accuse

accuse 的核心意思是“指责某人有错，尤其指控某人犯了罪或过失”。它主要作动词使用，名词用法已过时。

💡 记忆钩子

把 accuse 想成“把责任或罪名指到某人身上”：事情做得不对时，可以指责他；如果涉及违法行为，就是指控他犯罪；也可以泛指向某人提出指责。

📝 学习建议

先掌握动词用法；名词 accuse 只在旧式英语或历史文本中出现，现代英语中不要把它当作常用名词。
accuse 不只是“认为某人不好”，通常带有明确的过错、责任或罪名；表达普通的不满时，不能一律用 accuse。

📖 中文释义

noun

rare 指责；控告

📖 这是 accuse 的名词形式，表示把责任或罪名指到某人身上的指责或控告，但属于过时用法。

obsolete uncountable

verb

core 指责；归咎

📖 表示认为某人做错了事，并把责任归到他身上，不一定涉及犯罪。它是“把过错指向某人”这一核心概念最一般的用法。

💡 常用结构是 accuse someone of something 或 accuse someone of doing something。不能把介词 of 换成 about；如果只是说明谁应负责，blame 往往更自然，而 accuse 带有较强的指责意味。

transitive

She accused me of ignoring her messages.

她指责我无视了她的消息。

He accused his brother of breaking the window.

他指责弟弟打破了窗户。
core 指控犯罪或违法

📖 表示正式或严肃地说某人实施了犯罪或其他违法行为，把具体罪名指到他身上。这是“指责”在法律语境中的强化用法。

💡 常见结构仍是 accuse someone of a crime 或 accuse someone of doing something。被指控不等于已经被证明有罪，因此不要把 accuse 直接理解成“判定有罪”；正式法律语境中常与被动结构连用。

transitive

The police accused him of stealing the car.

警方指控他偷了那辆汽车。

She was accused of fraud but denied the charge.

她被指控欺诈，但否认这一指控。
common 提出指责；指控某人

📖 表示向某人提出指责这一动作，重点在“发出指控”本身；所指的过错可以是一般问题，也可以是违法行为。

💡 作不及物用法时，常见结构是 accuse，而具体对象通常用 accuse someone of something 表达；新闻或正式叙述中也常见 accuse someone of doing something。不要把它当作只表示法律起诉的词，日常争执中也能使用，但语气较重。

intransitive

Several employees accused the manager of unfair treatment.

几名员工指责经理待遇不公平。

accuses present,singular,third-person accusing participle,present accused participle,past accused past accuse first-person,present,singular accused first-person,past,singular accuse present,second-person,singular accusest archaic,present,second-person,singular accused past,second-person,singular accusedst archaic,past,second-person,singular accuseth archaic,present,singular,third-person accused past,singular,third-person accuse plural,present accused past,plural accuse present,subjunctive accused past,subjunctive accuse imperative,present - imperative,past

📘 英文释义 (WordNet) 共 2 组

bring an accusation against; level a charge against

同义词集: accuse impeach incriminate criminate

The neighbors accused the man of spousal abuse

上位: charge 下位: charge, file, lodge, reproach, upbraid

blame for, make a claim of wrongdoing or misbehavior against

同义词集: charge accuse

he charged the director with indifference

下位: asperse, besmirch, blame, calumniate, criminate, defame, denigrate, fault, impeach, incriminate, indict, slander, smear, smirch, sully

🌳 词源

约在14世纪出现，源自古法语和拉丁语，词源含有“追究责任、提出诉讼或理由”的意思，与 cause 有历史关联。

Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd Proto-Italic *ad Proto-Italic *ad- Latin ad- Proto-Italic *kaussā Old Latin caussa Latin causa Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu. Proto-Italic *-ājō Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin accūsārelbor. Old French acuserbor. Middle English acusen English accuse First attested around 1300. From Middle English acusen, from Old French acuser, from Latin accūsō (“to call to account, accuse”), from ad (“to”) + causa (“cause, lawsuit, reason”). Akin to cause. Displaced native English bewray and Old English sċyldan.

🔄 变式

- imperat accused 1st_sg accusedst archaic accuses present accusest archaic accuseth archaic accusing present

🏷 单词标签 & 词根