就是“问”,递出需要就是“请求”,对方要付出的东西就是“要求的价格或代价”,这份递出去的请求本身也可以叫 ask。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握动词的常用句型,再学习名词用法:ask someone、ask for something、ask someone to do something 和 ask a question。
- 不要把 ask 只理解成“询问”;它也常表示“请求”,而 ask for 后面通常接所要的东西。
- 名词 ask 多用于非正式语境,不能把它和所有表示“问题”的词随意互换。
📖 中文释义
name
-
rare 北欧神话人物📖 在《诗体埃达》中,Ask 是最初的人类男性;这是专名,不是普通名词。💡 通常直接作专名使用,不加普通名词意义上的限定词。现代日常英语中几乎不会用它指普通人。Norse
name
-
common 瑞典姓氏📖 Ask 也可以是一个源自瑞典的姓氏,表示人的家族名称。💡 常见结构是“名字 + Ask”,作为整体人名使用。它是姓氏时通常不翻译,也不表示“询问”。Dr. Ask will speak at the conference.阿斯克博士将在会议上发言。
Asks
plural
noun
-
core 一次请求📖 ask 可以指“开口请求”这一行为本身,重点是把某个愿望递给别人。💡 常用结构是“make an ask”或“a big ask”,但这些说法偏非正式。不要把它当作正式文体中所有“请求”的唯一名词。informalMaking that ask was difficult for her.她很难开口提出那个请求。
-
core 所请求的事物📖 ask 也可以指被请求的东西或事情本身,即“这份请求”。💡 常见结构是“a big ask”或“that’s a lot to ask”;通常根据上下文理解具体请求内容。它不等于一般意义上的“问题”。informalI know it’s a big ask, but could you help me move?我知道这个请求有点过分,但你能帮我搬家吗?
-
common 要价📖 在买卖语境中,ask 可以指卖方提出的价格,也就是对方要求买方支付的数额。💡 常见结构是“the asking price”或“the ask”;主要用于非正式商业和交易语境。正式文本中通常使用更明确的价格表达。informalThe seller lowered the ask after two weeks.卖家两周后降低了要价。
-
rare 社交平台上的提问消息📖 在特定博客平台语境中,ask 指发送给博主、并可能公开回答的提问或留言。💡 这是特定网络平台的非正式用法,通常在相关平台文化中使用。不要把普通社交媒体上的所有私信都叫作 ask。Internet informal
asks
plural
noun
-
rare 蝾螈📖 在苏格兰及部分英国方言中,ask 可指蝾螈一类的小型两栖动物。💡 只在地区或方言语境中使用,通常不能替代通用词。日常英语中应使用更常见的动物名称。Scotland UK dialectal informal
-
rare 蜥蜴📖 在部分英国方言中,ask 也可指蜥蜴,和“爬行动物”的方言称呼有关。💡 这是边缘地区用法,常见于地方记录或旧文献。学习时只需能在阅读中识别,不必主动套用。UK dialectal informal
asks
plural
noun
-
rare 振幅移键控📖 在通信技术中,ASK 是 amplitude shift keying 的首字母缩写,指用载波振幅变化传递数字信息的方法。💡 通常以全大写形式出现在技术文档、图表或课程材料中。它和普通动词 ask 只是拼写相同,不能按日常词义理解。abbreviation alt-of initialism uncountable
verb
-
core 向某人询问📖 表示向某人提出问题,以获得信息,例如询问年龄、原因或情况。💡 常见结构是“ask someone + 疑问内容”,也可说“ask someone about something”。不要说成“ask to someone”;向人提问时直接接人。intransitive transitiveI asked Mia her age.我问了米娅的年龄。He asked me about the meeting.他问了我会议的情况。
-
common 向某人请求某物📖 表示把想要的东西或帮助直接请求给某人,重点是请求对象和内容都出现。💡 常见结构是“ask someone for something”;也可以省略人而说“ask for something”。这里不能把 for 随意省略,否则句型会变成提问结构。ditransitive transitiveShe asked her neighbor for some advice.她向邻居请教了一些建议。
-
core 请求某物📖 表示请求得到某物、帮助或机会,常常不说明向谁请求。💡 基本结构是“ask for + 名词”,也可说“ask for help”或“ask for permission”。中文母语者容易漏掉 for,或把它误换成 to。transitive usuallyI asked for a second helping.我又请求添了一份饭菜。
-
core 请某人做某事📖 表示请求或要求某人完成一个动作,把请求递给某人并指向具体行为。💡 常见结构是“ask someone to do something”,不能说“ask someone doing something”。否定形式通常是“ask someone not to do something”。transitiveEmma asked Jim to close the window.艾玛请吉姆关上窗户。I asked them not to wait for me.我请他们不要等我。
-
common 请求自己做某事📖 表示请求允许自己做某事,或向别人提出“让自己做某事”的请求。💡 常见结构是“ask to do something”,后面直接接动词不定式。不要在 ask 和 to do 之间再加表示自己的宾语。She asked to see the doctor.她请求见医生。
-
core 提出问题📖 表示把一个问题正式或口头提出来,等待别人回答。它强调动作本身,后面可直接接 question。💡 常见结构是“ask a question”或“ask whether/if...”。不要把“提出问题”机械地说成“say a question”;英语通常用 ask。The student asked an important question.那名学生提出了一个重要问题。
-
common 要求价格📖 在买卖语境中,表示卖方要求某个价格,或某物需要付出某种代价。💡 常见结构是“ask + 价格 + for something”或“ask for + 价格”。谈房屋等商品时,主语通常是卖方或商品所有者。They are asking two hundred thousand dollars for the house.他们给这栋房子要价二十万美元。
-
common 邀请📖 表示请某人参加活动或到某处来,核心仍是把一个邀请递给对方。💡 常见结构是“ask someone to + 活动或地点”,语气可从普通邀请到礼貌请求,取决于上下文。婚礼、聚会等场合中不要误解为单纯提问。We asked our neighbors to dinner.我们邀请邻居来吃晚饭。
-
rare 宣布结婚公告📖 在旧式教会语境中,ask 可指公布结婚公告或宣布某人即将结婚。💡 这是历史性或宗教礼俗用法,现代日常英语中几乎不用。阅读旧小说或教会史料时才可能遇到。
-
rare 拿某人或某事作例子📖 在比喻用法中,ask someone 意为“看看某人的情况就知道”,借此强调某个事实。💡 常见结构是“just ask + 人名”,多用于强调或劝说,语气常带修辞色彩。它不是向该人真正提出问题。figuratively
asks
present,singular,third-person
asking
participle,present
asked
participle,past
asked
past
ask
first-person,present,singular
aks
dialectal,first-person,present,singular
asked
first-person,past,singular
aksed
dialectal,first-person,past,singular
ask
present,second-person,singular
askest
archaic,present,second-person,singular
asked
past,second-person,singular
askedst
archaic,past,second-person,singular
aks
dialectal,present,singular,third-person
akses
dialectal,present,singular,third-person
asketh
archaic,present,singular,third-person
asked
past,singular,third-person
aksed
dialectal,past,singular,third-person
ask
plural,present
asken
archaic,plural,present
asked
past,plural
aksed
dialectal,past,plural
ask
present,subjunctive
asked
past,subjunctive
ask
imperative,present
-
imperative,past
aksing
dialectal,participle,present
aksed
dialectal,participle,past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 7 组
make a request or demand for something to somebody
同义词集:
ask
She asked him for a loan
上位: ask for, bespeak, call for, quest, request
下位: request, solicit
参见: ask in, ask out, ask over, ask round, invite, invite out, take out
consider obligatory; request and expect; ;
同义词集:
ask
require
expect
We require our secretary to be on time
Aren't we asking too much of these children?
I expect my students to arrive in time for their lessons
上位: demand
下位: call
direct or put; seek an answer to
同义词集:
ask
ask a question
上位: articulate, formulate, give voice, phrase, word
address a question to and expect an answer from; ; ;
同义词集:
ask
inquire
enquire
Ask your teacher about trigonometry
The children asked me about their dead grandmother
I inquired about their special today
He had to ask directions several times
上位: communicate, intercommunicate
下位: confer with, consult, interrogate, pry, query, question
require or ask for as a price or condition;
同义词集:
ask
He is asking $200 for the table
The kidnappers are asking a million dollars in return for the release of their hostage
上位: demand
make a date
同义词集:
ask out
ask
invite out
take out
Has he asked you out yet?
He asekd me to a dance
上位: ask for, bespeak, call for, quest, request
require as useful, just, or proper; ; ; ; ;
同义词集:
necessitate
ask
postulate
need
require
take
involve
call for
demand
It takes nerve to do what she did
success usually requires hard work
This job asks a lot of patience and skill
This position demands a lot of personal sacrifice
This dinner calls for a spectacular dessert
This intervention does not postulate a patient's consent
反义: eliminate, obviate, rid of
下位: claim, compel, cost, draw, exact, govern, take
🌳 词源
动词和主要名词义来自古英语,核心词源与“愿望、请求”有关;北欧神话人物名和瑞典姓氏则另源于表示“梣树”的词。
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eys-
Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti
Proto-Indo-European *h₂isḱéti
Proto-Germanic *iskaną
Proto-Germanic *aiskaz
Proto-West Germanic *aisk
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ti
Proto-Germanic *-ōną
Proto-West Germanic *-ōn
Proto-West Germanic *aiskōn
Old English āscian
Middle English asken
English ask
From Middle English asken, axen, from Old English āscian, from Proto-West Germanic *aiskōn, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eys- (“to wish; request”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian aaskje (“to ask, demand, require”), West Frisian easkje (“to ask, demand, require”), Dutch eisen (“to demand, require”), German heischen (“to ask, request, implore”), Russian иска́ть (iskátʹ), Sanskrit इच्छति (iccháti) (whence Hindi ईछना (īchnā).
🔄 变式
-
imperat
aks
dialect
aksed
dialect
akses
dialect
aksing
dialect
asked
1st_sg
askedst
archaic
asken
archaic
askest
archaic
asketh
archaic
asking
present
Asks
plural
🏷 单词标签 & 词根