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action
★★★★★
🇺🇸 /ˈækʃʌn/
🇬🇧 /ˈækʃən̩/
action 的核心意思是“做某事或所做的事”,也可引申为行动过程、动作方式,以及由行动展开的事件。
💡 记忆钩子
把 action 想成“把事情做起来”:先是采取行动或做出的事情,再延伸为动作的方式、电影中的紧张场面、战争中的战斗;在法律、科学和艺术中,它也分别表示正式诉讼、结构之间的作用,以及作品中事件的展开。
📝 学习建议
- 先掌握名词“行动、所做的事”和短语 take action、in action,再学习电影、战争、法律等专门义项。
- 不要把 action 只理解成“动作”;在一般语境中,它常指有目的的行动或具体措施。
- action 作动词时主要见于管理或工作语境,不能随意替代普通的 do、deal with 或 act。
📖 中文释义
adj
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rare 傲慢的📖 在马来西亚英语等地区,action 可形容一个人自以为是、态度傲慢。💡 常用于“be action”或“an action person”一类地区性表达。标准英语学习者不要把它当作普遍通用的形容词;表示傲慢时通常用 arrogant 或 conceited。Manglish
more action
comparative
most action
superlative
intj
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common 开始!开拍!📖 导演喊 action,是在要求演员和工作人员开始表演或拍摄。💡 最典型的形式是导演喊“Action!”。不要把这里的 action 当作普通名词翻译成“行动”;它是一个要求开始的口令。The director shouted “Action!” and the actors began the scene.导演喊了“开拍!”,演员们便开始表演这一幕。
noun
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core 行动;做某事📖 指付出努力去做某事的过程,重点是“动手做起来”,而不是只停留在想法上。💡 常用“take action (to do something)”表示“采取行动做某事”,也可说“action is needed”。表示一般行动时通常不可数;表示一次具体措施时可用 a/an action。countable uncountableWe need to take action before the problem gets worse.问题恶化之前,我们需要采取行动。The committee took immediate action to protect the river.委员会立即采取措施保护这条河。
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core 所做的事;行动📖 指为了达到某个目的而做出的具体事情或措施,可以把它看成行动留下的实际结果。💡 常用“take an action”“an action against someone”或“further action”。可数时强调一项具体措施;不要把它和只表示身体移动的 movement 混为一谈。countable uncountableThe company took action against employees who broke the rules.公司对违反规定的员工采取了措施。Her actions showed that she cared about the team.她的行动表明她很在乎这个团队。
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common 动作方式;运转方式📖 指某个动作如何进行,或某个物体、工具如何运动和发挥作用。💡 常见结构是“the action of + 名词”或“with a + action”。在说明工具或身体动作时,action 强调运动的方式,不只是运动这个结果。countable uncountableUse a gentle rocking action to mix the ingredients.用轻柔的摇动动作来混合这些材料。
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common 紧张刺激的场面📖 指快速、激烈、充满活动的场面,尤其常用于电影、电视或故事。💡 常见搭配是“full of action”“an action movie”和“the action starts”。这里通常不可数,指整体的刺激场面,而不是一次具体动作。countable uncountableThe new film is packed with action from beginning to end.这部新电影从头到尾都充满了刺激场面。
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common 机械装置的运作方式📖 指机械设备被使用时各部分如何运动和发挥作用,尤其可指枪械的机械结构。💡 常见于“the action of a machine”或“a smooth action”。涉及枪械时,action 指内部机械结构,不等于开枪这一行为;技术说明中常作可数名词。countable uncountableThe rifle has a smooth action and is easy to operate.这支步枪的机械结构运转顺畅,容易操作。
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rare 键盘乐器的击弦机构📖 在钢琴等键盘乐器中,指把按键的运动传到发声部件的一整套活动机械部件。💡 通常用“the action of a piano”或“a piano with a heavy/light action”。这是音乐和乐器制作语境中的技术义项,不是普通的“弹奏动作”。countable uncountable
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rare 弦与指板的距离📖 在吉他等弦乐器中,指琴弦与指板之间的高度距离;距离太低可能产生杂音,太高则不易按弦。💡 常见搭配是“low/high action”和“adjust the action”。它主要用于乐器调校,不要把这里的 action 理解成演奏者的手部动作。countable uncountable
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rare 性行为📖 在俚语中指性行为,通常表示某种性经历或性关系。💡 常见于“get some action”或“give someone some action”等带有俚语色彩的表达。该义项较粗俗且含成人意味,正式或中性场合应使用更明确、临床性的说法。countable slang uncountable
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common 战斗;参战经历📖 在军事语境中指实际发生的战斗,或某人经历战斗的状态。💡 常见搭配是“see action”“in action”和“go into action”。这里的 action 通常不可数,表示战斗活动的整体,而不是某一个具体军事动作。countable uncountableThe young soldier saw action for the first time overseas.这名年轻士兵第一次在海外参加了战斗。
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common 法律诉讼📖 在法律语境中指向法院提起的诉讼或法律程序,即通过法律手段处理争议。💡 常见搭配是“bring an action against someone”“legal action”和“a civil action”。这是法律术语,不能在所有“行动”语境中随意替换普通的 action。countable uncountableThe customer brought a legal action against the company.这名顾客对该公司提起了法律诉讼。
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rare 数学中的作用📖 在数学中,指一个代数结构按照其规则变换另一个结构或集合的方式。💡 通常出现在“a group action on a set”或“the action of a group on a set”中。它是严格的数学术语,不能按日常“行动”来理解。countable uncountable
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rare 物理作用量📖 在物理学中,指能量与时间相乘得到的量,尤其可指拉格朗日量对时间的积分。💡 通常用于“the action in a physical system”或“the principle of least action”。这是专业物理术语,学习普通英语时不必优先掌握。countable uncountable
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common 故事情节;事件展开📖 指戏剧、小说、诗歌或电影中构成作品内容的一连串事件,以及这些事件逐步展开的过程。💡 常见搭配是“the action of the play”“the action takes place in...”和“the plot and action”。在这个义项中,action 更接近“情节发展”,不只是某个单独事件。countable uncountableMost of the play's action takes place in a small village.这部戏的大部分情节都发生在一个小村庄里。
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rare 人物姿态;身体动态📖 在绘画和雕塑中,指人物身体各部分的姿态和组合,用来表现情绪或激情。💡 通常用于“the action of a figure”或“a figure in an active action”。这是艺术评论和艺术史语境中的术语,不能简单理解为画面中的故事情节。countable uncountable
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rare 保龄球旋转📖 在保龄球中,指施加在球上的旋转,使球在滚动时改变运动轨迹。💡 常见于描述球的“action”或“put action on the ball”。这是保龄球专门用语,普通语境中通常不会这样使用。countable uncountable
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rare 股份;旧式证券📖 旧式用法中指公司资本中的一份股份,或公共基金中的一份权益。💡 该义项带有过时色彩,通常只在历史或古典文本中出现。现代金融英语一般使用 share、stock 或 bond 等词。countable obsolete uncountable
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rare 宗教仪式;宗教讲道📖 在苏格兰长老会的宗教语境中,指宗教仪式或庄严的宗教活动,也可特指圣餐讲道。💡 通常出现在特定宗教历史语境和复合表达中。它不是现代日常英语里表示“行动”的常用义项。countable uncountable
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rare 自然过程📖 在科学语境中,指自然界中发生或由自然产生的过程,而不是人有意做出的行为。💡 通常需要结合“natural action”或“the action of nature”等搭配来判断。这个义项较书面、专业,日常表达一般会直接说 process 或 effect。countable uncountable
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rare 有目的的行为📖 在特定科学或经济学用法中,指带有明确目的的行为或活动。💡 该义项带有地区或专业限制,常在理论性讨论中出现。普通英语中表示有目的的行为通常使用 purposeful behavior 或 intentional action。Austrian countable uncountable
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rare 抗议行动📖 在社会运动语境中,指活动人士组织的一次示威、抗议或其他公开行动。💡 常见搭配是“organize an action”“a direct action”和“activist action”。它比一般的 protest 范围更宽,也可能包括占领、抵制等有组织的行动。countable uncountable
actions
plural
verb
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common 执行;落实📖 指按照请求、会议决定或工作事项采取行动,把它们真正落实下来。💡 常见结构是“action + 名词”或“action someone’s request/points”,通常是及物用法。这个动词在管理和办公语境中较常见,但在普通英语里用 implement 或 act on 往往更自然。transitiveI’ll action the changes before the next meeting.我会在下次会议前落实这些修改。
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rare 起诉📖 旧式法律用法中,指因某事对某人提起诉讼。💡 通常用“action someone in law”或“action someone for + 罪名或理由”。这是过时且正式的用法,现代英语一般说 sue someone 或 bring legal action against someone。archaic transitive
actions
present,singular,third-person
actioning
participle,present
actioned
participle,past
actioned
past
📘 英文释义 (WordNet)
共 12 组
something done (usually as opposed to something said)
同义词集:
action
there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions
上位: act, deed, human action, human activity
下位: accenting, accentuation, accomplishment, achievement, aggression, alienation, application, arrival, benignity, carrying into action, carrying out, change, choice, civility, consultation, course, course of action, economy, emphasizing, employment, engagement, execution, exercise, fetch, forbiddance, hostility, inhibition, interaction, jump-start, jumpstart, kindness, opposition, option, performance, pick, pickings, play, playing, politeness, prohibition, reference, resistance, reverence, saving, selection, swordplay, taking, thing, transfusion, transgression
the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field;
同义词集:
action
the action is no longer in technology stocks but in municipal bonds
gawkers always try to get as close to the action as possible
上位: work
a military engagement
同义词集:
military action
action
he saw action in Korea
下位: battle, blockade, conflict, defence, defense, defensive measure, electronic warfare, encirclement, engagement, ew, fight, resistance, sally, sortie, war, warfare
a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another; one party prosecutes another for a wrong done or for protection of a right or for prevention of a wrong
同义词集:
legal action
action
action at law
上位: legal proceeding, proceeding, proceedings
下位: criminal prosecution, prosecution
an act by a government body or supranational organization; ;
同义词集:
action
recent federal action undermined the segregationist position
the United Nations must have the power to propose and organize action without being hobbled by irrelevant issues
the Union action of emancipating Southern slaves
put in effect; ;
同义词集:
carry through
accomplish
execute
carry out
action
fulfill
fulfil
carry out a task
execute the decision of the people
He actioned the operation
上位: complete, effect, effectuate, finish, set up
下位: complete, consummate, discharge, dispatch, do, perform, run
institute legal proceedings against; file a suit against;
同义词集:
action
sue
litigate
process
He was warned that the district attorney would process him
She actioned the company for discrimination
上位: challenge
下位: expedite
the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism
同义词集:
action
action mechanism
the piano had a very stiff action
上位: mechanism
下位: movement
the trait of being active and energetic and forceful
同义词集:
action
a man of action
上位: drive
the series of events that form a plot
同义词集:
action
his novels always have a lot of action
上位: plot
a process existing in or produced by nature (rather than by the intent of human beings);
同义词集:
natural process
natural action
action
activity
the action of natural forces
volcanic activity
上位: physical process, process
下位: absorption, capture, chromatography, clotting, coagulation, condensation, convection, curdling, curing, decay, diffusion, disintegration, dissolution, distillation, distillment, drift, ecesis, ecological succession, establishment, extinction, extraction, feedback, filtration, flow, formation, hardening, inactivation, ionisation, ionization, leach, leaching, natural selection, oscillation, radiation, release, scattering, selection, set, sink, soak, soakage, soaking, softening, solidification, solidifying, source, stimulation, succession, survival, survival of the fittest, synergism, synergy
the state of being active;
同义词集:
action
activity
activeness
his sphere of activity
he is out of action
反义: inaction, inactiveness, inactivity
上位: state
下位: agency, behavior, behaviour, busyness, eructation, eruption, extravasation, hum, operation, overdrive, play, swing
🌳 词源
源自拉丁语 actio,来自 agere“做、行动”,与 act 和 active 同源。
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti
Proto-Italic *agō
Latin agō
Latin āctum
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Proto-Indo-European *-Hō
Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō
Proto-Italic *-tiō
Latin -tiō
Latin āctiō
Old French aucionbor.
Middle English accioun
English action
From Middle English accioun, accion, from Old French aucion, acciun, from Latin āctiō(n) (“act of doing or making”), from āct(us) + action suffix -iō(n), perfect passive participle of agere (“do, act”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti. See also act, active. By surface analysis, act + -ion.
🔄 变式
actioned
past
actioning
present
actions
plural
more action
compar
most action
superl
🏷 单词标签 & 词根