activity

activity 是“活跃、进行中的事”：既可指忙碌或行动的状态，也可指一项具体活动，另有语言学、物理学和化学中的专业义。

💡 记忆钩子

把 activity 想成一幅“动起来”的画面：人群忙碌是活跃状态，正在做的事是一项活动，出门运动娱乐则是休闲活动；在专业语境中，这个“动起来、发生着”的核心又延伸到持续进行的动词类型、放射性衰变的强弱和物质发生反应的能力。

📝 学习建议

先掌握“活跃状态”和“具体活动”两个核心义，再学习专业义。
不要把 activity 一律理解成“活动项目”；不可数时常表示总体上的忙碌或活动量，可数时才通常指一件或一类活动。

📖 中文释义

noun

core 活跃；活动量

📖 指人、地方或组织处于忙碌、不断运作的状态，也可以指这种状态所表现出的活动量。这里关注的是“整体有多忙、动静有多大”，不是某一件单独的活动。

💡 常用“有很多／很少 activity”或“activity around／in 某地”表示某处的活动情况。这个义项通常不可数，不能在普通语境中直接说“一项 activity”来表示总体忙碌。它常用于描述场所、行业、市场或一段时间里的动静，语体从日常到正式都可以。

uncountable

There was a lot of activity outside the station this morning.

今天早上车站外面人来人往，十分热闹。

Business activity usually slows down during the holiday.

假期期间，商业活动通常会放缓。
core 一项行动；所做的事

📖 指一个人实际做出的某件事或一连串动作，重点是“做了什么”。它可以是日常事务，也可以只是为了安排时间而进行的一项事情。

💡 常用“an activity for／during 某段时间”或“do an activity”来引出具体活动。这个义项通常可数，可以用数词、复数或“某项”来限定；不要把它和表示总体忙碌的不可数用法混用。若只是说一项课程、游戏或出游安排，也可以使用这个义项。

countable

Our first activity was a short walk around the village.

我们的第一项活动是在村子里短途散步。

The teacher planned three activities for the afternoon.

老师为下午安排了三项活动。
common 休闲活动；娱乐活动

📖 指为了休息、娱乐或锻炼而参加的活动，尤其是需要身体移动、外出或游玩的项目。它是具体活动义的常见延伸，重点不在工作任务，而在消遣和体验。

💡 常用复数表示一组可选择的休闲项目，如“outdoor activities”或“leisure activities”。它通常是可数名词，前面可用“an”或数词；不要把所有工作任务都自动归入这个义项。正式介绍旅游、学校或社团项目时也很常见。

countable

The resort offers activities for children and adults.

这个度假村为儿童和成人都提供休闲活动。
rare 活动体：无终点的持续动作类型

📖 语言学中指一种动词或谓词的情状类型：动作会随时间持续，但本身没有自然终点，例如“跑”这一类动作。它仍然保留了“事情正在发生、持续运作”的核心概念。

💡 通常出现在语言学讨论中，常与“动词”“谓词”“情状类型”等术语搭配。不要把这里的 activity 理解成日常的娱乐项目；它描述的是事件结构，而不是现实中的活动名称。

countable uncountable
rare 放射性活度

📖 物理学中指单位时间内发生的放射性衰变次数，也就是放射源每单位时间“动”得多快。它是可测量的物理量，单位可用贝可勒尔等表示。

countable uncountable
rare 反应活性

📖 在化学中指某种物质与其他物质发生反应的性质或程度，可以理解为它有多容易参与化学变化。

countable uncountable

activities plural

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 6 组

any specific behavior

同义词集: activity

they avoided all recreational activity

反义: inactivity 上位: act, deed, human action, human activity 下位: acting, activating, activation, actus reus, aid, animation, assist, assistance, attempt, bag, behavior, behaviour, burst, business, buzz, calibration, ceremony, committal to writing, concealing, concealment, conduct, continuance, continuation, control, creation, creative activity, cup of tea, deeds, delectation, demand, didactics, disassembly, dish, dismantlement, dismantling, dissipation, disturbance, diversion, doings, education, educational activity, effort, emplacement, employment, endeavor, endeavour, energizing, enjoyment, exercise, fit, follow-up, followup, fun, game, grooming, grouping, help, hiding, hunt, hunting, instruction, job, lamentation, last, laughter, leadership, leading, line, line of work, liveliness, locating, location, market, market place, marketplace, measure, measurement, measuring, mensuration, military operation, misconduct, mourning, music, negotiation, occupation, operation, organisation, organization, outlet, pattern, pedagogy, performing, perturbation, placement, play, playacting, playing, pleasure, politics, position, positioning, practice, precedence, precedency, precession, preparation, procedure, process, protection, provision, puncture, readying, recreation, release, representation, role, search, service, solo, standardisation, standardization, supply, supplying, support, supporting, teaching, training, try, turn, update, usage, use, utilisation, utilization, variance, variation, vent, waste, wastefulness, work, works, worship, writing, wrongdoing, wrongful conduct

the trait of being active; moving or acting rapidly and energetically

同义词集: activeness activity

the level of activity declines with age

反义: inactiveness, inactivity, inertia 上位: trait 下位: animation, brio, dynamism, invigoration, oomph, pizzaz, pizzazz, spiritedness, vivification, zing

an organic process that takes place in the body

同义词集: bodily process body process bodily function activity

respiratory activity

下位: breath, breathing, consumption, control, crying, diaphoresis, discharge, emission, expelling, external respiration, festering, healing, hidrosis, ingestion, insemination, intake, lachrymation, lacrimation, lactation, maturation, perspiration, reaction, respiration, response, sex, sex activity, sexual activity, sexual practice, sleeping, sudation, suppuration, sweating, tanning, tearing, tears, uptake, ventilation, watering, weeping

a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings);

同义词集: natural process natural action action activity

the action of natural forces

volcanic activity

上位: physical process, process 下位: absorption, capture, chromatography, clotting, coagulation, condensation, convection, curdling, curing, decay, diffusion, disintegration, dissolution, distillation, distillment, drift, ecesis, ecological succession, establishment, extinction, extraction, feedback, filtration, flow, formation, hardening, inactivation, ionisation, ionization, leach, leaching, natural selection, oscillation, radiation, release, scattering, selection, set, sink, soak, soakage, soaking, softening, solidification, solidifying, source, stimulation, succession, survival, survival of the fittest, synergism, synergy

the state of being active;

同义词集: action activity activeness

his sphere of activity

he is out of action

反义: inaction, inactiveness, inactivity 上位: state 下位: agency, behavior, behaviour, busyness, eructation, eruption, extravasation, hum, operation, overdrive, play, swing

(chemistry) the capacity of a substance to take part in a chemical reaction

同义词集: activity

catalytic activity

上位: capability, capacity

🌳 词源

源自中古法语 activité，最终来自拉丁语 activitas，与表示“主动的、活跃的”的词根有关。

Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti Proto-Italic *agō Latin agō Proto-Indo-European *-wós Proto-Indo-European *-iHwósder. Latin -īvus ▲ Ancient Greek ἐνεργητῐκός (energētĭkós)sl. Latin āctīvus Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ts Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts Proto-Italic *-tāts Latin -tās Latin āctīvitāsder. Middle French activitébor. English activity From Middle French activité, from Latin activitas. Equivalent to active + -ity.

🔄 变式

activities plural

🏷 单词标签 & 词根